U
Understanding on Rules and Procedures Governing the Settlement of Disputes (DSU): see DSU
undertakings (SCM 18): see price undertakings (AD 8)/undertakings (SCM 18)
unforeseen developments: see emergency action (GATT XIX); 揳s a result of unforeseen developments?(GATT XIX:1(a))
unilateral action by Member, prohibition (DSU 23.1)
13.700, 17.1294?: see also DSU dispute settlement, obligation to have recourse to (DSU 23.1)
balance of rights and obligations and DSU 1303?a href="dsu_09_e.htm#1304">4, 1306
揷hilling?effect DSU 29, 1313, 1689
揹etermination? DSU 1313
examples of excluded actions (DSU 23.2) DSU 1300?a href="dsu_09_e.htm#1302">2, 1307
GATS XVIII Reference Paper on Basic Telecommunications and GATS 140
legislation [as such] in breach of unilateral undertaking DSU 339, 1312
relationship between DSU 23.1 and 23.2 DSU 1298?a href="dsu_09_e.htm#1304">304
statements at DSB meetings as DSU 29, 1313, 1689
unilateral statements, legal effect DSU 1685?a href="dsu_10_e.htm#1689">9
ATC safeguard measures (ATC 6), TMB discussion ATC 7, 10, 11, 13, 22, 50
Enabling Clause notifications
GSP schemes GATT 63
special treatment of least-developed countries GATT 79
Uruguay Round, quantitative restrictions, elimination (GATT XI) and GATT 521
US ?1916 Act (AB), WT/DS136/AB/R, WT/DS162/AB/R, DSR 2000:
Anti-Dumping Agreement (AD), principles (AD 1), 揳nti-dumping measure?AD 5
anti-dumping and countervailing duties (GATT VI) including interrelationship with AD Agreement
anti-dumping measure other than duty, applicability to GATT 447?a href="gatt1994_04_e.htm#449">9
AD 18.1 and GATT 449
搈ay levy?and (GATT VI:2) GATT 460
dumping, constituent elements (AD 2/GATT VI:1)
material injury to domestic industry or threat of (GATT VI:6 (a)) GATT 454, 482
specific reference in legislation, relevance GATT 450
搈ay levy?(GATT VI:2) as limitation to Member抯 choice whether or not to impose anti-dumping duty (AD 9) GATT 460, AD 723
competence of panels and AB (DSU 3.2/DSU 11/DSU 17), comp閠ence de la comp閠ence/obligation to address jurisdictional issues [on own motion] DSU 367, 800, 1327, 1702
conformity of laws, regulations and administrative procedures with AD obligations, obligation to ensure (AD 18.4)
dispute settlement procedures (AD 17) and AD 876
legislation 揳s such?and AD 878, 969, DSU 278
consultation and dispute settlement (AD 17)
GATT XXII and XXIII compared AD 873?a href="anti_dumping_04_e.htm#874">4
搈atter? referral to DSB (AD 17.4), identification of measure at issue requirement (DSU 6.2), identification as antidumping duty, acceptance of price undertaking or provisional measure, need for AD 891
determination of dumping (AD 2), constituent elements, intention and (AD 2/GATT VI:1) GATT 454
DSB, GATT acquis, commitment to adhere to (DSU 3.1) DSU 40, 278
DSU, applicability, covered agreements (DSU 1.1/DSU 7.2), AD Agreement DSU 3
GATT 1947/WTO continuity
decisions, procedures and customary practices under GATT 1947 (WTO XVI:1)
decisions, procedures and customary practices under GATT 1947 (WTO XVI:1)/provisions of legal instruments in force under GATT 1947 (GATT 1994 1(b)) (GATT acquis), dispute settlement, commitment to adhere to (DSU 3.1) DSU 40, 278
interim review (DSU 15)
jurisdictional challenge, timeliness DSU 367, 800
timeliness of objections to terms of reference DSU 800
legislation as such, right to challenge (WTO XVI:4)
AD 17.3/AD 17.4 AD 873?a href="anti_dumping_04_e.htm#876">6, 891?a href="anti_dumping_04_e.htm#893">3
GATT 1947, XXIII:1(a) and
mandatory/discretionary legislation, distinguishability AD 878, DSU 40, 278
GATT practice AD 882, DSU 40, 278, 289?a href="dsu_03_e.htm#290">90
rejection/non-endorsement of doctrine DSU 297, 300
ordinary meaning of terms used in covered agreements
揳nti-dumping measure? AD 5
搒pecific action against dumping? GATT 449
preliminary rulings on, timing of objections DSU 367, 800
preparatory work (VCLT 32), AD 1 AD 5
relationships within and between agreements
AD 1/GATT VI:1 GATT 448
AD 9.4/GATT VI:2 AD 723
AD 17/AD 18 AD 876
AD 17/GATT XXII and XXIII AD 873?a href="anti_dumping_04_e.htm#874">4
AD 17.4/AD 18.1 and AD 876, TPRM 4
specific action against dumping (AD 18.1) or subsidy (SCM 32.1) in accordance with GATT VI as interpreted by AD/SCM Agreement GATT 449, AD 956
action under other relevant provisions of GATT 1994 distinguished (AD 18.1 footnote 24) GATT 449, AD 956
揺xcept in accordance with the provisions? SCM 584
搇egislation as such? AD 876
standard/powers of review (panel) (DSU 11), claims against legislation as such
terms of reference of panels (DSU 7), timeliness of objections DSU 367, 800
third party enhanced rights/rights beyond those indicated in DSU 10.2, DSU 10.3 and Appendix 3, para. 6
limited nature of DSU 476
multiple complainants (DSU 9) and DSU 492
as sole basis of rights DSU 476
US ?1916 Act (EC) (Panel), WT/DS136/AB/R and Corr.1, DSR 2000:X
anti-dumping and countervailing duties (GATT VI) including interrelationship with AD Agreement
AD Agreement as context AD 1000?a href="anti_dumping_05_e.htm#1002">2
AD Agreement and GATT 1994 as integral part of WTO Agreement AD 723, 1000?a href="anti_dumping_05_e.htm#1002">2
separability of provisions AD 1000
violation of GATT VI, sufficiency for finding of violation of AD 2.1 and 2.2 GATT 451, 492, AD 163
burden of proof (general rules), prima facie case requirement AD163
competence of panels and AB (DSU 3.2/DSU 11/DSU 17), 揷larification of existing provisions? DSU 529
determination of injury (AD 3)
as detailed version of GATT VI GATT 494, AD 321
as evidence of AD 602 n. 836, DSU 528?a href="dsu_05_e.htm#530">30
compliance with international obligations, interpretation of legislation distinguished DSU 529 n. 861
decisions of domestic courts, applicability DSU 529
domestic law, as fact for purposes of international adjudication, legislative history, relevance DSU 530
good faith engagement in dispute settlement procedures (DSU 3.10)
development of arguments at earliest possible stage DSU 118
interim review (DSU 15) and DSU 799
interim review (DSU 15)
good faith (DSU 3.10) and DSU 799
reargument of case, exclusion DSU 782
timeliness of objections to terms of reference DSU 799
interpretation of covered agreements, rules relating to including VCLT provisions
effectiveness principle (ut res magis valeat quam pereat/effet utile) AD 878
interpretation of covered agreements, rules relating to including VCLT provisions, effectiveness principle (ut res magis valeat quam pereat/effet utile), meaning to be attributed to every word and phrase AD 1000
judicial economy, prior decision on another point rendering discussion otiose GATT 400, 404, SPS 494, AD 321
legal status of panel reports, unadopted reports AD 878, DSU 1148
legislation as such, right to challenge (WTO XVI:4), mandatory/discretionary legislation, distinguishability AD 878, 969
lex specialis/presumption against treaty conflicts GATT 404
national treatment, regulatory discrimination (GATT III:4)
anti-dumping (GATT VI) and GATT 400?a href="gatt1994_03_e.htm#402">2
GATT VI and GATT 400
order of analysis, specific/general provision GATT 400?a href="gatt1994_03_e.htm#402">2
relationships within and between agreements
AD 3/GATT VI GATT 494
AG 3/GATT VI:1 AD 321
GATT III:8/GATT VI GATT 400?a href="gatt1994_03_e.htm#402">2
specific/general provision, as general principle of international law AD 467 n. 622
specific action against dumping (AD 18.1) or subsidy (SCM 32.1) in accordance with GATT VI as interpreted by AD/SCM Agreement, 揺xcept in accordance with the provisions? AD 959
standard/powers of review (panel) (DSU 11)
claims against legislation as such AD 891
搊bjective assessment of matter before it? independent assessment of domestic law DSU 528?a href="dsu_05_e.htm#530">30
terms of reference of panels (DSU 7), timeliness of objections DSU 367, 799
third party enhanced rights/rights beyond those indicated in DSU 10.2, DSU 10.3 and Appendix 3, para. 6
agreement between the parties, relevance DSU 491
multiple complainants (DSU 9) and DSU 491
unilateral statements, legal effect DSU 1686
US ?1916 Act (Japan) (Panel), WT/DS162/R and Add.1, DSR 2000:X
AD 18.1/other Ad Articles AD 978?a href="anti_dumping_05_e.htm#979">9
Anti-Dumping Agreement (AD), object and purpose, absence of specific provision/preamble AD 1
anti-dumping and countervailing duties (GATT VI) including interrelationship with AD Agreement
quantitative restrictions (GATT XI) and AD 248
separability of AD and GATT VI GATT 493
separability of provisions GATT 493, AD 1000
conformity of laws, regulations and administrative procedures with AD obligations, obligation to ensure (AD 18.4), finding of non-conformity under any AD provision WTO 290, AD 978?a href="anti_dumping_05_e.htm#979">9
conformity of laws, regulations and administrative procedures with WTO obligations, obligation to ensure (WTO XVI:4) WTO 290
good faith engagement in dispute settlement procedures (DSU 3.10), correction of factual errors and DSU 124
lex specialis/presumption against treaty conflicts GATT 404
national treatment, regulatory discrimination (GATT III:4), GATT VI and GATT 403?a href="gatt1994_03_e.htm#404">4
order of analysis, specific/general provision GATT 403?a href="gatt1994_03_e.htm#404">4
quantitative restrictions, elimination (GATT XI), GATT VI and GATT 648
relationships within and between agreements
AD 18.4/SCM 32.5/WTO XVI:4 WTO 290
AD/GATT VI AD 1005
GATT III:3/GATT VI GATT 403?a href="gatt1994_03_e.htm#404">4
specific action against dumping (AD 18.1) or subsidy (SCM 32.1) in accordance with GATT VI as interpreted by AD/SCM Agreement, action under other relevant provisions of GATT 1994 distinguished (AD 18.1 footnote 24) AD 960
standard/powers of review (panel) (DSU 11), claims against legislation as such AD 891
third party enhanced rights/rights beyond those indicated in DSU 10.2, DSU 10.3 and Appendix 3, para. 6
agreement between the parties, relevance DSU 491
multiple complainants (DSU 9) and DSU 491
participation in proceedings initiated by another complainant (DSU 9) DSU 492
US ?1916 Act (Article 21.3(c)), WT/DS136/11, implementation of DSB recommendations and rulings, surveillance (DSU 21), prompt compliance (DSU 21.1), flexibility DSU 1002
US ?1916 Act (EC) (Article 22.6 ? US), WT/DS136/ARB, DSR 2004:IX
arbitration (DSU 22.6)
揵y the original panel? DSU 1211
scope of review/arbitrators?mandate/task (DSU 22.7), suspension of concessions or 搊ther obligations? limitations on role DSU 1219
burden of proof (general rules)
nature and purpose of countermeasures DSU 1180
搊r other obligations? authorization to suspend (DSU 22.2) DSU 1193
搒pecific? DSU 1196
suspension of concessions, conformity with DSU 22.4 DSU 584
changes in level after authorization DSU 1239
court judgments and DSU 1233, 1269
deterrent / 揷hilling?effect DSU 1235
litigation costs and DSU 1236
reasoned estimates, need for DSU 1229
settlement agreements and DSU 1234, 1269
zero level, exclusion DSU 1224
retaliatory measures, legality, WTO law DSU 1251 n. 1949
suspension of concessions for non-implementation of DSB recommendations and rulings (DSU 22)
level equivalent to nullification or impairment (DSU 22.4), 揺quivalent? qualitative test DSU 1250?a href="dsu_08_e.htm#1252">2, 1269
as retaliatory measure DSU 1251 n. 1949
as temporary measure (DSU 22.8) DSU 1180
US ?Anti-Dumping and Countervailing Duties (China) (AB), WT/DS379/AB/R
AB procedures (DSU 17.9 and ABWP), documents (ABWP 18), failure to file by deadline (ABWP 18(1)) DSU 1401, 11401
anti-dumping and countervailing duties (GATT VI) including interrelationship with AD Agreement
AD 2.1/GATt VI:1(a) and AD 2.2/GATT VI:1(b) distinguished GATT 481
anti-dumping vs countervailing duties/exclusion of double remedy (GATT VI:5/SCM 19) GATT 480?a href="gatt1994_04_e.htm#481">1
determination of dumping (AD 2/GATT VI:2), sale 揹estined for consumption in exporting country?(AD 2.1/GATT VI:2) GATT 481
determination of dumping (AD 2)
calculation of normal value, eligible transactions, requirements (AD 2.1), sale 揹estined for consumption in exporting country? GATT VI:1(a) compared GATT 481
fair comparison of export price and normal value (AD 2.4)
non-market economies (NMEs) and (Note 2 Ad Article VI:1) GATT 455
as exceptional method GATT 455, 481
sales transaction not 搃n the ordinary course of trade?(AD 2.2), AD 2.1/GATT VI:1(a) distinguished GATT 481
domestic law, interpretation of covered agreements, relevance to DSU 1627
expedited review, right to (SCM 19.3), double remedies and GATT 455, 480, SCM 466, 480?a href="subsidies_03_e.htm#481">1
good faith interpretation of treaty (VCLT 31(1)), presumption of good faith and DSU 1546
ILC Articles, status as 搑ule?of international law DSU 1599?a href="dsu_10_e.htm#1600">600
international law / 搑elevant rules of international law?(VCLT 31 (3)(c)) with particular reference to the interpretation of covered agreements (DSU 3(2)) DSU 1598?a href="dsu_10_e.htm#1600">600
constituent elements (搑ules?/ 搑elevant? / 揳pplicable between the parties? DSU 1598
customary international law as DSU 1598
搒ources of international law?(ICJ Statute 38(1)) as DSU 1598
as supplementary means / 搕aken into account? DSU 1600
interpretation of covered agreements, rules relating to including VCLT provisions
揳ny subsequent practice ?which establishes the agreement of the parties regarding its interpretation?(VCLT 31(3)(b)), panel report (adopted) DSU 821
context (VCLT 31(2))
揳ny agreement relating to ?made in connection with the conclusion厰 (VCLT 31(2)(a)) DSU 1559
jurisprudence, relevance DSU 821
effectiveness principle (ut res magis valeat quam pereat/effet utile), meaning to be attributed to omissions DSU 1617
hierarchical relationship between elements in VC 31, whether DSU 1599
object and purpose, SCM 1.1(a)(1) SCM 8
as a whole/holistic/harmonious exercise DSU 1555, 1667
legal status of panel reports, adopted reports (DSU 16) DSU 821
multiple authentic languages, interpretation (VCLT 33), 搊rdinary meaning?(VCLT 31(1)) and DSU 1667
ordinary meaning of terms used in covered agreements
domestic law concepts, relevance DSU 1627
multiple authentic languages (VCLT 33) and DSU 1667
relationships within and between agreements, SCM 1.1(a)(1)/ILC Articles on State Responsibility DSU 1683
SCM Agreement
object and purpose (SCM 1)
balanced framework of rights and obligations relating to countervailing duties SCM 8
strengthening and improvement of GATT disciplines on subsidies and countervailing measures SCM 8
strengthening and improvement of GATT disciplines on subsidies and countervailing measures SCM 8
standard/powers of Review (AB) (issues of law and legal interpretations) (DSU 17.6)
legal findings or developed interpretations, limitation to (DSU 17.13) DSU 898
completion of the legal analysis in case of, contentiousness/ omission/insufficiency of facts DSU 882
State responsibility as rule/general principle of international law (ILC Articles) DSU 1599?a href="dsu_10_e.htm#1600">600
responsibility for act or omission of, agency with specific official responsibilities and powers / 損ublic body? DSU 1683
subsidy, calculation in terms of benefit to recipient (SCM 14)
loans (SCM 14(b)), benchmarks SCM 411?a href="subsidies_03_e.htm#412">12
provision of goods or services (SCM 14(d)), 損revailing market conditions?/benchmarks SCM 419
subsidy, definition (SCM 1.1(a)(1)) (financial contribution)
損rivate body?(SCM 1.1(a)(1)(iv)), government entrustment or direction, effect SCM 8, 56?a href="subsidies_01_e.htm#57">7
損ublic body? classification as, relevance SCM 8, 58
損ublic body? criteria for classification as, government authority SCM 17, DSU 1683
subsidy, specificity (SCM 2)
揷ertain enterprises?(SCM 2 chapeau) SCM 103
de facto specificity (SCM 2.1(c)), relevant factors SCM 101
principles determining (SCM 2.1), structure of SCM 2.1/ interrelationship between subparagraphs SCM 2.1(a)-(c) SCM 101
US ?Anti-Dumping and Countervailing Duties (China) (Panel), WT/DS379/R
anti-dumping and countervailing duties (GATT VI) including interrelationship with AD Agreement, anti-dumping vs countervailing duties/exclusion of double remedy (GATT VI:5/SCM 19) GATT 480?a href="gatt1994_04_e.htm#481">1
domestic law, interpretation of covered agreements, relevance to DSU 1627
double remedies, notification to all interested parties of essential facts (SCM 12.8) and SCM 395, DSU 1617
evidence (countervailing duty investigation) (SCM 12)
notification to all interested parties of essential facts under consideration (SCM 12.8)
double remedies and SCM 395
notification of 揺ssential facts?and evidence required to establish claim distinguished SCM 395
questionnaires (SCM 12.1.1), supplementary questionnaires, status SCM 381, 679
resort to 揻acts available?(SCM 12.7), authorities?failure to give notice of required information (SCM 12.1) and SCM 392
evidence (investigation of countervailing duties) (SCM 12)
搃nformation which the authorities require?(SCM 12.1) SCM 378?a href="subsidies_03_e.htm#379">9
揹ue notice?/ 揳mple opportunity?(SCM 12.1) SCM 379
interpretation of covered agreements, rules relating to including VCLT provisions
effectiveness principle (ut res magis valeat quam pereat/effet utile), meaning to be attributed to omissions DSU 1617
text/plain language (VCLT 31(2)) SCM 392
ordinary meaning of terms used in covered agreements, domestic law concepts, relevance DSU 1627
regional specificity (SCM 2.2), definition problems SCM 116?a href="subsidies_01_e.htm#117">17
subsidy, calculation in terms of benefit to recipient (SCM 14), loans (SCM 14(b)), benchmarks SCM 411?a href="subsidies_03_e.htm#412">12
subsidy, specificity (SCM 2), regional specificity (SCM 2.2), definition problems SCM 116?a href="subsidies_01_e.htm#117">17
US ?Anti-Dumping Measures on Oil Country Tubular Goods (Panel)
publication and administration of trade regulations (GATT X), retroactivity of trade measures (ATC 6.10) and GATT 542
retroactivity (trade measures) (ATC 6.10), prior publication (GATT X:2), relevance GATT 542
sunset review (AD 11.3) (including 搇ikelihood? test), causation, relevance AD 805
US ?Anti-Dumping Measures on Oil Country Tubular Goods (AB), WT/DS282/AB/R, DSR 2005:XX
judicial economy. 損ositive solution to dispute? requirement (DSU 3.7)/false judicial economy and. DSU 655
sunset review (AD 11.3) (including 搇ikelihood? test)
cumulative assessment (AD 3.3), applicability AD 811?a href="anti_dumping_04_e.htm#815">15
determination of likelihood
causation, relevance AD 806?a href="anti_dumping_04_e.htm#810">10
injury requirement AD 806?a href="anti_dumping_04_e.htm#810">10
determination of likelihood qualitative assessment AD 816?a href="anti_dumping_04_e.htm#818">18
objective assessment (DSU 11) AD 816
investigating authorities?obligation to seek out information AD 818
搊ther factors? importance AD 817
US ?Anti-Dumping Measures on PET Bags (Panel), WT/DS383/R
burden of proof (general rules), prima facie case requirement AD 122
搝eroing?(AD 9.3/GATT VI:2), comparison of weighted average normal value with weighted average of all comparable export transactions (AD 2.4.2), 揷omparable? AD 122
US ?Canada Tuna (GATT Panel), BISD 295/91
interim review (DSU 15), termination of measures following, effect DSU 384 n. 623
搈easures at issue?(DSU 6.2), terminated measures, termination following agreement on terms of reference DSU 384 n. 623
US ?Carbon Steel (AB), WT/DS213/AB/R and Corr.1, DSR 2002:IX
amicus curiae briefs, confidential information obligations (DSU 18.2) DSU 126
burden of proof (general rules), on domestic law DSU 578
competence of panels and AB (DSU 3.2/DSU 11/DSU 17), not to add to or diminish rights and obligations (DSU 3.2/19.2) SCM 501
countervailing duties (SCM Part V)
balance between rights and obligations relating to, need for SCM 4
duration (SCM 21.1) SCM 478
preconditions (SCM19.1), standard of proof (SCM22.1) SCM503
public notice and explanation of determinations (SCM 22), standard of proof (SCM 22.1) SCM 503
as remedy to offset benefits of subsidies SCM 4
determination of injury (SCM 15), 搒ubsidization? and injury caused by 搒ubsidized imports?distinguished SCM 372
developing countries (SCM 27)
de minimis subsidization threshold (SCM 27.10 and 27.11) SCM 570
notification of nature of case DSU 187
due process (dispute settlement proceedings), prejudice to party, relevance DSU 187, 194
evidence, acceptability as for 搊bjective assessment?(DSU 11) purposes, practice in application of laws DSU 336
evidence (dumping investigation) (AD 6), sunset review (SCM 21.3), absence of cross-reference from SCM 369?a href="subsidies_03_e.htm#370">70, 489?a href="subsidies_03_e.htm#490">90, 498, 499
good faith engagement in dispute settlement procedures (DSU 3.10)
as limitation on right to bring action under DSU DSU 108
prompt challenge to deficient procedures DSU 126
identification of specific measures (DSU 6.2)
case-by-case approach DSU 209
搒pecific? 揳ttendant circumstances? relevance DSU 240
information or technical advice, panel抯 right to seek (DSU 13.1/SPS 11.2), discretion not to seek DSU 607, 758
interpretation of covered agreements, rules relating to including VCLT provisions
footnotes to treaty SCM 372
object and purpose, preamble as evidence of SCM 4
preamble of agreement under consideration, as evidence of object and purpose SCM 4
same or closely related phrases in different agreements, crossreferencing, role SCM 369?a href="subsidies_03_e.htm#370">70, 489?a href="subsidies_03_e.htm#490">90, 498, 499
supplementary means (VCLT 32), 搑ecourse may be had? DSU 1634
text/plain language (VCLT 31(2)) DSU 1552
investigation of dumping (AD 5)/subsidy (SCM 11)
preparatory work (VCLT 32) SCM 371
Secretariat Note for the Uruguay Round Negotiating Group on Subsidies and Countervailing Measures (1987), relevance SCM 371
procedural nature of provisions SCM 366, 368
sufficient evidence requirement in case of initiation of investigation in absence of application (SCM 11.6) SCM 365
termination (SCM 11.9)
de minimis standard, applicability SCM 366?a href="subsidies_03_e.htm#373">73
developing countries (SCM 27.10) SCM 570
limitation of SCM 11.9 to investigation phase SCM 366
legal basis of claim / 揷laim?/ 搈atter referred?(DSU 6.2/7.1), summary 搒ufficient to present the problem clearly? DSU 194
legislation as such, right to challenge (WTO XVI:4)
claims 揳s such?vs claims 揳s applied? relevance of distinction DSU 336
mandatory/discretionary legislation, distinguishability
burden of proof and DSU 336
rejection/non-endorsement of doctrine DSU 300
preparatory work (VCLT 32)
AD 5/SCM 11 SCM 371
relationships within and between agreements
SCM 11.6/SCM 21.3 SCM 365
SCM 11.9/SCM 21.3 SCM 366?a href="subsidies_03_e.htm#373">73
request for establishment of panel, requirements (DSU 6.2)
compliance, importance of
demonstration of on the 揻ace of the request? need for DSU 187, 194
scrutiny by panel DSU 187
subsequent cure of defect, exclusion DSU 187, 194
due process/ability to defend itself considerations DSU 187, 194
fruitfulness of action (DSU 3.7), determination by Member DSU 108
搒ufficient to present the problem clearly? DSU 187
SCM Agreement, object and purpose (SCM 1), balanced framework of rights and obligations relating to countervailing duties SCM 4
standard/powers of review (panel) (DSU 11), 搊bjective assessment of the facts?/alleged disregard or distortion of the evidence, discretion in selection of evidence to refer to explicitly DSU 606
subsidy, definition (SCM 1), level of subsidy, relevance SCM 372
sunset review (SCM 21.3)
burden/standard of proof
original investigation requirements (SCM 11 and 12) distinguished SCM 490?a href="subsidies_03_e.htm#491">1
SCM 11.6, relevance SCM 365
SCM 11.6, relevance in absence of cross-reference to SCM 369?a href="subsidies_03_e.htm#370">70, 489?a href="subsidies_03_e.htm#490">90, 498, 499
de minimis standard
absence of reference to, relevance SCM 500?a href="subsidies_03_e.htm#501">1
termination of investigation provisions (SCM 11.9) distinguished SCM 366?a href="subsidies_03_e.htm#373">73, 500?a href="subsidies_03_e.htm#501">1
as threshold test SCM 367, 372
original investigation requirements distinguished SCM 490?a href="subsidies_03_e.htm#491">1, 497?a href="subsidies_03_e.htm#498">8
likelihood test SCM 494?a href="subsidies_03_e.htm#495">5
preparatory work (VCLT 32) SCM 373
self-initiation, right of SCM 488
terms of reference of panels (DSU 7)
as definition of jurisdiction/legal claims at issue DSU 361
request for establishment of panel as basis DSU 187
US ?Carbon Steel (Panel), WT/DS213/R and Corr.1, DSR 2002:IX
identification of specific measures (DSU 6.2), expedited sunset review, treatment as subsidiary of closely related measure DSU 217
interim review (DSU 15), timeliness of objections to terms of reference DSU 801
interpretation of covered agreements, rules relating to including VCLT provisions, same or closely related phrases in different agreements, SCM 21.2/AD and SPS Agreements SCM 494
relationships within and between agreements, SCM 11.6/SCM 21.3 SCM 365
sunset review (SCM 21.3)
AD 11.2 standard, applicability SCM 494
burden/standard of proof, SCM 11.6, relevance SCM 365
terms of reference of panels (DSU 7), timeliness of objections DSU 801
US ?Certain EC Products (AB), WT/DS165/AB/R, DSR 2001:I and DSR 2001:II
burden of proof (general rules), prima facie case requirement, ?i>prima facie? DSU 415
competence of panels and AB (DSU 3.2/DSU 11/DSU 17)
搈ay uphold, modify or reverse?legal findings (DSU 17.13), 搈oot?/ 搊f no legal effect?finding DSU 894
right to develop own legal reasoning including arguments not adduced by parties (jura novit curia) DSU 416
identification of specific measures (DSU 6.2), 搒ufficient to present the problem clearly? DSU 415
legal basis of claim / 揷laim?/ 搈atter referred?(DSU 6.2/7.1)
arguments distinguished DSU 326, 415
clarification of claim during proceedings DSU 415
legal status of panel reports, 搈oot?/ 搊f no legal effect?finding DSU 894
搈easures at issue?(DSU 6.2), terminated measures, termination before agreement on terms of reference DSU 390
relationships within and between agreements
DSU 23.1/DSU 23.2 DSU 1301
GATT II/GATT XI GATT 626
Schedules of Concessions (GATT II), treatment no less favourable than that provided in appropriate schedule (GATT II:1 (a)), bonding requirements, imposition of import duties distinguished GATT 626
suspension of concessions for non-implementation of DSB recommendations and rulings (DSU 22), authorization, need for (DSU 3.7, 22.6 and 23.2(c)), suspension without authorization as breach of DSU 3.7 DSU 89, 1318
terms of reference of panels (DSU 7)
as definition of jurisdiction/legal claims at issue
failure to make specific mention of alleged inconsistency (DSU 23.2(a)) DSU 415
specific legal claim included in terms of reference, limitation to DSU 415
unilateral action by Member, prohibition (DSU 23.1)
examples of excluded actions (DSU 23.2) DSU 1301
relationship between DSU 23.1 and 23.2 DSU 1301
US ?Certain EC Products (Panel), WT/DS165/R and Add.1, DSR 2001:I and DSR 2001:II
customs value determination (VAL), surety for ultimate payment (VAL 13) VAL 48
DSU dispute settlement
obligation to have recourse to (DSU 23.1)
prohibition of suspensions prior to completion of DSU 22 procedures DSU 1317
in 搒eeking redress of WTO violation? DSU 1305
fees and formalities connected with importation and exportation 搇imited ?to the approximate cost of services rendered?(GATT VIII:1(a)), bonding requirements GATT 501
implementation of panel or AB recommendations (DSU 19.1), measure terminated in course of proceedings/no longer in existence DSU 931, 940 n. 1479
interpretation of covered agreements, rules relating to including VCLT provisions
context (VCLT 31(2)), other articles in same agreement, DSU 23.1 as context for DSU 23.2 DSU 1299, 1307
dictionaries DSU 1305
搈easures at issue?(DSU 6.2), 搈easures at issue?(DSU 6.2), terminated measures, termination before agreement on terms of reference DSU 390
MFN treatment (GATT I:1), 揳ccorded immediately and unconditionally to the like product? differential treatment on the basis of origin of product and GATT 51
order of analysis, specific/general provision, DSU 23.1/DSU 23.2 DSU 1300
panel procedures (DSU 12 and Appendix 3 (WP)), separate opinion (DSU 14.3) GATT 626
quantitative restrictions, elimination (GATT XI), 損rohibition or restriction?(GATT XI:1), bonding requirements GATT 626, 639
relationships within and between agreements
DSU 3.7/DSU 22.6 and DSU 22.3(c) DSU 89, 1318
DSU 23.1/DSU 23.2 DSU 1299?a href="dsu_09_e.htm#1300">300
DSU 23.1/VCLT 60 DSU 1672
remedies as means of restoring balance of WTO rights and obligations DSU 1306
retaliatory measures, legality
international law DSU 1693
WTO law DSU 1306?a href="dsu_09_e.htm#1307">7, 1693
suspension of concessions for non-implementation of DSB recommendations and rulings (DSU 22)
as last resort 搒olution?(DSU 3.7) DSU 89, 1306
as retaliatory measure DSU 1306?a href="dsu_09_e.htm#1307">7, 1693
as temporary measure (DSU 22.8) DSU 1177, 1306
WTO authorization, need for (DSU 3.7, 22.6 and 23.2(c)) DSU 1317
unilateral action by Member, prohibition (DSU 23.1) DSU 1299?a href="dsu_09_e.htm#1300">300
examples of excluded actions (DSU 23.2) DSU 1300, 1302 n. 2061
relationship between DSU 23.1 and 23.2 DSU 1299?a href="dsu_09_e.htm#1300">300
US ?Clove Cigarettes (Panel), WT/DS406/R
competence of panels and AB (DSU 3.2/DSU 11/DSU 17), comp閠ence de la comp閠ence/obligation to address jurisdictional issues [on own motion] DSU 366
identification of specific measures (DSU 6.2), identification of product, need for DSU 232
interim review (DSU 15), timing of comments on report DSU 773
搃nternational standards ?as a basis for technical regulation?(TBT 2.4/Annex 1), explanation of justification on request (TBT 2.5), 搖pon the request?TBT 71
interpretation of covered agreements, rules relating to including VCLT provisions
揳ny subsequent agreement ?regarding its interpretation or application?(VCLT 31(3)(a)) DSU 1580
Doha Declaration, whether DSU 1580
context (VCLT 31(2)), 揳ny agreement relating to ?made in connection with the conclusion厰 (VCLT 31(2)(a)), minor exceptions doctrine TBT 100?a href="tbt_01_e.htm#101">1
object and purpose
preamble as evidence of TBT 7
TBT 2.8 TBT 80
same or closely related phrases in different agreements, Enabling Clause (EC 3(c)), SCM 27.4 and TBT 12.2 and 12.3 TBT 139
judicial economy, prior decision on another point rendering discussion otiose TBT 23
MFN treatment (TBT 2.1) TBT 16
搉ot more trade-restrictive than necessary?(TBT 2.2) distinguished TBT 32
multiple authentic languages, interpretation (VCLT 33), english, French and Spanish texts compared (TBT 2.9.2) TBT 101
notification procedures (TBT 2.9)
notification of proposed regulations (TBT 2.9.2)
French and Spanish texts compared TBT 101
as inherent obligation TBT 101
provision on request of copy of proposed regulation (TBT 2.9.3) distinguished TBT 101
provision on request of proposed regulation, timing (TBT 2.9.3) TBT 102
搒ignificant effect on trade of other members? (TBT 2.9 and 5.6) TBT 100 timing TBT 101
搖rgent problems ?arise or threaten to arise? (TBT 22.10) and TBT 103
publication of technical regulations/entry into force (TBT 2.12), 搑easonable interval? TBT 107
relationships within and between agreements
GATT III:4/TBT 2.1 TBT 19
GATT XX/TBT 2.1 TBT 21
GATT XX/TBT 2.2 TBT 37?a href="tbt_01_e.htm#38">8
SPS 5.6 and footnote 3/TBT 2.2 TBT 39
SPS 10.1/TBT 12.3 SPS 389, TBT 138
SPS/TBT 1.5 TBT 14
SPS/TBT SPS 286
TBT 2.1/TBT 2.2 TBT 32
TBT 2.2/TBT 12.3 TBT 136
TBT 2.9/TBT 2.10 TBT 103
special and differential treatment (SPS 10), obligation to 搕ake account of?special needs of developing countries (SPS 10.1), 搕ake account of? TBT 140?a href="tbt_02_e.htm#141">1
special and differential treatment (TBT 12)
搉ot more trade-restrictive than necessary to fulfil a legitimate objective?obligation (TBT 2.2) distinguished TBT 136
搒pecial development, financial and trade needs? (TBT 12.2 and 12.3), Enabling Clause (EC 3(c)) and SCM 27.4 compared TBT 139
SPS Agreement, TBT Agreement, applicability to (TBT 1.5) TBT 14
TBT Agreement
object and purpose (preamble)
as aid to interpreting TBT Agreement TBT 7
avoidance of unnecessary obstacles to trade/regulatory autonomy, functional approach to requirements (TBT 2.8) and TBT 76
technical regulations (TBT 2/Annex 1.1)
functional approach to (TBT 2.8) TBT 76?a href="tbt_01_e.htm#79">9
interpretation in accordance with terms, context, object and purpose TBT 80
specificity, relevance TBT 80
test for determining compliance with TBT 79
搘herever appropriate? TBT 77?a href="tbt_01_e.htm#79">9
burden of proof TBT 78
MFN treatment (TBT 2.1) TBT 16
搉ot more trade-restrictive than necessary to fulfil a legitimate objective?(TBT 2.2)
availability of less trade-restrictive alternative TBT 26
burden of proof TBT 28
揻or this purpose?/interrelationship between first and second sentences TBT 33?a href="tbt_01_e.htm#34">4
functional approach to (TBT 2.8) and TBT 76
搇egitimate objective?/p>
multiple objectives TBT 42
as starting point for analysis TBT 41
搉ecessary?/p>
GATT XX and TBT 37
SPS 5.6 footnote 3 and TBT 39
special account of needs of developing countries (TBT 12) distinguished TBT 136
TBT 2.1 (MFN treatment) distinguished TBT 32
two-step analysis TBT 30
publication of regulations/entry into force (TBT 2.12), 搑easonable interval? TBT 107
US ?Continued Suspension (Panel), WT/DS320/AB/R, DSR 2008:X
conformity of laws, regulations and administrative procedures with WTO obligations, obligation to ensure (WTO XVI:4), suspension of concessions (DSU 22) and WTO 289
identification of specific measures (DSU 6.2), identification of each challenged measure DSU 189
sunset review (AD 11.3) (including 搇ikelihood? test), zeroing and AD 771
suspension of concessions for non-implementation of DSB recommendations and rulings (DSU 22)
conformity of measure with WTO obligation, obligation to ensure (WTO XVI:4) WTO 289
as temporary measure (DSU 22.8) WTO 289
搝eroing?(AD 9.3/GATT VI:2), sunset reviews (AD 13.3) and AD 771
US ?Continued Zeroing (AB), WT/DS350/AB/R
competence of panels and AB (DSU 3.2/DSU 11/DSU 17), comp閠ence de la comp閠ence/obligation to address jurisdictional issues [on own motion] DSU 1420
conformity of laws, regulations and administrative procedures with AD obligations, obligation to ensure (AD 18.4), legislation 揳s such?and, zeroing procedures and AD 145
consultation and dispute settlement (AD 17), legal basis for consultation/claim (AD 17.3/AD 17.4), 搈easure?(AD 17.4), continued zeroing AD 896
customary international law rules of interpretation [as codified in the VCLT] as applicable law, AD 17.6(ii) AD 931?a href="anti_dumping_04_e.htm#933">3
evidence, acceptability as for 搊bjective assessment?(DSU 11) purposes
circumstantial evidence DSU 635
factual findings in previous disputes DSU 631
identification of specific measures (DSU 6.2), establishment of existence of measures distinguished DSU 188
information or technical advice, panel抯 right to seek (DSU 13.1/SPS 11.2), discretion not to seek DSU 759
interpretation of covered agreements, applicable law, customary rules of interpretation of public international law [as codified in VCLT] AD 931
interpretation of covered agreements, rules relating to including VCLT provisions
effectiveness principle (ut res magis valeat quam pereat/effet utile) AD 931
multiple permissible interpretations AD 931?a href="anti_dumping_04_e.htm#933">3
as a whole/holistic/harmonious exercise AD 931, DSU 1540
legislation as such, right to challenge (WTO XVI:4)
claims 揳s such?vs claims 揳s applied? relevance of distinction DSU 277
搈easures at issue?(DSU 6.2), claims 揳s such?vs claims 揳s applied? relevance of distinction DSU 277
搈easures at issue?(DSU 6.2)
continued zeroing AD 145, 896?a href="anti_dumping_04_e.htm#897">7
prospective measure DSU 261
notice of appeal, requirements (ABWP 20(2)(d)), failure to meet, consequences, error relating to jurisdiction DSU 1420
prompt and satisfactory settlement (DSU 3.3), impairment of benefits by measures taken by another Member (DSU 3.3), 揗ember considers? DSU 70
public observation of oral hearing / 損assive participation?(ABWP 27(3)), methodology DSU 1451
request for establishment of panel, requirements (DSU 6.2), 搒ufficient to present the problem clearly? DSU 188?a href="dsu_03_e.htm#189">9
standard/powers of review (AB) (issues of law and legal interpretations) (DSU 17.6)
completion of the legal analysis in case of, contentiousness/ omission/insufficiency of facts DSU 879?a href="dsu_07_e.htm#880">80
excess of jurisdiction, in absence of claim by party DSU 1420
standard/powers of review (panel) (AD 17.6), interpretation of relevant provisions of AD (AD 17.6(ii)), 揳dmits of more than one permissible interpretation? AD 9313
standard/powers of review (panel) (DSU 11), 搊bjective assessment of the facts?/alleged disregard or distortion of the evidence, circumstantial evidence DSU 635
terms of reference of panels (DSU 7), request for establishment of panel as basis DSU 188
搝eroing?(AD 9.3/GATT VI:2)
administrative reviews and GATT 466
legislation 揳s such?(AD 18.4) and AD 145
as 搈easure?(AD 17.4) AD 145, 896
US ?Continued Zeroing (Panel), WT/DS350/R
information or technical advice, panel抯 right to seek (DSU 13.1/SPS 11.2), 揻rom any individual or body? parties DSU 751
搈easures at issue?(DSU 6.2)
claims 揳s such?vs claims 揳s applied? relevance of distinction DSU 277
prospective measure DSU 261
US ?Corrosion-Resistant Steel Sunset Review (AB), WT/DS244/AB/R and Corr.1, DSR 2004:I
competence of panels and AB (DSU 3.2/DSU 11/DSU 17), 揷larification of existing provisions? DSU 298
conformity of laws, regulations and administrative procedures with AD obligations, obligation to ensure (AD 18.4)
classification as law, regulation or administrative procedure, applicability of WTO law AD 970 n. 1324
dispute settlement procedures (AD 17) and AD 970
dispute settlement procedures, applicability to AD 970
搇aws, regulations and administrative procedures? normative value as determining factor DSU 264, 281?a href="dsu_03_e.htm#283">3, 287
consultation and dispute settlement (AD 17), special or additional rule and procedure (DSU 1.2 and Appendix 2), whether DSU 14
domestic law, interpretation of covered agreements, relevance to DSU 1624
interpretation of covered agreements, rules relating to including VCLT provisions, same or closely related phrases in same agreement, AD 11.2/AD 11.3 AD 783
legislation as such, right to challenge (WTO XVI:4)
analysis of legislation for purposes of DSU 280
mandatory/discretionary legislation, distinguishability
rejection/non-endorsement of doctrine DSU 299?a href="dsu_03_e.htm#300">300
relevance AD 881?a href="anti_dumping_04_e.htm#882">2
normative value as determining factor DSU 264, 281?a href="dsu_03_e.htm#282">2, 287
security and predictability of WTO obligations (DSU 3.2) and DSU 45, 281
搈easures at issue?(DSU 6.2)
any act or omission attributable to a Member DSU 242?a href="dsu_03_e.htm#243">3, 271
搈easure taken by another Member?(DSU 3.3) DSU 241
national treatment, regulatory discrimination (GATT III:4), 搑equirements? non-mandatory measures GATT 352 n. 511
ordinary meaning of terms used in covered agreements
domestic law concepts, relevance DSU 1624
impairment of benefits by measures taken by another Member (DSU 3.3), 搈easure taken by another Member? DSU 241
prompt and satisfactory settlement (DSU 3.3), 搈easure taken by another Member? nexus DSU 241
relationships within and between agreements
AD 2.4/AD 11.3 AD 764
AD 18.4/SCM 32.5/WTO XVI:4 WTO 295
security and predictability of WTO obligations (DSU 3.2) DSU 281
right to challenge legislation as such (WTO XVI:4) and DSU 45, 281
special or additional rules and procedures (DSU 1.2 and Appendix 2), arrangements considered for classification as, AD 17 DSU 14
State responsibility as rule/general principle of international law (ILC Articles), responsibility for, act or omission of executive DSU 241?a href="dsu_03_e.htm#243">3
sunset review (AD 11.3) (including 搇ikelihood? test)
company-specific determination, need for AD 783
investigatory role of authorities AD 758?a href="anti_dumping_04_e.htm#759">9
mandatory rule/exception AD 755
methodology
absence of specific provision AD 763?a href="anti_dumping_04_e.htm#764">4, 783
AD 2.4 disciplines, applicability AD 764
dumping margins, relevance AD 763?a href="anti_dumping_04_e.htm#764">4
original investigation distinguished AD 757
損ositive evidence? need for, presumptions, exclusion AD 772?a href="anti_dumping_04_e.htm#774">4
US ?Corrosion-Resistant Steel Sunset Review (Panel), WT/DS244/R, DSR 2004:I
Anti-Dumping Agreement (AD), object and purpose, absence of specific provision/preamble AD 2
evidence (dumping investigation) (AD 6)
due process as underlying principle, balance of interests considerations AD 443
揻acts available? right of resort to (AD 6.8/Annex II), time杔imits, right to set (AD 6.1.1), sunset reviews and AD 443
interpretation of covered agreements, rules relating to including VCLT provisions, same or closely related phrases in different agreements, cross-referencing, role AD 790, 797
investigation of dumping (AD 5)/subsidy (SCM 11)
rejection of application (AD 5.8), de minimis test, sunset review (AD 11.3), applicability to AD 793?a href="anti_dumping_04_e.htm#795">5
self-initiation (AD 5.6), sunset review (AD 11.3), applicability of rules to AD 789?a href="anti_dumping_04_e.htm#790">90
legislation as such, right to challenge (WTO XVI:4), policy document, whether (US Sunset Policy Bulletin) GATT 555
搈easures at issue?(DSU 6.2), 損ractice? as DSU 270
publication and administration of trade regulations (GATT X), uniform, impartial and reasonable administration (GATT X:3(a)), 搒hall administer?/applicability to substantive rule GATT 555, 565
relationships within and between agreements
AD 5.6/AD 11.3 AD 789?a href="anti_dumping_04_e.htm#790">90
AD 5.8/AD 11.3 AD 793?, 798?a href="anti_dumping_04_e.htm#799">9
AD 6.1 and 6.2/AD 11.4 AD 443
AD 17.6/SCM 30 SCM 704
standard/powers of Review (AB) (issues of law and legal interpretations) (DSU 17.6)
applicability to covered agreements other than AD Agreement AD 1014
de minimis test (AD 5.8), applicability AD 793?a href="anti_dumping_04_e.htm#795">5, 797
methodology, absence of specific provision AD 762
non-applicability to covered agreements other than AD Agreement including the SCM and SPS Agreements SCM 704
損ositive evidence? need for AD 759, 760
sunset review (AD 11.3) (including 搇ikelihood? test), self-initiation, applicability of AD 5.6 evidentiary standards AD 789?a href="anti_dumping_04_e.htm#790">90
US ?Cotton Yarn (AB), WT/DS192/AB/R, DSR 2001:XII ATC 101
competence of panels and AB (DSU 3.2/DSU 11/DSU 17)
搈ay uphold, modify or reverse?legal findings (DSU 17.13), 搈oot?/ 搊f no legal effect?finding DSU 895
搈ay uphold, modify or reverse?panel findings (DSU 17.13) DSU 895
directly competitive or substitutable products (GATT III:2)
criteria
interchangeability ATC 45
potential to compete as determining factor ATC 45
good faith (including pacta sunt servanda principle (VCLT 26)), as fundamental rule of treaty interpretation/performance DSU 1503 n. 2316, 1504
interpretation of covered agreements, rules relating to including VCLT provisions, same or closely related phrases in different agreements, GATT III:2/ATC 6.2 ATC 43
legal status of panel reports, 搈oot?/ 搊f no legal effect?finding DSU 895
搈easures at issue?(DSU 6.2), measure in existence at time of establishment of panel, limitation to, evidence of measure and measure distinguished DSU 256 n. 378
搊bjective assessment of matter before it? reasoned and adequate explanation (SG 4.2(a)) and SG 152
ordinary meaning of terms used in covered agreements, 揷ompetitive?(ATC 6.2) ATC 44
proportionality
attribution of damage (ATC 6.4) ATC 65
countermeasures ATC 63
safeguard measures (ATC 6.4) and ATC 63
State responsibility and ATC 63, DSU 1674 n. 2617, 1696
relationships within and between agreements
ATC 6.4, possible findings under ATC 60
GATT III:2/ATC 6.2 ATC 42?a href="textiles_02_e.htm#43">3
standard/powers of review (panel) (DSU 11)
搊bjective assessment of the facts? de novo review, exclusion ATC 25, 101, SG 152
搊bjective assessment of the facts?/alleged disregard or distortion of the evidence, evidence available to Member at time of ATC determination, limitation to ATC 25, DSU 629
relevant factors, position of Member at time of determination ATC 25
State responsibility as rule/general principle of international law (ILC Articles), countermeasures DSU 1674 n. 2617
suspension of concessions for non-implementation of DSB recommendations and rulings (DSU 22), level equivalent to nullification or impairment (DSU 22.4), proportionality and ATC 63
transitional safeguards (ATC 6)
attribution of damage from 搒harp and substantial increase in imports?/criteria (ATC 6.4) ATC 21, 31, 57?a href="textiles_02_e.htm#65">65, 65, DSU 1696
comparative analysis ATC 61?a href="textiles_02_e.htm#65">5
methodology ATC 65
reasons for requiring ATC 62?a href="textiles_02_e.htm#64">4
揻rom a Member or Members individually? ATC 58
relevant factors (ATC 6.3) ATC 21, 31
serious damage or actual threat of (ATC 6.2) ATC 21
揹irectly competitive?/p>
GATT III:2, applicability ATC 43
proximity of relationship, relevance ATC 44?a href="textiles_02_e.htm#45">5
揹omestic industry producing like and/or directly competitive products?/p>
揳nd/or? ATC 47?a href="textiles_02_e.htm#48">8
captive production ATC 46
損roducing? ATC 41
product-oriented definition ATC 40
due diligence review (DSU 11), available evidence, limitation to ATC 25, DSU 629
US ?Cotton Yarn (Panel), WT/DS192/R, DSR 2001:XII
determination of injury (AD 3), domestic production of like product, assessment of effect on (AD 3.6), sectoral analysis, right to AD 289
implementation of panel or AB recommendations (DSU 19.1), panel抯 discretionary suggestions DSU 959
panel reports, high quality/flexibility of panel procedures balance (DSU 12.2) DSU 695
relationships within and between agreements, GATT/ATC WTO 23
transitional safeguards (ATC 6)
attribution of damage from 搒harp and substantial increase in imports?(ATC 6.4) (ATC 6.4), 搒harp and substantial increase in imports? ATC 59
attribution of damage from 搒harp and substantial increase in imports?(ATC 6.4)/criteria, 揻rom a Member or Members individually? ATC 60
serious damage or actual threat of (ATC 6.2)
investigation period, length ATC 38
搊r actual threat of? ATC 36
搒erious damage? change of equipment, whether ATC 37
WTO Agreement, as single undertaking (WTO II:2), common context WTO 23
US ?Countervailing Duty Investigation on DRAMS (AB), WT/ DS296/AB/R, DSR 2005:XVI
consultations (DSU 4), addendum to original request DSU 150
determination of injury (SCM 15), causal relationship between subsidized imports and injury to domestic injury (SCM 15.5 and footnote 47), non-attribution of other factors SCM 445
evidence, acceptability as for 搊bjective assessment?(DSU 11) purposes, circumstantial evidence DSU 634
evidence (countervailing duty investigation) (SCM 12), standard of review (investigating authority) SCM 579?a href="subsidies_04_e.htm#580">80
notice of appeal, requirements (ABWP 20(2)(d))
claims and arguments distinguished DSU 1413
statement of allegation of error on issues of law/legal interpretations (ABWP 20(2)(d)), generic statement, sufficiency DSU 1414
損ublic body?(SCM 1.1(a)(i)), 損rivate body? attempt to distinguish (SCM 1.1(a)(1)(iv)) SCM 17 n. 28
SCM Agreement, object and purpose (SCM 1), balanced framework of rights and obligations relating to countervailing duties SCM 8
standard/powers of review (panel) (DSU 11)
搊bjective assessment of the facts?/alleged disregard or distortion of the evidence
circumstantial evidence DSU 634
reasoned and adequate explanation requirement and VAL 5
subsidy, definition (SCM 1.1(a)(1)) (financial contribution), 損rivate body?(SCM 1.1(a)(1)(iv)), government entrustment or direction, effect SCM 51?a href="subsidies_01_e.htm#54">4
US ?Countervailing Duty Investigation on DRAMS (Panel), WT/DS296/R
determination of injury (SCM 15)
揳ll relevant economic factors?(SCM 15.4) SCM 439
domestic industry definition (SCM 16), relevance SCM 442
causal relationship between subsidized imports and injury to domestic injury (SCM 15.5 and footnote 47)
non-attribution of other factors SCM 448, 449
identity of AD 3.5 provisions/applicability of jurisprudence relating to SCM 445?a href="subsidies_03_e.htm#446">6
identity of AD 3 provisions/applicability of jurisprudence relating to SCM 421, 445
損ositive evidence?/ 搊bjective examination? requirement (SCM 15.1)
搊bjective examination? SCM 421?a href="subsidies_03_e.htm#422">2
as underlying principle SCM 421
price effect determination (SCM 15.2)
non-attribution of factors other than subject imports SCM 434
price undercutting SCM 433, 435?a href="subsidies_03_e.htm#436">6
existence vs cause of SCM 435
significant increase in subsidized imports (SCM 15.2) SCM 429?a href="subsidies_03_e.htm#430">30
underlying principles (SCM 15.1) and SCM 422
揹omestic injury?(SCM 16), determination of injury (SCM 15) and SCM 422
evidence (countervailing duty investigation) (SCM 12), on-the-spot verification (SCM 12.6 and Annex VI) SCM 387, 679
interpretation of covered agreements, rules relating to including VCLT provisions, text/plain language (VCLT 31(2)) SCM 433
subsidy, definition (SCM 1.1(a)(1)) (financial contribution)
損rivate body?(SCM 1.1(a)(1)(iv)) SCM 17 n. 28
損ublic body? classification as, 損rivate body?(SCM 1.1(a)(iv)), difficulty of distinguishing SCM 17 n. 28
US ?Countervailing Measures on Certain EC Products (AB), WT/DS212/AB/R, DSR 2003:I
AB procedures (DSU 17.9 and ABWP)
appellant抯 submission (ABWP 21), grounds for allegation of specific errors (ABWP 21:2) DSU 1433
揳ppropriate procedure for the purpose of that appeal only?(ABWP 16(1)) DSU 1423
anti-dumping and countervailing duties (GATT VI) including interrelationship with AD Agreement, calculation of subsidies (GATT VI:3/SCM 19.4) GATT 471
conformity of laws, regulations and administrative procedures with SCM Agreement (SCM 32.5) WTO 293, SCM 598
countervailing duties (SCM Part V), calculation of countervailing duty / 搉ot in excess?(SCM 19.4), nexus, need for, GATT VI:3 and GATT 471
domestic law, interpretation of covered agreements, relevance to DSU 1623
due process (dispute settlement proceedings)
notice of appeal (ABWP 20(2)(d)) and DSU 1408
opportunity to defend oneself DSU 1408
implementation of panel or AB recommendations (DSU 19.1)
choice of means at authorities?discretion (DSU 21.3) DSU 984
panel抯 decision not to make suggestions DSU 981
legislation as such, right to challenge (WTO XVI:4)
mandatory/discretionary legislation, distinguishability rejection/non-endorsement of doctrine DSU 298, 300 n. 483
relevance WTO 293
notice of appeal, requirements (ABWP 20(2)(d))
amendment (WBWP 23 bis)/clarification DSU 1423
demonstration of need for DSU 1439
clear allegation of panel抯 failure to make objective assessment (DSU 11) DSU 1428
due process and DSU 1408
failure to meet, preliminary ruling on DSU 1423
statement of allegation of error on issues of law/legal interpretations (ABWP 20(2)(d)) DSU 1423
paragraph numbers/extracts from panel report, sufficiency DSU 1423, 1425
statement of grounds (ABWP 21:2) DSU 1433
as trigger for appeal process (ABWP 20(1)) DSU 1408
ordinary meaning of terms used in covered agreements, domestic law concepts, relevance DSU 1623
preliminary rulings on, compliance with ABWP 20(2)(d) DSU 1423
relationships within and between agreements, AD 18.4/SCM 32.5/ WTO XVI:4 WTO 293, SCM 598
standard/powers of review (panel) (DSU 11), DSU 11 (function of panel) claims and claims relating to substantive provisions distinguished DSU 1429
US ?Countervailing Measures on Certain EC Products (Panel), WT/DS212/R, DSR 2003:I
conformity of laws, regulations and administrative procedures with SCM Agreement (SCM 32.5) WTO 292, SCM 597
countervailing duties (SCM Part V)
compliance with GATT VI:3 and SCM Agreement (SCM 10), calculation of subsidies GATT 471
揷ountervailing duty?(SCM 10 footnote 36), 搊ffsetting?requirement SCM 354
domestic law, interpretation of covered agreements, relevance to DSU 1623
implementation of panel or AB recommendations (DSU 19.1), panel抯 decision not to make suggestions DSU 977
legal basis of claim / 揷laim?/ 搈atter referred?(DSU 6.2/7.1), identification of treaty provisions DSU 1146
legislation as such, right to challenge (WTO XVI:4), mandatory/ discretionary legislation, distinguishability, relevance WTO 292
ordinary meaning of terms used in covered agreements, domestic law concepts, relevance DSU 1623
relationships within and between agreements, AD 18.4/SCM 32.5/WTO XVI:4 WTO 292, SCM 597
US ?Countervailing Measures on Certain EC Products (Article 21.5 ?EC) (Panel), WT/DS212/RW, DSR 2005:XVII
competence of panels and AB (DSU 3.2/DSU 11/DSU 17), comp閠ence de la comp閠ence/obligation to address jurisdictional issues [on own motion] DSU 1126
搈easures at issue?(DSU 6.2), 搈easures taken to comply?(DSU 21.5) and DSU 1126, 1146
relationships within and between agreements, DSU 6.2/DSU 21.5 DSU 1126, 1146
request for establishment of panel, requirements (DSU 6.2), compliance, importance of, subsequent cure of defect, exclusion DSU 1145
review of implementation of DSB rulings (DSU 21.5)
competence of DSU 21.5 (compliance) panel, own motion obligation to examine fundamental issues DSU 1126
DSU 6.2 procedures, applicability, 搈easures at issue?(DSU 6.2) DSU 1126, 1146
搈easures taken to comply?/p>
fundamental nature DSU 1126
redeterminations DSU 1116
US ?Customs Bond Directive (Panel), WT/DS345/R, DSR 2008:VIII
anti-dumping duties, imposition and collection (AD 9), 揹uties?(AD 9/SCM 19), bonds distinguished AD 656, SCM 459
conformity of laws, regulations and administrative procedures with AD obligations, obligation to ensure (AD 18.4), notification of laws and regulations (AD 18.5), US Customs Bond Directive AD 974, SCM 599
conformity of laws, regulations and administrative procedures with SCM obligations, obligation to ensure (SCM 32.5), notification of changes to laws and regulations (SCM 32.6) AD 974, SCM 599
provisional measures (AD 7), 搉ot in excess of? (AD 7.2) AD 649
US ?Customs User Fee (GATT Panel), L/6264, BISD 35S/245, fees and formalities connected with importation and exportation (GATT VIII) GATT 499
US ?DRAMS (Panel), WT/DS99/R, DSR 1999:II
Anti-Dumping Agreement (AD)
applicability (AD 18.3)
pre-/post-WTO reviews AD 966
搑eviews of existing measures? AD 965
anti-dumping duties, duration and review (AD 11)
AD 11.1 as general principle underlying AD 11.2 and 3 AD 735
搃njury?(AD 3 footnote 9) AD 747, 751
搇ikely to lead to continuation or recurrence? (AD 11.2)
probability, need for AD 749
sunset review (AD 11.3) and AD 749
搉ecessary to offset dumping?(AD 11.2) AD 739, 741?a href="anti_dumping_04_e.htm#746">6
necessity (AD 11.1) and AD 739, 741
standard of proof AD 745, SCM 494
sunset review (AD 11.3) and AD 742?a href="anti_dumping_04_e.htm#743">3, 743
necessity (AD 11.1) AD 735?a href="anti_dumping_04_e.htm#737">7
搉o-dumping?finding (AD 11.2), timing of revocation of anti-dumping duty AD 743
搘arranted?(AD 11.2) AD 750?a href="anti_dumping_04_e.htm#751">1
anti-dumping duties, imposition and collection (AD 9), assessment (AD 9.3), de minimis test, AD 5.8 distinguished AD 402, 671?a href="anti_dumping_03_e.htm#673">3
burden of proof (general rules), onus probandi actori incumbit AD 51
determination of dumping (AD 2)
cost data (AD 2.2.1.1)
burden of proof AD 51
搃n accordance with generally accepting accounting principles? AD 47
搑easonably reflect costs?requirement AD 47
records kept by the exporter or producer under investigation, limitation to AD 47
evidence (dumping investigation) (AD 6), accuracy of information, authorities?obligation to satisfy themselves (AD 6.6), 搒atisfy themselves? AD 520
implementation of panel or AB recommendations (DSU 19.1), panel抯 decision not to make suggestions DSU 968
interpretation of covered agreements, rules relating to including VCLT provisions, effectiveness principle (ut res magis valeat quam pereat/effet utile) AD 742?a href="anti_dumping_04_e.htm#743">3
investigation of dumping (AD 5)/subsidy (SCM 11)
rejection of application (AD 5.8)
揷ases? anti-dumping duty assessment (AD 9.3), relevance AD 401?a href="anti_dumping_02_e.htm#402">2
de minimis test
anti-dumping duty assessment (AD 9.3) distinguished AD 402, 671?a href="anti_dumping_03_e.htm#673">3
function/obligation to use AD 402
judicial economy, prior decision on another point rendering discussion otiose AD 749
legislation as such, right to challenge (WTO XVI:4), mandatory/ discretionary legislation, distinguishability, assessment of mandatory nature AD 879, DSU 292
搈easures at issue?(DSU 6.2), any act or omission attributable to a Member DSU 243 n. 349
publication and administration of trade regulations (GATT X), Anti-Dumping Agreement and GATT 595
relationships within and between agreements
AD 3 footnote 9/Ad 11.2 AD 747, 751
AD 3.5/AD 11.2 AD 751
AD 5.8/AD 9.3 AD 401?a href="anti_dumping_02_e.htm#402">2, 671?a href="anti_dumping_03_e.htm#673">3
AD 11.1/AD 11.2 AD 739
AD 11.2/AD 11.3 AD 742?a href="anti_dumping_04_e.htm#743">3, 749
AD 11.2/AD 11.3 footnote 22 AD 743
AD 11.2/GATT I and X GATT 595
AD 18.3/SCM 32.3 GATT 451 n. 647, AD 965, 1011
State responsibility for acts or omissions of, executive DSU 240 n. 349
sunset review (AD 11.3) (including 搇ikelihood? test), duration and review of anti-dumping duties (AD 11.2) and AD 749
US ?Export Restraints (Panel), WT/DS194/R and Corr.2, DSR 2001:XI
interpretation of covered agreements, rules relating to including VCLT provisions, object and purpose, caution in use of DSU 1570
legislation as such, right to challenge (WTO XVI:4)
mandatory/discretionary legislation, distinguishability AD 880 n. 1188, SCM 71
assessment of mandatory nature DSU 294
損ractice? AD 883
搈easures at issue?(DSU 6.2)
independent operational status test AD 883, 885, DSU 266, 267
損ractice?as DSU 267
order of analysis, mandatory/discretionary nature of legislation/ substance DSU 294, 295
preparatory work (VCLT 32), SCM Agreement (SCM 1) SCM 12
SCM Agreement, object and purpose (SCM 1), multilateral disciplines on subsidies distorting international trade SCM 3
subsidy, definition (SCM 1.1(a)(1)) (financial contribution)
conferral of benefit (SCM 1.1(b)) as parallel requirement SCM 10
payments to a funding mechanism (SCM 1.1(a)(1)(iv)) SCM 12
preparatory work (VCLT 32), SCM 1.1(a)(1) SCM 12, 14
transactions not qualifying as SCM 14
transfer of economic resources from grantor to recipient for less than full consideration SCM 12
subsidy, definition (SCM 1.1(b)) (conferral of benefit), subsidy programmes as such, right to challenge (mandatory/ discretionary distinction), order of analysis SCM 72 n. 140, 73 n. 141
US ?FSC dispute (WT/DS108)
搒equencing?(interrelationship between Article 21.5 and Article 22.6 arbitration, ad hoc procedural agreements)
direct recourse to Article 22 DSU 1164
withdrawal of Article 22 arbitration request DSU 1163
US ?FSC (AB), WT/DS108/AB/R, DSR 2000:III and DSR 2000:IV
AB procedures (DSU 17.9 and ABWP), timetable, modification in exceptional circumstances (ABWP 16(2)) DSU 1390
agricultural concessions and commitments (AG 3)
export subsidies, prohibition (AG 3.3)
scheduled and unscheduled products distinguished AG 31
applicability of AG 9.1 to both AG 31?a href="agriculture_01_e.htm#32">2
consultations (SCM 4.1?)
accelerated/expedited procedures (ABWP 31), effect SCM 197
搒tatement of available evidence?(SCM 4.2) SCM 197
DSU 4.4 distinguished SCM 197
evidence of nature as subsidy, need for SCM 197
failure to submit, effect SCM 196
double taxation measures, justification (Illustrative List, SCM Annex I (item (e)) footnote 59)
applicable law/Member抯 right to determine applicable rules SCM 605, 608
揻oreign-source income? SCM 159?a href="subsidies_01_e.htm#160">60, 608
export subsidy commitments (AG 9)
costs of marketing exports (AG 9.1(d))
general business costs distinguished AG 108
income tax, whether AG 108
export subsidy commitments, prevention of circumvention (AG 10)
AG 3.3 prohibition on export subsidies and AG 32, 116
揺xport subsidies ?applied in a manner which results in, or which threatens to lead to, circumvention 厰 (AG 10.1)
揷ircumvention?/p>
scheduled and unscheduled products distinguished AG 116
threat of circumvention, sufficiency AG 112
揺xport subsidy commitments? AG 110
tax exemption, discretionary nature/legal right AG 114
揺xport subsidy?(AG 1(3)/SCM 1.1 and 3.1) AG 16?a href="agriculture_01_e.htm#17">17
export subsidy, definition (AG 1(e)) AG 12
揷ontingent upon export performance? AG 14?a href="agriculture_01_e.htm#15">15
export subsidy, prohibited (SCM, Part II)
揷ontingent upon export performance?(SCM 3.1(a)) (general) AG 14?a href="agriculture_01_e.htm#15">15
GATT XVI:4 distinguished SCM 100
GATT 1947/WTO continuity
揹ecisions?(WTO XVI:1/GATT 1(b)(iv)), classification as
GATT 1947 Council decisions WTO 278
GATT Council Understanding on tax legislation (1981) SCM 99?a href="subsidies_01_e.htm#100">100
panel reports (adopted) SCM 100
incorporation of GATT 1947 provisions into WTO Agreement WTO 20
搇egal instruments?(GATT 1994 1(b)), 損rotocols and certifications relating to tariff concessions?(GATT 1994, 1(b)(i) and 1(d)) GATT 5
GATT 1994
constituent elements (GATT 1994, Art. 1)
搊ther decisions of the Contracting Parties to GATT 1947?(Art. 1(b)(iv))
adopted panel reports, whether SCM 99?a href="subsidies_01_e.htm#100">100
panel reports, GATT Council decision adopting GATT 11 GATT 1994, constituent elements
(GATT 1994, Art. 1), 搊ther decisions of the Contracting Parties to GATT 1947?(Art. 1(b)(iv)), adopted panel reports, whether SCM 99?a href="subsidies_01_e.htm#100">100
good faith engagement in dispute settlement procedures (DSU 3.10)
prompt challenge to deficient procedures SCM 196, DSU 113
tactics and manoeuvres to avoid, exclusion DSU 113
good faith (including pacta sunt servanda principle (VCLT 26))
as fundamental rule of treaty interpretation/performance DSU 113
as general principle of international law SCM 196
as general principle of law SCM 196
identification of specific measures (DSU 6.2), identification of product, need for DSU 230
Illustrative List of Export Subsidies (SCM Annex I)
remission or deferral of direct taxes (item (e))
deferral not amounting to export subsidy (footnote 59) SCM 158
third and fourth sentences as remedies SCM 160
social welfare charges (item (e)) footnote 59, relevance SCM 97?a href="subsidies_01_e.htm#98">8
income tax, marketing cost, whether AG 108
international law / 搑elevant rules of international law?(VCLT 31 (3)(c)) with particular reference to the interpretation of covered agreements (DSU 3(2)), good faith as SCM 196
interpretation of covered agreements, responsibility for authoritative (WTO IX:2), 揳uthoritative? interpretation and interpretation in dispute settlement distinguished WTO 200
interpretation of covered agreements, rules relating to including VCLT provisions
揳ny subsequent practice ?which establishes the agreement of the parties regarding its interpretation?(VCLT 31(3)(b)), GATT decisions including adoption of panel reports WTO 278, SCM 100
context (VCLT 31(2)), title AG 31
dictionaries AG 108
same or closely related phrases in different agreements, AG 1(e)/SCM 3.1(a) AG 14
legal status of panel reports
搊ther decisions of the Contracting Parties to GATT 1947?(GATT 1994 1(b)(iv)), GATT Council decision adopting GATT 11
搊ther decisions of the Contracting Parties to GATT 1947?(GATT 1994 1(b)(iv)), whether SCM 99?a href="subsidies_01_e.htm#100">100
payments on export of agricultural product financed by virtue of governmental action (AG 9.1(c)), applicability to scheduled and unscheduled commitments (AG 3.3) AG 31?a href="agriculture_01_e.htm#32">2
Permanent Group of Experts (PGE), panel抯 right to establish (SCM 4.5) SCM 197
prompt and satisfactory settlement (DSU 3.3) DSU 345
Working Procedures (AB) and SCM 196
relationships within and between agreements
AG 3.3/AG 9.1 AG 31?a href="agriculture_01_e.htm#32">2
GATT XVI:4/SCM 1.1(a) and 3.1(a) GATT 716, SCM 100
SCM 1.1/SCM footnote 1 and footnote 59 SCM 97?a href="subsidies_01_e.htm#98">8
SCM 1.1/WTO XVI SCM 99?a href="subsidies_01_e.htm#100">100
special or additional rules and procedures (DSU 1.2 and Appendix 2), arrangements considered for classification as, SCM 4.2 (consultations) SCM 197, DSU 19
standard/powers of Review (AB) (issues of law and legal interpretations) (DSU 17.6)
issues not litigated before Panel SCM 160
subsidy, definition (SCM 1), footnote 1 and footnote 59, relevance SCM 97?a href="subsidies_01_e.htm#98">8
subsidy, definition (SCM 1.1(a)(1)) (financial contribution)
foregoing of revenues otherwise due (SCM 1.1(a)(1)(ii))
national tax rules as normative benchmark SCM 32
搊therwise due?/basis of comparison (揵ut for?test) SCM 32
withdrawal of appeal (ABWP 30), withdrawal and re-filing of appeal, for scheduling reasons DSU 1470
Working Procedures, fair, prompt and effective settlement as objective DSU 113
WTO Agreement, as single undertaking (WTO II:2) WTO 20
US ?FSC (Panel), WT/DS108/R, DSR 2000:III and DSR 2000:IV
consultations (DSU 4)
notification of request for (DSU 4.4), statement of available evidence (SCM 4.2), relevance DSU 171
as prerequisite to establishment of panel/requirement to indicate whether held (DSU 6.2) DSU 171
consultations (SCM 4.1?)
搒tatement of available evidence?(SCM 4.2) SCM 197
explicit reference, relevance SCM 195
ordinary meaning SCM 195
export subsidy commitments (AG 9)
costs of marketing exports (AG 9.1(d))
general business costs distinguished AG 108
income tax, whether AG 108
export subsidy commitments, prevention of circumvention (AG 10), burden of proof (AG 10.3), scheduled products, limitation to AG 127
GATT 1947/WTO continuity
decisions, procedures and customary practices under GATT 1947 (WTO XVI:1) (GATT acquis), WTO XVI:1 and GATT 1994 1(b) distinguished WTO 282
揹ecisions?(WTO XVI:1/GATT 1(b)(iv)), classification as, GATT Council Understanding on tax legislation (1981) SCM 99?a href="subsidies_01_e.htm#100">100
GATT 1994, constituent elements (GATT 1994, Art. 1)
搊ther decisions of the Contracting Parties to GATT 1947?(Art. 1(b)(iv))
adopted panel reports, whether SCM 99?a href="subsidies_01_e.htm#100">100
搇egal instruments?(WTO Annex 1A, 1(b)) SCM 99?a href="subsidies_01_e.htm#100">100
identification of specific measures (DSU 6.2), identification of product, need for DSU 230
interpretation of covered agreements, rules relating to including VCLT provisions, 揳ny subsequent practice ? which establishes the agreement of the parties regarding its interpretation?(VCLT 31(3)(b)), GATT decisions including adoption of panel reports WTO 278, SCM 100
legal status of panel reports, 搊ther decisions of the Contracting Parties to GATT 1947?(GATT 1994 1(b)(iv)), whether SCM 99?a href="subsidies_01_e.htm#100">100
ordinary meaning of terms used in covered agreements, 搒tatement of available evidence?(SCM 4.2) SCM 195
relationships within and between agreements
DSU 4.7/SCM 4.2 and 4.4 DSU 171
SCM 2.3/SCM 3 SCM 120
WTO XVI:1/GATT 1994 1(b) WTO 282
sovereignty, 搕ax sovereignty? DSU 1736
special or additional rules and procedures (DSU 1.2 and Appendix 2), 搒hall prevail?in case of a difference with DSU SCM 197
subsidy, definition (SCM 1.1(a)(1)) (financial contribution)
foregoing of revenues otherwise due (SCM 1.1(a)(1)(ii))
national tax rules as normative benchmark SCM 33
搊therwise due?/basis of comparison (揵ut for?test) SCM 33
US ?FSC (Article 21.5 ? EC) (AB), WT/DS108/AB/RW, DSR 2002:I
AB procedures (DSU 17.9 and ABWP)
timetable (ABWP 26), modification in exceptional circumstances (ABWP 16(2)) DSU 1390
written reponses (ABWP 28), requests for additional memoranda/submissions DSU 1464
double taxation measures, justification (Illustrative List, SCM Annex I (item (e)) footnote 59)
applicable law/Member抯 right to determine applicable rules SCM 607
international tax law principles SCM 610
burden of proof SCM 613
揻oreign-source income? SCM 609
design, structure and architecture of measures, relevance SCM 604, 606, 607
international tax law principles and SCM 610
nexus between income and activities in foreign State, need for SCM 611?a href="subsidies_05_e.htm#612">12
export subsidy, definition (AG 1(e)), 揷ontingent upon export performance? AG 16
export subsidy, prohibited (SCM, Part II)
揷ontingent upon export performance?(SCM 3.1(a)) (general)
揷ontingent? SCM 126
subsidy available to property produced either within or outside subsidizing State SCM 150?a href="subsidies_01_e.htm#152">2
GATS Agreement, 揳ffecting?(GATS I:1), GATT III:4 compared GATT 362
interpretation of covered agreements, rules relating to including VCLT provisions, international tax law principles SCM 610
national treatment, regulatory discrimination (GATT III:4)
揳ffecting? GATT 362
GATS 1:1 compared GATT 362
搇ess favourable treatment?/p>
formal differentiation in treatment, relevance GATT 379
market effect as test GATT 379
standard of proof GATS 131
ordinary meaning of terms used in covered agreements 搒tatement of available evidence?(SCM 4.2), 搒ource? (SCM footnote 59) SCM 604
preliminary rulings on, third party rights (DSU 10 and Appendix 3) DSU 506
relationships within and between agreements
DSU 6.2/DSU 21.5 DSU 354, 1151
GATT I/GATT III:4 GATT 362
GATT III:4/TRIPS 3.1 GATT 417, TRIPS 50
request for establishment of panel, requirements (DSU 6.2), Article 21.5 proceedings, applicability to DSU 354
review of implementation of DSB rulings (DSU 21.5)
DSU 6.2 procedures, applicability DSU 354
搈easures taken to comply?/p>
examination on basis of facts proved during panel proceedings, limitation to DSU 1142
new measures DSU 1142
third party rights (DSU 10), right to receive submissions to first meeting of the panel, limitation to (DSU 10.3) DSU 506
subsidy, definition (SCM 1.1(a)(1)) (financial contribution), foregoing of revenues otherwise due (SCM 1.1(a)(1)(ii)), 搊therwise due?/basis of comparison (揵ut for?test) SCM 34, 37?a href="subsidies_01_e.htm#38">8
third party enhanced rights/rights beyond those indicated in DSU 10.2, DSU 10.3 and Appendix 3, para. 6
limited nature of DSU 477
panel抯 discretion and DSU 477
third party rights (Article 21.5 proceedings) DSU 506
third party rights (DSU 10 and Appendix 3), obligation to take 揻ully?into account (DSU 10.1) DSU 466
搘ithdrawal of subsidy without delay?(SCM 4.7), 搘ithout delay? private action and SCM 213
US ?FSC (Article 21.5 ? EC) (Panel), WT/DS108/RW, DSR 2002:I
competence of panels and AB (DSU 3.2/DSU 11/DSU 17), not to add to or diminish rights and obligations (DSU 3.2/19.2) DSU 1147 n. 1795
export subsidy commitments, prevention of circumvention (AG 10)
AG 3.3 prohibition on export subsidies and AG 117
AG 3.3 prohibition on subsidies and AG 117
export competition commitments (AG 8) and AG 117
揺xport subsidies ?applied in a manner which results in, or which threatens to lead to, circumvention 厰 (AG 10.1) AG 117
揷ircumvention? scheduled and unscheduled products distinguished AG 117
tax exemption AG 117
揺xport subsidy?(AG 1(3)/SCM 1.1 and 3.1) AG 16
export subsidy, definition (AG 1(e)), 揷ontingent upon export performance? AG 16
interpretation of covered agreements, rules relating to including VCLT provisions, object and purpose, SCM 1.1(a)(1) SCM 5
judicial economy, prior decision on another point rendering discussion otiose SCM 218
panel procedures (DSU 12 and Appendix 3 (WP)), submission, right of (DSU 12.6 and WP 4), order of submission (DSU 12.6 and WP 12), arbitration (DSU 21.5), applicability to DSU 699
relationships within and between agreements
AG 3.3/AG 10.1 AG 117
DSU 21/SCM 4.7 SCM 218
SCM 3.1/SCM 3.2 SCM 178
review of implementation of DSB rulings (DSU 21.5)
third party rights (DSU 10)
right to receive submissions to first meeting of the panel, limitation to (DSU 10.3) DSU 506
right to receive submissions to first meeting of the panel, limitation to (DSU 10.3) DSU 506
timing, parties?submissions, applicability of DSU 12.6 DSU 699
security and predictability of WTO obligations (DSU 3.2), interpretation contradictory to object and purpose of agreement and SCM 5
subsidy, definition (SCM 1.1(a)(1)) (financial contribution), foregoing of revenues otherwise due (SCM 1.1(a)(1)(ii)) SCM 5
US ?FSC (Article 21.5 ? EC II) (AB), WT/DS108/AB/RW2, DSR 2006:XI
AB procedures (DSU 17.9 and ABWP), replacement of member (ABWP 13), for serious personal reasons (ABWP 12) DSU 1376
due process (dispute settlement proceedings), prejudice to party, relevance DSU 220
搈easures at issue?(DSU 6.2), 搈easures taken to comply?(DSU 21.5) and DSU 1123?a href="dsu_08_e.htm#1125">5
relationships within and between agreements, DSU 6.2/DSU 21.5 DSU 355, 1123?a href="dsu_08_e.htm#1125">5
request for establishment of panel, requirements (DSU 6.2), Article 21.5 proceedings, applicability to DSU 355
review of implementation of DSB rulings (DSU 21.5)
DSU 6.2 procedures, applicability DSU 354, 1151
搈easures at issue?(DSU 6.2) DSU 1123?a href="dsu_08_e.htm#1125">5
US ?FSC (Article 21.5 ? EC II) (Panel), WT/DS108/RW2
DSB, collegiate/collective entity DSU 1148 n. 1802
identification of specific measures (DSU 6.2), case-by-case approach DSU 220
implementation of DSB recommendations and rulings, surveillance (DSU 21), 搑ecommendations and rulings? DSU 1148
implementation of panel or AB recommendations (DSU 19.1), subsequent proceedings/continuance of recommendations DSU 943, 1147
legal basis of claim / 揷laim?/ 搈atter referred?(DSU 6.2/7.1), identification of specific measure distinguished DSU 220
request for establishment of panel, requirements (DSU 6.2), due process/ability to defend itself considerations DSU 220
review of implementation of DSB rulings (DSU 21.5)
competence of DSU 21.5 (compliance) panel, new recommendation, exclusion DSU 1149
surveillance of implementation of DSB recommendations and rulings (DSU 21) as context DSU 1147
terms of reference of panels (DSU 7), 搈atter referred to the DSB?(DSU 7.1) DSU 220
US ?FSC (Article 22.6 ?US), WT/DS180/ARB, DSR 2002:VI
arbitration (DSU 22.6), scope of review/arbitrators?mandate/task (DSU 22.7), determination of 揳ppropriateness/ appropriate?countermeasure (SCM 4.11) DSU 1293
countermeasures in case of failure to comply with panel or AB report within specified time-period (SCM 4.10)
揳ppropriate? SCM 228?a href="subsidies_02_e.htm#230">30
proportionality (footnote 9) SCM 228?a href="subsidies_02_e.htm#230">30, DSU 1290?a href="dsu_08_e.htm#1291">1, 1698
arbitration (DSU 22.6) and (SCM 4.11)
as special or additional rules and procedures DSU 23, 1242, 1280, 1283
task of arbitrator DSU 1293
calculation of countermeasure, possible bases/relevant factors
adverse trade effects SCM 233, 237?a href="subsidies_02_e.htm#239">9
amount of subsidy SCM 233
suspension of concessions (DSU 22.4) distinguished SCM 233
揷ountermeasure?/p>
as retaliatory act SCM 222, DSU 1287
temporary nature DSU 1287
countermeasures in case of failure to take measures to remove adverse effects of or withdraw subsidy (SCM 7.9), 揷ountermeasures? SCM 4.10 and 4.11 compared SCM 237, 251, 339, DSU 1283
countermeasures (general principles), proportionality SCM 226, 228?a href="subsidies_02_e.htm#230">30, 237, DSU 1290?a href="dsu_08_e.htm#1291">1, 1698
erga omnes obligations DSU 1699?a href="dsu_10_e.htm#1700">700
international law / 搑elevant rules of international law?(VCLT 31 (3)(c)) with particular reference to the interpretation of covered agreements (DSU 3(2)), erga omnes obligations DSU 1699?a href="dsu_10_e.htm#1700">700
interpretation of covered agreements, rules relating to including VCLT provisions
dictionaries LIC 1289, SCM 222, 226, DSU 1287
different language in same agreement SCM 237, 339
SCM 4.10 and 4.11/SCM 7.9 SCM 251
effectiveness principle (ut res magis valeat quam pereat/effet utile), presumption of meaning SCM 237
footnotes to treaty SCM 228?a href="subsidies_02_e.htm#230">30
footnotes to treaty as aid/integral part of treaty DSU 1290?a href="dsu_08_e.htm#1291">1, 1698
same or closely related phrases in different agreements, DSU 22.4/SCM 4.10 and 4.11 SCM 233, DSU 1283
text/plain language (VCLT 31(2)) SCM 237
ordinary meaning of terms used in covered agreements
揳ppropriate?(SCM 4.10) SCM 226
揳ppropropriate?(SCM 4.10) DSU 1289
揷ountermeasure? SCM 222, DSU 1287
揷ountermeasure?(SCM 4.10) SCM 222
proportionality
countermeasures SCM 226
suspension of concessions (DSU 22.4) and SCM 228?a href="subsidies_02_e.htm#230">30, DSU 1290?a href="dsu_08_e.htm#1291">1, 1698
relationships within and between agreements
DSU 22.4/SCM 4.10 SCM 233, 238, DSU 1283
DSU 22.6/SCM 4.10 and 4.11 DSU 23
DSU 22.6/SCM 4.11 SCM 247
SCM 4.11/SCM 7.9 SCM 251
SCM 4.9 and 10/SCM 7.9 and 10 SCM 237, 251
retaliatory measures, legality, WTO law DSU 1287
special or additional rules and procedures (DSU 1.2 and Appendix 2)
arrangements considered for classification as
SCM 4.10 DSU 23
SCM 4.11 DSU 23, 1242, 1280, 1283
precedence SCM 247
搒hall prevail?in case of a difference with DSU SCM 238, DSU 22
State responsibility as rule/general principle of international law (ILC Articles), countermeasures DSU 1674 n. 2618
suspension of concessions for non-implementation of DSB recommendations and rulings (DSU 22)
agreement to DSU 1268
level equivalent to nullification or impairment (DSU 22.4)
揳ppropriate?(SCM 4.10) distinguished SCM 233, DSU 1242, 1283
揺quivalent? quantitative test DSU 1249
SCM 3 and 4 (prohibited subsidies) distinguished DSU 1242
US ?Fur Felt Hats (Working Party Report), GATT/CP/106, safeguard measures, conditions (SG 2), 搒ufficient to cause serious injury or threat?(SG 2.1), separate determinations of threat and injury, need for SG 83
US ?Gambling (AB), WT/DS285/AB/R, DSR 2005:XII, 5663 and Corr.1, DSR 2006:XII
burden of proof (general rules)
impossible burden SPS 71, DSU 565
prima facie case requirement, failure to present sufficient evidence GATS 102, DSU 547
customary international law rules of interpretation [as codified in the VCLT] as applicable law (DSU 3.2), Schedules of Specific Commitments (GATS XX) GATS 177
due process (dispute settlement proceedings), opportunity to respond to evidence/presentations of other parties DSU 122
GATS Agreement
object and purpose (preamble)
security and predictability GATS 2
transparency GATS 2
搒upply of a service?(GATS XXVIII(b)) GATS 226
General Exceptions (GATS XIV) (general)
arbitrary or unjustifiable discrimination, exclusion (GATS XIV chapeau) GATS 78
determination by reference to context GATS 80
GATT XX jurisprudence, relevance GATS 74
order of analysis/freedom to choose issues to address GATS 79
two-step analysis (justification under paras. (a)-(d)/compliance with chapeau) GATS 75
General Exceptions (GATS XIV(a)), measures necessary to protect public morals or maintain public order
揳 genuine and sufficiently serious threat ? to one of the fundamental interests of society?(GATS XIV footnote 5) GATS 82, 84?a href="gats_02_e.htm#85">5
balance between restrictive effect on international trade and 搉ecessity? GATS 88
Member抯 right to determine level of desired protection GATS 84, 86?a href="gats_02_e.htm#90">90
搉ecessary? GATS 81, 86?a href="gats_02_e.htm#90">90
burden of proof GATS 91?a href="gats_02_e.htm#92">2
public morals exception (GATT XX(a)) and GATS 74
good faith engagement in dispute settlement procedures (DSU 3.10), due process obligations and DSU 122
interpretation of covered agreements, rules relating to including VCLT provisions
揳ny subsequent practice ?which establishes the agreement of the parties regarding its interpretation?(VCLT 31(3)(b))
discernible pattern requirement GATS 182, DSU 1582
Scheduling Guidelines (1993) GATS 182
Scheduling Guidelines (2001) GATS 183
context (VCLT 31(2))
揳ny agreement relating to ?made in connection with the conclusion厰 (VCLT 31(2)(a)) GATS 181, 186?a href="gats_03_e.htm#187">7, DSU 1556
Document W/120 GATS 186?a href="gats_03_e.htm#187">7
Scheduling Guidelines (1993) GATS 181
Scheduling Guidelines (2001) GATS 184
dictionaries GATS 109
parties?common intentions (VCLT 31(1)), party抯 intention in respect of own schedule, government document as evidence of GATS 190
same or closely related phrases in different agreements
GATS XIV/GATT XX(b) GATS 74
GATS XX/GATT II GATS 177
supplementary means (VCLT 32)
揷ircumstances of its conclusion? unilateral classification practice DSU 1649 n. 2574
搑ecourse may be had? DSU 1632
market access (GATS XVI)
excluded measures (GATS XVI:2)
exhaustive nature of list GATS 97
limitations on the number of suppliers in the form of (GATS XVI:2(a)) GATS 108?a href="gats_03_e.htm#116">16
preparatory work (Scheduling Guidelines) GATS 115, 121
quotas, exclusion (GATS XVI:2(a), (b) and (c)), zero quotas (GATS XVI:2(a)) GATS 109, 114?a href="gats_03_e.htm#117">17
zero quotas (GATS XVI:2(c)) GATS 120?a href="gats_03_e.htm#123">3
搈easure?(GATS XXVIII(a)) GATS 223
搈easures at issue?(DSU 6.2)
any act or omission attributable to a Member DSU 253
measure as source of impairment DSU 253?a href="dsu_03_e.htm#254">4
損ractice?as DSU 270
total prohibition as DSU 254
揺ffects?of measure and measure distinguished DSU 254
搈easures by Members?(GATS I:3), 搒ervices? (GATS I:3(b)), allocation to specific sector/subsector GATS 23
preparatory work (VCLT 32)
GATS XVI:2 GATS 115
Scheduling Guidelines as GATS 115, 121
Document W/120 GATS 185
Schedules of Specific Commitments (GATS XX)
allocation to specific sector/subsector (搒ector? (GATS XXVIII (3))), allocation to specific sector/subsector GATS 191, 229
as integral part of GATS (GATS XX:3) GATS 177, 198
interpretation and clarification
context (VCLT 31(2)), other Members?schedules GATS 189
customary international law rules of interpretation [as codified in the VCLT] as applicable law GATS 177
parties?common intentions (VCLT 31(1)) GATS 177
Scheduling Guidelines (1993)
as 揳greement made between all the parties in connection with the conclusion of the treaty?(VCLT 31(2)(a)) GATS 181
as subsequent practice establishing agreement of parties (VCLT 31(3)(b)) GATS 182
as supplementary means including preparatory work (VCLT 32) GATS 180
supplementary means of interpretation (VCLT 32)
Document W/120 GATS 185
Scheduling Guidelines (1993) GATS 180?a href="gats_03_e.htm#182">2
Scheduling Guidelines (2001) GATS 184
UN CPC GATS 188
security and predictability of WTO obligations (DSU 3.2), transparency and (GATS preamble) GATS 2
standard/powers of review (AB) (issues of law and legal interpretations) (DSU 17.6)
completion of the legal analysis in case of
consideration of hypothetical case, exclusion GATS 123
panel抯 analysis going beyond the strictly necessary and DSU 873
obiter findings of panel DSU 270
standard/powers of review (panel) (DSU 11), 搊bjective assessment of matter before it? all legal claims (DSU 3.2), 損ositive solution?requirement (DSU 3.7) and GATS 79
transparency (GATS preamble/III), as object and purpose GATS 2
US ?Gambling (Panel), WT/DS285/R
DSB, statements by Members at DSB meetings, legal effect, authorized statements for the record DSU 26
GATS Agreement
object and purpose (preamble)
security and predictability GATS 1
transparency GATS 1
搒ector?(GATS XXVIII(e)) GATS 228
搒upply of a service?(GATS XXVIII(b)) GATS 225
General Exceptions (GATS XIV(a)), measures necessary to protect public morals or maintain public order
either/or nature of requirement GATS 81
Member抯 right to determine level of desired protection GATS 83
public morals exception (GATT XX(a)) and GATS 83
General Exceptions (GATT XX(a)), measures necessary to protect public morals
搉ecessary? burden of proof GATT 881
損ublic morals? GATT 879
General Exceptions (GATT XX(b)), measures necessary to protect human, animal or plant life or health, 搑easonably available?alternative WTO-consistent measure GATT 907?a href="gatt1994_07_e.htm#908">8
international law / 搑elevant rules of international law 厰 (VCLT 31(3)(c)) DSU 1592
international law / 搑elevant rules of international law?(VCLT 31 (3)(c)) with particular reference to the interpretation of covered agreements (DSU 3(2), terms in Schedules as DSU 1592
interpretation of covered agreements, rules relating to including VCLT provisions, context (VCLT 31(2)), Scheduling Guidelines (2001) GATS 184
judicial economy, prior decision on another point rendering discussion otiose GATS 70
legal basis of claim / 揷laim?/ 搈atter referred?(DSU 6.2/7.1), clarification of claim during proceedings DSU 270
market access (GATS XVI)
excluded measures (GATS XVI:2)
applicability of mode 1 restriction to all mode 1 means of delivery GATS 101
applicability to sector as a whole including subsectors (搒ector?(GATS XXVIII(e))) GATS 100, 228
搈easures at issue?(DSU 6.2), 損ractice? as DSU 270
non-violation claims (GATT XXIII:1(b)) (DSU 26.1), remedies (DSU 26.1(b)) DSU 1354
non-violation claims (GATT XXIII:1(c)) (DSU 26.2), GATT practice distinguished DSU 1355
payments and transfers (GATS XI)
absence of jurisprudence GATS 70
importance of provision GATS 70
Schedules of Specific Commitments (GATS XX)
as integral part of GATS (GATS XX:3) GATS 197
interpretation and clarification, context (VCLT 31(2)), other Members?schedules GATS 189
security and predictability of WTO obligations (DSU 3.2), transparency and (GATS preamble) GATS 1
standard/powers of review (panel) (DSU 11), 搊bjective assessment of matter before it? in absence of relevant jurisprudence (GATS XI) GATS 70
State responsibility as rule/general principle of international law (ILC Articles), responsibility for act or omission of, agency with specific official responsibilities and powers/ public body DSU 1682
搕rade in services?(GATS 1:2), cross-border trade (GATS I:2(a)), relevant factors, means of delivery GATS 14?a href="gats_01_e.htm#15">15
transparency (GATS preamble/III), as object and purpose GATS 1
unilateral statements, legal effect DSU 1688
US ?Gambling (Article 21.3(c)), WT/DS285/13, DSR 2005:XXIII
developing countries (DSU 21.2) (implementation of DSB recommendations and rulings) DSU 1012
搑easonable period?(DSU 21.3(c)) DSU 1068
搑easonable period?for implementation of recommendations and rulings (Article 21.3(c) arbitrations)
administrative measures as means of implementation, relevance DSU 1049
arbitrator抯 limited mandate, determination of reasonable period DSU 1024
complexity of implementation process DSU 1053
developing countries and (DSU 21.2) DSU 1012, 1068
multiple possibilities DSU 1093
shortest period possible within Member抯 normal legislative process DSU 1032
US ?Gambling (Article 22.6 ? US), WT/DS285/ARB, DSR 2007:X
arbitration (DSU 22.6), third party rights DSU 510
margin of discretion [in accordance with due process] (panel) (DSU 12.1 and Appendix 3), unregulated situations and DSU 510
搑easonable period?for implementation of recommendations and rulings (Article 21.3(c) arbitrations), legislative schedule and DSU 1073
third party rights (Article 22.6 arbitrations) DSU 510
US ?Gasoline (AB), WT/DS2/AB/R, DSR 1996:I
AB procedures (DSU 17.9 and ABWP)
compliance obligation DSU 1365
written reponses (ABWP 28) DSU 1457
arbitrary or unjustifiable discrimination, GATT XX measure as (GATT XX chapeau)
ambiguity GATT 862
between importing and exporting countries GATT 860
constituent elements GATT 862
揹isguised restriction on international trade? GATT 862?a href="gatt1994_07_e.htm#863">3
failure to consider costs as GATT 863
measures amounting to arbitrary or unjustifiable discrimination as GATT 862?a href="gatt1994_07_e.htm#863">3
揹isguised restriction on international trade? interrelationship GATT 874
burden of proof (general rules), defences and exceptions, GATT XX
customary international law rules of interpretation [as codified in the VCLT] as applicable law, 揼eneral rule of interpretation?(VCLT 31) as DSU 54, 1499, 1535
environment
WTO Agreement
preamble
Members?right to determine own policies WTO 1
trade policies and, obligation to coordinate WTO 1, GATT 847
General Exceptions (GATT XX) (general)
applicability to GATT as a whole (chapeau) GATT 844, 860
burden of proof, chapeau and paras. a-j distinguished GATT 852
obligation to comply with domestic legislation, relevance GATT 847
two-step analysis (justification under paras. (a)-(j)/compliance with chapeau) GATT 848?a href="gatt1994_07_e.htm#850">50
General Exceptions (GATT XX), preamble/chapeau, prevention of abuses of exceptions as objective GATT 855
General Exceptions (GATT XX(b)), measures necessary to protect human, animal or plant life or health, 搉ecessary? necessity of policy goal vs necessity of measure to achieve it GATT 894
General Exceptions (GATT XX(g)), measures relating to the conservation of exhaustible natural resources
GATT III:4 (regulatory discrimination) and GATT 384, 862?a href="gatt1994_07_e.htm#863">3
搈ade effective in conjunction with? as balance between conservation and domestic production/consumption GATT 944?a href="gatt1994_07_e.htm#947">7
搑elating to? GATT 851, 894, 914 n. 1286, 921, 937?a href="gatt1994_07_e.htm#943">43, 939
搉ecessary?(GATT XX(d)) distinguished GATT 914 n. 1286
損rimarily aimed at?distinguished GATT 894, 921, 938, 940?a href="gatt1994_07_e.htm#941">1
interpretation of covered agreements, rules relating to including VCLT provisions
effectiveness principle (ut res magis valeat quam pereat/effet utile), meaning to be attributed to every word and phrase WTO 19, GATT 862, DSU 1611
object and purpose, GATT XX(g) GATT 940
搊rdinary meaning ?in their context ?in light of object and purpose?(VCLT 31(1)) GATT 851, 894, 921
multiple appeals, consolidation (ABWP 23) DSU 1365
national treatment, regulatory discrimination (GATT III:4), General Exceptions (GATT XX) and GATT 384, 862?a href="gatt1994_07_e.htm#864">4
relationships within and between agreements
GATT III:4/GATT XX GATT 384
GATT XX/GATT as a whole GATT 384
standard/powers of Review (AB) (issues of law and legal interpretations) (DSU 17.6), completion of the legal analysis DSU 858
WTO Agreement, objectives, 搕o protect and preserve the environment?WTO 1
US ?Gasoline (Panel), WT/DS2/R, DSR 1996:I
burden of proof (general rules), defences and exceptions, GATT XX GATT 888
General Exceptions (GATT XX(b)), measures necessary to protect human, animal or plant life or health
burden of proof GATT 888
搉ecessary? GATT 921
necessity of policy goal vs necessity of measure to achieve it GATT 894
three-tier test GATT 888
constituent elements GATT 888
General Exceptions (GATT XX(g)), measures relating to the conservation of exhaustible natural resources
搑elating to? GATT 939
損rimarily aimed at?distinguished GATT 939
judicial economy, prior decision on another point rendering discussion otiose DSU 385
搇ike product?(GATT III:2 and III:4)
relevant factors
end-uses GATT 337
physical properties GATT 337
situation of parties dealing in [subject products] GATT 337
tariff classification GATT 337
搈easures at issue?(DSU 6.2), terminated measures, termination before agreement on terms of reference DSU 385
national treatment, regulatory discrimination (GATT III:4)
general principle (GATT III:1) and GATT 225
搇ess favourable treatment?/p>
equality of competitive conditions as test GATT 369
揺qually overall?argument GATT 381
formal differences in treatment, relevance GATT 377
搊verall equality? GATT 382
搕reatment accorded to similarly situated domestic parties? relevance GATT 380
relationships within and between agreements
GATT I/GATT III GATT 108
GATT I/GATT III:4 GATT 395
US ?Hot-Rolled Steel dispute, consultations (DSU 21.5), ad hoc procedural agreement DSU 1169
US ?Hot-Rolled Steel (AB), WT/DS184/AB/R, DSR 2001:X DSU 1538
anti-dumping duties, imposition and collection (AD 9)
calculation of 揳ll other?anti-dumping duty rate (AD 9.4)
avoidance of prejudice to non-investigated exporters AD 698, 708
comparison of all comparable transactions (AD 2.4), need for AD 700
搈argins? AD 701
margins established under circumstances referred to in AD 6.8, exclusion AD 701, 706?a href="anti_dumping_03_e.htm#707">7
揺stablished? AD 708
lacuna situation AD 708?a href="anti_dumping_03_e.htm#709">9
搇egislation as such?and WTO 291, AD 877
method, absence of provision AD 471
zero/de minimis margins, exclusion AD 701
competence of panels and AB (DSU 3.2/DSU 11/DSU 17)s, competence of panel and AB distinguished AD 925
conformity of laws, regulations and administrative procedures with AD obligations, obligation to ensure (AD 18.4)
finding of non-conformity under any AD provision WTO 291
maintenance of inconsistent legislation AD 968
customary international law rules of interpretation [as codified in the VCLT] as applicable law (DSU 3.2), AD 17.6(ii) AD 927, 928
determination of dumping (AD 2)
calculation of dumping margins (AD 2.4)
affiliated party transactions AD 25
calculation of 揳ll other?anti-dumping duty rate (AD 9.4), applicability to AD 701
comparison of weighted average normal value with weighted average of all comparable export transactions AD 701
downstream sales AD 26
搇ike product? AD 24
sale 揹estined for consumption in exporting country? AD 24
sales 搃n ordinary course of trade? AD 24, 27?a href="anti_dumping_01_e.htm#29">9
calculation of normal value, eligible transactions, requirements (AD 2.1), comparability of price AD 24
fair comparison (AD 2.4), affiliated party transactions AD 25
fair comparison of export price and normal value (AD 2.4)
揹ue allowance? 揹ifferences which affect price comparability? AD 91
揻air comparison? responsibility for AD 103
搉ormal value ?in the ordinary course of trade?(AD 2.1)
affiliated party transactions AD 35, 42
fair exercise of discretion AD 29
prices above or below ordinary course of trade price AD 31?a href="anti_dumping_01_e.htm#33">3
sales not in normal course of trade, exclusion AD 30
scrutiny rules AD 34
sales not 搃n the ordinary course of trade? (AD 2.2), sales below cost, method for determining whether (AD 2.2.1), alternative methods, possibility of AD 28, 42
determination of injury (AD 3)
causal relationship, manner of evaluating (AD 3.5)
non-attribution to dumped imports of injury caused by other factors (AD 3.5) AD 275, 276, 283?a href="anti_dumping_02_e.htm#285">5
SG 4.2(b) compared AD 285, 323, 1010
domestic production of like product, assessment of effect on (AD 3.6), sectoral analysis, right to AD 290
evaluation of injury factors (AD 3.4)
all relevant economic factors and indices having a bearing on AD 243
factors not listed in AD 3.4, right/obligation to consider AD 254
搊bjective examination?requirement (AD 3.1) and AD 194?a href="anti_dumping_02_e.htm#195">5, 208
sectoral analysis, right to AD 194?a href="anti_dumping_02_e.htm#195">5, 243
損ositive evidence?/ 搊bjective examination? requirement (AD 3.1)
搊bjective examination? AD 193, SCM 421
evaluation of injury factors (AD 3.4) AD 194, 208, 243
損ositive? AD 182
as underlying principle AD 181, SCM 421
underlying principles (AD 3.1) and AD 181, SCM 421
evidence (dumping investigation) (AD 6)
difficulties in supplying information, due account/assistance in case of (AD 6.13) AD 583, 604
balance of interests of investigating authorities and exporters and AD 639
揻acts available? right of resort to (AD 6.8/Annex II) AD 535
adverse facts AD 591
Annex II, mandatory nature AD 537 n. 734
conditions for (Annex II) AD 549, 550 n. 750
failure to submit necessary information 搃n timely fashion?(Annex II para. 3) and AD 563
interpretation in light of AD 6.1.1, 6.8/Annex II para. 1 AD 563, 567
as 搑easonable period?/ 搑easonable time? AD 563, 568?a href="anti_dumping_03_e.htm#570">70
information provided within reasonable period, investigating authorities?obligation to use AD 549, 550 n. 750, 550 n. 751
搉otice of the information 厰 (AD 6.1), extension 搖pon cause shown ?whenever practicable? AD 442
questionnaires (AD 6.1.1), time杔imits for reply AD 422
resort to 揻acts available?(AD 6.8/Annex II)
balance between rights of investigating authorities and legitimate interests of parties, obligation to cooperate (Annex II para. 7) AD 583, 604, 639
failure to cooperate (AD Annex VII para. 7)
cooperation 搕o the best of its ability? AD 574
搇ess favourable result?as possible consequence AD 573, 708
time杔imits, right to set (AD 6.1.1) AD 442, 567
reply to questionnaires AD 442
good faith (including pacta sunt servanda principle (VCLT 26))
揻acts available? right of resort to (AD 6.8/Annex II) and AD 574
as fundamental rule of treaty interpretation/performance DSU 1503, 1507
as general principle of international law AD 575
as general principle of law AD 575
international law / 搑elevant rules of international law?(VCLT 31 (3)(c)) with particular reference to the interpretation of covered agreements (DSU 3(2)), good faith as AD 575
interpretation of covered agreements, applicable law, customary rules of interpretation of public international law [as codified in VCLT], DSU 3.2 AD 927
interpretation of covered agreements, rules relating to including VCLT provisions
dictionaries AD 573
multiple permissible interpretations AD 928, 935
compliance with one permissible interpretation, sufficiency AD 928
text/plain language (VCLT 31(2)) AD 708
publication and administration of trade regulations (GATT X), 搇aws, regulations, judicial decisions and administrative rulings?(GATT X:1), 搊f general application? GATT 556
relationships within and between agreements
AD 6.1.1/AD 6.8 AD 458
AD 6.8/AD 9.3 AD 720
AD 6.8/AD 9.4 AD 701, 706?a href="anti_dumping_03_e.htm#707">7, 708, 720
AD 6.8/AD Annex II AD 534
AD 17.6/DSU 11 AD 911, 925, 936
AD 17.6(ii)/DSU 11 AD 911, 927?a href="anti_dumping_04_e.htm#934">34
AD 18.4/SCM 32.5/WTO XVI:4 WTO 291
special or additional rules and procedures (DSU 1.2 and Appendix 2)
arrangements considered for classification as, AD 17 AD 888, 954, DSU 15
conflict with DSU provisions, precedence in case of (WTO Annex 1A) DSU 15
standard/powers of review (AB) (issues of law and legal interpretations) (DSU 17.6), completion of the legal analysis in case of, contentiousness/omission/ insufficiency of facts DSU 868
standard/powers of review (panel) (AD 17.6)
assessment of the facts (AD 17.6(i))
applicability to investigating authority AD 921
DSU 11 compared AD 925
interpretation of relevant provisions of AD (AD 17.6(ii))
in accordance with customary rules of interpretation of public international law AD 927
揳dmits of more than one permissible interpretation? AD 928
DSU 11 compared AD 935
standard/powers of review (panel) (DSU 11)
搊bjective assessment of matter before it?/p>
AD 17.6(i) compared AD 911, 925, 926
AD 17.6(ii) compared AD 935
good faith obligation SCM 421
subsidy, definition (SCM 1.1(b)) (conferral of benefit), subsidy programmes as such, right to challenge (mandatory/ discretionary distinction) SCM 71 n. 135
US ?Hot-Rolled Steel (Panel), WT/DS184/R, DSR 2001:X
anti-dumping duties, imposition and collection (AD 9), calculation of 揳ll other?anti-dumping duty rate (AD 9.4), margins established under circumstances referred to in AD 6.8, exclusion, 搇egislation as such?and AD 877
conformity of laws, regulations and administrative procedures with AD obligations, obligation to ensure (AD 18.4), maintenance of inconsistent legislation AD 968
conformity of laws, regulations and administrative procedures, obligation to ensure (AD 18.4), finding of nonconformity under any AD provision WTO 291
data collection period (AD 10.6) AD 733
determination of injury (AD 3)
evaluation of injury factors (AD 3.4)
all relevant economic factors and indices having a bearing on AD 266
checklist approach AD 266
consideration of each factor, need to be 揳pparent? in final determination AD 266
evidence (dumping investigation) (AD 6), resort to 揻acts available?(AD 6.8/Annex II), objective decision-making based on facts and AD 532
implementation of DSB recommendations and rulings (DSU 21), choice of means at authorities?discretion (DSU 21.3) DSU 972
implementation of panel or AB recommendations (DSU 19.1), panel抯 decision not to make suggestions DSU 972
judicial economy, limitation of consideration to claims essential to resolution of dispute (DSU 3.2) DSU 386
legislation as such, right to challenge (WTO XVI:4), 損ractice? AD 884
搈easures at issue?(DSU 6.2), 損ractice? as, 揼eneral?practice AD 884, DSU 268 n. 407, 409 n. 680
provisional measures (AD 7), preliminary affirmative determination (AD 7.1(ii)), retroactive measures (AD 10.7) and AD 729
publication and administration of trade regulations (GATT X)
measures of general application (GATT X:1) GATT 521
uniform, impartial and reasonable administration (GATT X:3(a))
general impact on overall administration, need for GATT 521
significant impact on overall administration of law requirement for violation GATT 564
relationships within and between agreements AD 905 n. 1233
AD 5.3/AD 10.6 AD 730
AD 6.8/AD 9.3 AD 720
AD 6.8/AD 9.4 AD 706
AD 7/AD 10.7 AD 729
AD 9.4/AD 18.4 AD 877
AD 18.4/SCM 32.5/WTO XVI:4 WTO 291
retroactivity (provisional measures and anti-dumping duties) (AD 10) AD 725
揳fter initiating an investigation?(AD 10.7) AD 727
conditions (AD 10.6)
AD 10.7 and AD 726
搒ufficiency of evidence?(AD 5.3) and AD 730
preliminary affirmative determination (AD 7.1(ii)), relevance AD 729
搒uch measures?(AD 10.7), provisional measures distinguished AD 727
搒ufficient evidence?(AD 10.7)
exporters?knowledge of dumping (AD 10.6), relevance AD 731
搈assive imports in a relatively short period of time?(AD 10.6), data collection period AD 733
standard/powers of review (panel) (AD 17.6), 揻acts made available?(AD 17.5(ii)) AD 905
standard/powers of review (panel) (DSU 11), 搊bjective assessment of the facts? de novo review, exclusion AD 302 n. 430, 905
搒ufficient evidence?(AD 10.7), 搃njury caused?(AD 10.6) and, retroactivity (provisional measures and anti-dumping duties) (AD 10) AD 732
terms of reference of panels (DSU 7)
consideration of issues outside terms of reference, exclusion DSU 409 n. 680
request for establishment of panel as basis AD 900
US ?Hot-Rolled Steel (Article 21.3(c)), WT/DS184/12, DSR 2002: IV
interpretation of covered agreements, rules relating to including VCLT provisions, AD 6.8/DSU 21.3(c) DSU 1035
搑easonable period?for implementation of recommendations and rulings (Article 21.3(c) arbitrations)
arbitrator抯 limited mandate, determination of reasonable period DSU 1021
Article 21.3(b) agreements as precedent DSU 1016
complexity of implementing process DSU 1021
搑easonable? DSU 1035
搕ime ?shorter or longer, depending on the particular circumstances?(DSU 21.3(c)) DSU 1035
US ?Lamb (AB), WT/DS177/AB/R, WT/DS178/AB/R, DSR 2001:IX
causation analysis (SG 4.2(b)) (determination of serious injury or threat of)
揹emonstrates? SG 179
搊n the basis of objective data? SG 179, 181
揻actors other than increased imports?(SG 4.2(b)) SG 74 n. 128
order of analysis SG 203?a href="safeguards_02_e.htm#204">4
reasoned and adequate explanation (SG4.2(a)) GATT 801, SG 181
relevance in absence of serious injury SG 74 n. 128
determination of injury (AD 3), causal relationship, manner of evaluating (AD 3.5), non-attribution to dumped imports of injury caused by other factors (AD 3.5), SG 4.2(b) compared AD 251, 285, 323
determination of serious injury or threat of, definitions (SG 4.1)
搒erious injury?(SG 4.1(a)), 搈aterial injury?(AD 3, SCM 15.7 and GATT VI) distinguished SG 3, 117, 320
搒erious injury?(SG 4.1(a))/ 搕hreat of serious injury?(SG 4.1(b))
揷learly imminent? SG 156
as 搒ignificant overall impairment?/ 搗ery high standard of injury?(SG 4.1(a)) SG 116?a href="safeguards_02_e.htm#117">17
搕hreat of serious injury?(SG 4.1(b)), data from recent past/ throughout investigation period, relative importance SG 157?a href="safeguards_02_e.htm#158">8
determination of serious injury or threat of, evaluation of all relevant factors of objective and quantifiable nature (SG 4.2(a))
揻actors other than increased imports?(SG 4.2(b)), non-attribution requirement SG 203?a href="safeguards_02_e.htm#206">6
emergency action (GATT XIX)
揳s a result of unforeseen developments?(GATT XIX:1(a))
揹emonstration? need for GATT 810
揳s a pertinent issue of fact and law? /finding (SG 3.1) GATT 806, SG 103
omission from SG 2.1, relevance GATT 841
investigation of conditions for safeguard measures, requirements (SG 3.1/SG 4.2(c))
data of an objective and quantifiable nature
methodology, absence of provision SG 154, 157
representativeness SG 154?a href="safeguards_02_e.htm#155">5
judicial economy, prior decision on another point rendering discussion otiose SG 233
搇ike or directly competitive product?(SG 2.1/SG 4.1(c))
揹omestic industry?(SG 4.1(c)) and SG 2, 130?a href="safeguards_02_e.htm#134">4
揹omestic industry?(SCM 16) distinguished SCM 453
integration of production processes, relevance SG 134
object and purpose (preamble) as aid to definition SG 2
損roducers as a whole? SG 132?a href="safeguards_02_e.htm#133">3
as sole determinant ATC 40 n. 50, SG 131
specific product, need for SG 132
ordinary meaning of terms used in covered agreements, 搒erious injury?(SG 4.1(a)) SG 116
publication of findings and reasoned conclusions (SG 3.1) GATT 806
損ertinent issues? unforeseen developments as SG 103
reasoned and adequate explanation requirement (SG 3.1), causation (SG 4.2(b)) GATT 801, SG 181
relationships within and between agreements
GATT XIX:1/SG 11.1 SG 8
GATT XIX/SG 1 SG 8
SG 2/SG 4 SG 22?a href="safeguards_01_e.htm#23">3
SG 2.1/SG 4.1(c) SG 22
safeguard measures, conditions (SG 2), determination of serious injury or threat (SG 4), violation as violation of SG 2 SG 22, 23
safeguard measures (SG/GATT XIX)
relationship between Safeguards Agreement and GATT XIX SG 2
continuing applicability of GATT XIX GATT 842
rules for application of GATT XIX (SG 1 and 11.1(a)) SG 8
safeguard measures (SG/GATT XIX), characteristics, exceptional nature of remedy.14.2
standard/powers of review (panel) (DSU 11)
DSU 11, applicability GATT 801
搊bjective assessment of the facts? de novo review, exclusion SG 308
搊bjective assessment of matter before it? reasoned and adequate explanation (SG 4.2(a)) and GATT 801, SG 148?a href="safeguards_02_e.htm#151">51, 307?a href="safeguards_03_e.htm#308">8
US ?Lamb (Panel), WT/DS177/R, WT/DS178/R, DSR 2001:IX
consultations (DSU 4), confidentiality (DSU 4.6), disclosure of information obtained in different proceedings DSU 166
determination of serious injury or threat of, definitions (SG 4.1)
搒erious injury?(SG 4.1(a))/ 搕hreat of serious injury?(SG 4.1(b))
搒erious injury? SG 124
搕hreat of serious injury?(SG 4.1(b))
actual increase in imports, need for SG 127
data from recent past/throughout investigation period, relative importance SG 125
determination of serious injury or threat of, evaluation of all relevant factors of objective and quantifiable nature (SG 4.2(a))
揳s a whole? SG 121
segmented domestic industry and SG 168?a href="safeguards_02_e.htm#169">9
reasoned and adequate explanation requirement and SG 168?a href="safeguards_02_e.htm#169">9
emergency action (GATT XIX), 揳s a result of unforeseen developments?(GATT XIX:1(a)), omission from SG 2.1, relevance GATT 841, SG 7
identification of specific measures (DSU 6.2), 搒pecific? 揳ttendant circumstances? relevance DSU 240 n. 349
interpretation of covered agreements, rules relating to including VCLT provisions, effectiveness principle (ut res magis valeat quam pereat/effet utile), meaning to be attributed to every word and phrase SG 7
investigation of conditions for safeguard measures, requirements (SG 3.1/SG 4.2(c))
data of an objective and quantifiable nature
methodology, absence of provision SG 138
representativeness SG 136?a href="safeguards_02_e.htm#138">8
judicial economy
discretionary nature, reasons for not exercising SG 129
prior decision on another point rendering discussion otiose SG 84, 89, 216, 231, 233, 242, 243, 245, 252
legal basis of claim / 揷laim?/ 搈atter referred?(DSU 6.2/7.1)
identification of treaty provisions DSU 312
listing of articles without explanation, sufficiency DSU 312
搇ike or directly competitive product?(SG 2.1/SG 4.1(c))
揹omestic industry?(SG 4.1(c)) and SG 2
?domestic industry?(SCM 16) distinguished SCM 453
揷ollective output ?constitutes a major proportion? representative data and SG 136?a href="safeguards_02_e.htm#138">8
finding of inconsistency with, effect SG 129
reasoned and adequate explanation requirement (SG 3.1), segmented domestic industry and (SG 4.2(a)) SG 168?a href="safeguards_02_e.htm#169">9
relationships within and between agreements
GATT XIX:1/SG 2 and 4 SG 84, 89, 90
GATT XIX:1(a)/SG 8 SG 243
GATT XIX/SG 1 SG 7
SG 2/SG 4 SG 21
SG 2.1, 4.1(c) and 4.2(b)/SG 2.2, 3.1, 5.1, 8, 11 and 12 SG 84, 89, 216, 231, 242, 243
SG 4.1(b)/SG 4.1(c) SG 129
safeguard measures, conditions (SG 2), determination of serious injury or threat (SG 4), violation as violation of SG 2 SG 21
safeguard measures, object and purpose (preamble), balance between effective temporary protection and structural adjustment SG 2
safeguard measures (SG/GATT XIX)
relationship between Safeguards Agreement and GATT XIX SG 2
continuing applicability of GATT XIX GATT 841
safeguard measures (SG/GATT XIX), characteristics, exceptional nature of remedy SG 2
US ?Large Civil Aircraft (2nd Complaint) (Panel), WT/DS353/R
adverse inferences from party抯 refusal to provide information, panel抯 right to draw (DSU 13)
burden of proof and DSU 561
sufficiency of burden of proof rules DSU 563
arguendo assumptions
guidelines on the use of DSU 664
搕o enhance simplicity? DSU 664
burden of proof (general rules)
adverse inferences (DSU 13) and, sufficiency of burden of proof rules DSU 563
onus probandi actori incumbit DSU 543, 1691
composition of panel (DSU 8), determination by Director-General (DSU 8.7), Deputy Director-General in place of DSU 441
domestic law, interpretation of covered agreements, relevance to DSU 1628
DSB, statements by Members at DSB meetings, legal effect, 搕aking note?of, legal effect DSU 31
Government Procurement Agreement (GPA)
definitions
揼overnment procurement?(GPA I:1) GPA 5
損urchases of services?(GPA I:1) GPA 4
service contracts, expansion to cover (preamble) GPA 2
government procurement (GATS XIII), 搒ubsidy? (SCM 1) distinguished SCM 27, 48, GATS 72
information or technical advice, panel抯 right to seek (DSU 13.1/SPS 11.2), discretion not to seek DSU 760
interim review (DSU 15)
changes to report in absence of request DSU 804
translation issues DSU 818?a href="dsu_06_e.htm#819">19
interpretation of covered agreements, rules relating to including VCLT provisions
effectiveness principle (ut res magis valeat quam pereat/effet utile), meaning to be attributed to omissions DSU 1616
same or closely related phrases in different agreements
caution in use of SCM 48
SCM 1/GATS XIII:2 and XV SCM 27, 48, GATS 72
loan guarantees, as direct transfer of funds (SCM 1.1(a)(1)) SCM 31
non-actionable subsidies (SCM 8), assistance for research activities (SCM 8.2(a)), government purchases of R&D services and SCM 343
ordinary meaning of terms used in covered agreements
domestic law concepts, relevance DSU 1628
揺xplicit?(SCM 2.1(a)) SCM 107?a href="subsidies_01_e.htm#108">8
揼overnment practices?(SCM 1.1(a)(1)(i)) SCM 27
搃nitiate?(SCM Annex V) SCM 675
搒ervice?(GPA 1) GPA 4
preparatory work (VCLT 32)
SCM 1.1(a)(1) SCM 48
SCM 1.1(a)(1)(iii)/SCM 14(d) DSU 1643
provision of goods or services (SCM 1.1(a)(1)(iii)), 揼eneral infrastructure? limitations on access or use, relevance SCM 47
relationships within and between agreements
AIR 6/SCM AIR 24
GPA preamble/SCM 1 (損urchases of services? GPA 2
SCM 2.3/SCM 3 SCM 123
request for establishment of panel, requirements (SCM 4.4)
initiation of Annex V procedure (SCM 7.4)
揹ecision?(DSU 2.4), whether DSU 33
搕aking note?of statements at DSB meeting, whether DSU 31
SCM and AIR 24
搒erious prejudice? procedures for developing information concerning (SCM Annex 5), initiation, requirements SCM 675
subsidy, definition (SCM 1), 損urchases of services?(GPA preamble), exclusion GPA 2
subsidy, definition (SCM 1.1(a)(1)) (financial contribution)
foregoing of revenues otherwise due (SCM 1.1(a)(1)(ii)), 搊therwise due?/basis of comparison (揵ut for? test) SCM 37?a href="subsidies_01_e.htm#38">8
揼overnment practice?(SCM 1.1(a)(1)(i)), ordinary meaning SCM 27
potential direct transfer of funds (SCM 1.1(a)(1))
loan guarantees as SCM 31
may transfer funds, sufficiency SCM 31
損urchases of services?(GATS XIII), exclusion SCM 27, 48, GATS 72, 94
transactions qualifying as, exhaustive nature of SCM 1.1(a)(1) SCM 15
subsidy, definition (SCM 1.1(b)) (conferral of benefit), 揵enefit? market test SCM 62
subsidy, specificity (SCM 2)
de facto specificity (SCM 2.1(c)), de facto/de jure distinction, relevance SCM 108
揺xplicitly limits?(SCM 2.1(a)) SCM 108
third party enhanced rights/rights beyond those indicated in DSU 10.2, DSU 10.3 and Appendix 3, para. 6 DSU 485
translation
implementation of panel or AB recommendations (DSU 19.1), subsequent proceedings/continuance of recommendations DSU 947
interim review reports (DSU 15) DSU 818?a href="dsu_06_e.htm#819">19
US ?Lead and Bismuth II (AB), WT/DS138/AB/R, DSR 2001:V and DSR 2001:VI
AB procedures (DSU 17.9 and ABWP)
adoption, AB authority DSU 885
replacement of member (ABWP 13), in case of death DSU 1373
amicus curiae briefs
AB and, right to accept (DSU 17.9) DSU 697, 740?a href="dsu_06_e.htm#742">2
private individuals?right to submit DSU 741?a href="dsu_06_e.htm#742">2
countervailing duties (SCM Part V), review of need for continued imposition (SCM 21.2), burden/standard of proof SCM 484?a href="subsidies_03_e.htm#485">5
dispute settlement (SCM 30)
special or additional rules or procedures, whether SCM 578
standard/powers of review (panel) (AD 17.6), applicability SCM 578
judicial economy, discretionary nature DSU 644
prompt and satisfactory settlement (DSU 3.3), change of AB composition and DSU 1385
public observation of oral hearing / 損assive participation?(ABWP
27(3)) DSU 743
relationships within and between agreements, AD 17.6/SCM 30 SCM 578, 703
special or additional rules and procedures (DSU 1.2 and Appendix 2), SCM 30 as SCM 578
standard/powers of Review (AB) (issues of law and legal interpretations) (DSU 17.6)
applicability to covered agreements other than AD Agreement AD 1013, 1016
non-applicability to covered agreements other than AD Agreement including the SCM and SPS Agreements SCM 703
subsidy, definition (SCM 1.1(b)) (conferral of benefit), 搃s conferred? SCM 70
US ?Lead and Bismuth II (Panel), WT/DS138/R and Corr.2, DSR 2001:V and DSR 2001:VI
countervailing duties (SCM Part V)
calculation of countervailing duty / 搉ot in excess?(SCM 19.4), nexus, need for SCM 467
compliance with GATT VI:3 and SCM Agreement (SCM 10) SCM 353
揷ountervailing duty?(SCM 10 footnote 36), 搊ffsetting?requirement SCM 353
imposition and collection (SCM 19), ordinary meaning SCM 467
搒ubsidy found to exist?(SCM 19.4), ordinary meaning SCM 467
dispute settlement (SCM 30)
special or additional rules or procedures, whether SCM 578
standard/powers of review (panel) (AD 17.6), applicability SCM 578
implementation of panel or AB recommendations (DSU 19.1)
panel抯 decision not to make suggestions DSU 969
panel抯 discretionary suggestions DSU 957
investigation of dumping (AD 5)/subsidy (SCM 11), object and purpose (SCM Part V) SCM 467?a href="subsidies_03_e.htm#468">8
relationships within and between agreements, AD 17.6/SCM 30 SCM 578
special or additional rules and procedures (DSU 1.2 and Appendix 2), arrangements considered for classification as, SCM 30 SCM 578
subsidy, definition (SCM 1.1(b)) (conferral of benefit)
揵enefit?/p>
passing the benefit through, changes in ownership/privatizations SCM 82?a href="subsidies_01_e.htm#83">3
privatization, effect SCM 82?a href="subsidies_01_e.htm#83">3
US ?Line Pipe (AB), WT/DS202/AB/R, DSR 2002:IV
burden of proof (general rules)
impossible burden SG 71, DSU 564
onus probandi actori incumbit SG 71
causation analysis (SG 4.2(b)) (determination of serious injury or threat of)
reasoned and adequate explanation GATT 801, SG 70?a href="safeguards_01_e.htm#72">2, 181, 209?a href="safeguards_02_e.htm#210">10
搒erious injury?(SG 5.1) distinguished SG 226
customary international law rules of interpretation [as codified in the VCLT] as applicable law (DSU 3.2), SG 5.1 SG 227
determination of serious injury or threat of, definitions (SG 4.1), 搒erious injury?(SG 4.1(a))/ 搕hreat of serious injury?(SG 4.1(b)) SG 234
determination of serious injury or threat of, evaluation of all relevant factors of objective and quantifiable nature (SG 4.2(a))
揻actors other than increased imports?(SG 4.2(b)) SG 209
non-attribution requirement SG 210
determination of serious injury or threat of (SG 4), requirements, customs unions and free trade areas (GATT XXIV) exception and GATT 1057
developing countries (SG 9)
exclusion of developing country exporting less than de minimis levels (SG 9.1) SG 246?a href="safeguards_02_e.htm#247">7
expected effect of measure, relevance SG 247
list of excluded countries, need for SG 246
interpretation of covered agreements, rules relating to including VCLT provisions
object and purpose, SG/GATT XIX GATT 799, SG 227
same or closely related phrases in different agreements, AD 3.5/SG 4.2(b) SG 210, 219
same or closely related phrases in same agreement, SG 4.2/SG 5.1 SG 226
notification and consultation (SG 12)
揳dequate opportunity for prior consultations? (SG 12.3) SG 288
level of concessions (SG 8.1) and SG 240
as 搒ufficient time for meaningful exchange? SG 240
preparatory work (VCLT 32)
GATT XIX/SPS DSU 1641
SG SG 83
proportionality
countermeasures DSU 1697
safeguard measures (SG 5.1) (搕o the extent necessary? and SG 13?a href="safeguards_01_e.htm#14">14, 224?a href="safeguards_02_e.htm#227">7
publication of findings and reasoned conclusions (SG 3.1), application of safeguard measures (SG 5.1), Members?right to choose method and SG 97
quota modulation (SG 5.2(b)) SG 82, 234
reasoned and adequate explanation requirement (SG 3.1), causation (SG 2.1/SG 4.2(b)) GATT 801, SG 209?a href="safeguards_02_e.htm#210">10
relationships within and between agreements, AD 3.5/SG 4.2(b) SG 210
RTAs (GATT XXIV:5), as affirmative defence to violation of GATT provisions including non-discrimination requirement SG 65, 73 n. 122
safeguard measures, application (SG 5)
揹emonstration?of compliance (SG 3.1), relevance SG 97
imports, limitation to SG 227
quota modulation (SG 5.2(b))
determination of injury or threat of (SG 2.1), relevance to SG 82, 234
as exception to general rule SG 82, 234
搕o the extent necessary?(proportionality) (SG 5.1) SG 13?a href="safeguards_01_e.htm#14">14, 224?a href="safeguards_02_e.htm#227">7
揷lear justification?/requirement to explain SG 225
tariff measures and SG 225 n. 375, 232 n. 289
serious injury to increased imports, limitation to SG 226?a href="safeguards_02_e.htm#227">7
搒erious injury?(SG 4.2(b)) distinguished SG 226
safeguard measures, conditions (SG 2)
as extraordinary/emergency remedy GATT 799
parallelism between investigation (SG 2.1/SG 4.1(c)) and application of measure (SG 2.2) GATT 1057, SG 70?a href="safeguards_01_e.htm#73">3
burden of proof SG 71
搃rrespective of source? applicability to RTAs SG 70?a href="safeguards_01_e.htm#73">3
reasoned and adequate explanation requirement SG 70?a href="safeguards_01_e.htm#72">2
right to applymeasure and exercise of right distinguished SG 13?a href="safeguards_01_e.htm#14">14
搒ufficient to cause serious injury or threat? (SG 2.1)
quota modulation and (SG 5.2(b)) and SG 82, 234
separate determinations of threat and injury, need for SG 80?a href="safeguards_01_e.htm#83">3
搒erious injury?and 搕hreat?as alternatives SG 80
搕hreat?and 搃njury?as continuum SG 81
threshold for threat and injury distinguished SG 81
safeguard measures, maintenance of substantially equivalent level of concessions (SG 8), 揺quivalent? 揳dequate opportunity for prior consultations?(SG 12.3) and SG 240
sovereignty, over non-WTO regulated matters DSU 1738
standard/powers of review (panel) (DSU 11), DSU 11, applicability GATT 801
State responsibility as rule/general principle of international law (ILC Articles)
countermeasures SG 227, DSU 1674 n. 2617
proportionality SG 227, DSU 1674 n. 2617, 1697
withdrawal of appeal (ABWP 30), withdrawal and re-filing of appeal, for scheduling reasons DSU 1471
US ?Line Pipe (Panel), WT/DS202/R, DSR 2002:IV
determination of serious injury or threat of (SG 4), requirements, 搒uch increased quantities? trends SG 49, 161
executive summaries (panel working procedures)
non-summarized material, inclusion in panel report DSU 733
panel抯 request for DSU 733
implementation of panel or AB recommendations (DSU 19.1), panel抯 decision not to make suggestions DSU 973
non-discriminatory administration of QRs (GATT XIII)
distribution of trade as close as possible to expected shares in absence of restrictions (GATT XIII:2 chapeau) GATT 662?a href="gatt1994_05_e.htm#664">4
as general rule (Ad Article XIII:2) GATT 662?a href="gatt1994_05_e.htm#664">4
historical trade patterns, relevance GATT 663?a href="gatt1994_05_e.htm#664">4
搎uotas representing the total amount ?shall be fixed?(GATT XIII:2(a)) GATT 668
tariff quotas
applicability of GATT XIII:2(a) GATT 663, 668
applicability of, GATT XIII:5 GATT 679
tariff measures distinguished GATT 690 n. 968
relationships within and between agreements
GATT XIII/SG 5 GATT 657, 690?a href="gatt1994_05_e.htm#691">1, SG 232
GATT XXIV/GATT I, XIII and XIX GATT 686
RTAs (GATT XXIV:5), as affirmative defence to violation of GATT provisions including non-discrimination requirement SG 73 n. 122
safeguard measures, application of measures (SG 5), non-discrimination
(GATT XIII) and GATT 690?a href="gatt1994_05_e.htm#691">1, SG 232
safeguard measures, application (SG 5), non-discrimination (GATT XIII) and GATT 686
safeguard measures, conditions (SG 2)
搒uch increased quantities?/p>
methodology, panel抯 right to examine SG 35?a href="safeguards_01_e.htm#37">7
搑ecent? SG 33?a href="safeguards_01_e.htm#34">4
standard/powers of review (panel) (DSU 11), 搊bjective assessment of the facts? methodology for evaluating increase in imports (SG 2.1/GATT XIX:1(a)) SG 35?a href="safeguards_01_e.htm#37">7
US ?Norwegian Salmon AD (GATT Panel), ADP/87, BISD 41S/229
consultation and dispute settlement (AD 17), 搈atter? referral to DSB (AD 17.4), 搈atter? AD 898
determination of injury (AD 3), evaluation of injury factors (AD 3.4), examination of other known factors (AD 3.5), 搆nown?to investigating authority, 8.279 n. 393
US ?Offset Act (Byrd Amendment) (AB), WT/DS217/AB/R, WT/DS234/AB/R, DSR 2003:I and DSR 2003:II
AB procedures (DSU 17.9 and ABWP), replacement of member (ABWP 13), for serious personal reasons (ABWP 12) (Presiding Member) DSU 1374
anti-dumping and countervailing duties (GATT VI), anti-dumping measure other than duty, applicability to GATT 450
anti-dumping and countervailing duties (GATT VI) including interrelationship with AD Agreement
anti-dumping measure other than duty, applicability to, 搈ay levy?and (GATT VI:2) GATT 461
countervailable subsidy, permissible responses (GATT VI:3/SCM) GATT 469
competence of panels and AB (DSU 3.2/DSU 11/DSU 17), comp閠ence de la comp閠ence/obligation to address jurisdictional issues [on own motion] DSU 1419
conformity of laws, regulations and administrative procedures with SCM Agreement (SCM 32.5) WTO 294, SCM 596
countervailing duties (SCM Part V), compliance with GATT VI:3 and SCM Agreement (SCM 10), permissible responses to subsidization GATT 469
due process (dispute settlement proceedings), notice of appeal, requirements (ABWP 20(2)) DSU 368, 1416
evidence (panel) (DSU 12)
time杔imits for submission
panel抯 right to admit 搇ate?/new evidence DSU 625
information in the public domain DSU 625
relevance/significance of evidence and DSU 625
good faith (including pacta sunt servanda principle (VCLT 26))
burden of proof/presumption of GATT 570 n. 805, DSU 1507
as fundamental rule of treaty interpretation/performance DSU 1507
good faith interpretation of treaty (VCLT 31(1)), as fundamental principle of DSU 1545
interim review (DSU 15), multiple complainants/separate reports DSU 810
interpretation of covered agreements, rules relating to including VCLT provisions, footnotes to treaty as aid/integral part of treaty AD 961
investigation of dumping (AD 5)/subsidy (SCM 11)
support for (AD 5.4/SCM 11.4)
揵y or on behalf of the domestic industry? quantitative test SCM 362
identity of provisions AD 379, 383, SCM 362
motivation for support, relevance AD 379, SCM 362
lex specialis/presumption against treaty conflicts, General Interpretative Note (WTO Annex 1A) SCM 584
multiple complainants (DSU 9)
separate interim review reports (DSU 9.2) DSU 810
separate panel reports (DSU 9.2)
panel抯 discretion DSU 449
timeliness of request DSU 448
prompt and satisfactory settlement (DSU 3.3) and DSU 448, 810
notice of appeal, requirements (ABWP 20(2)(d))
due process and DSU 368
failure to meet
consequences
error relating to jurisdiction DSU 1419
omission of claim of error from scope of appeal DSU 1416
notification of challenge to the jurisdiction DSU 368, 1415
statement of allegation of error on issues of law/legal interpretations (ABWP 20(2)(d)), generic statement, sufficiency DSU 1427
ordinary meaning of terms used in covered agreements, 搒pecific action against dumping? GATT 451
prompt and satisfactory settlement (DSU 3.3), multiple complainants (DSU 9) and, separate panel reports DSU 65
relationships within and between agreements, AD 18.4/SCM 32.5/WTO XVI:4 WTO 294, SCM 596
specific action against dumping (AD 18.1) or subsidy (SCM 32.1) in accordance with GATT VI as interpreted by AD/SCM Agreement AD 957?a href="anti_dumping_05_e.htm#958">8
action under other relevant provisions of GATT 1994 distinguished (AD 18.1 footnote 24) GATT 451
clarificatory nature of footnotes AD 961
揳gainst? AD 957?a href="anti_dumping_05_e.htm#958">8
揺xcept in accordance with the provisions? SCM 584
standard/powers of Review (AB) (issues of law and legal interpretations) (DSU 17.6)
excess of jurisdiction, in absence of claim by party DSU 1419
excess of jurisdiction, in absence of claim by party DSU 1419
new evidence DSU 852
terms of reference of panels (DSU 7), timeliness of objections DSU 368, 1415
US ?Offset Act (Byrd Amendment) (Panel), WT/DS217/R, WT/DS234/R, DSR 2003:I and DSR 2003:II
adverse effects (SCM 5)
existence of 揵enefit? need for SCM 263
grounds for requesting consultations (SCM 7.1) as context SCM 262
nullification or impairment of benefits (SCM 5(b)) SCM 261
presumption under DSU 3.8 distinguished SCM 261, DSU 95
systematic offset as SCM 264
as required element for actionable subsidy SCM 255
搖se?of subsidy SCM 262, DSU 95
anti-dumping and countervailing duties (GATT VI) including interrelationship with AD Agreement, dumping, constituent elements (AD 2/GATT VI:1), specific reference in legislation, relevance GATT 450
conformity of laws, regulations and administrative procedures with SCM Agreement (SCM 32.5) SCM 596
dispute settlement, special provisions relating to developing countries, requirement for specific indication of form in which account has been taken of special needs (DSU 12.11) DSU 717
due process (dispute settlement proceedings)
opportunity to respond to evidence/presentations of other parties, timing of submission of evidence (DS 12) and DSU 625
prejudice to party, relevance DSU 449
implementation of panel or AB recommendations (DSU 19.1), panel抯 discretionary suggestions DSU 960
interim review (DSU 15), multiple complainants/separate reports DSU 809
legal basis of claim / 揷laim?/ 搈atter referred?(DSU 6.2/7.1), limitation of jurisdiction to cited provisions (DSU 7.2), developing countries, special and differential provisions and (DSU 12.1) DSU 717
margin of discretion [in accordance with due process] (panel) (DSU 12.1 and Appendix 3), separate panel reports DSU 449
multiple complainants (DSU 9)
separate interim review reports (DSU 9.2) DSU 809
single panel, 搘henever feasible?(DSU 9.1), separate panel reports (DSU 9.2), timeliness of request DSU 448
nullification or impairment (DSU 3.8), presumption in case of inconsistency with covered agreement, adverse effects (SCM 5) distinguished SCM 261, DSU 95
price undertakings (AD 8)/undertakings (SCM 18), practicality, relevance (AD 8.3/SCM 18.3) AD 654, SCM 457
prompt and satisfactory settlement (DSU 3.3), timeliness of request for separate panel reports (DSU 9.2) DSU 448, 809
relationships within and between agreements
AD 18.4/SCM 32.5/WTO XVI:4 SCM 596
DSU 3.3/DSU 9.2 DSU 448
special and differential treatment for developing countries (Doha), terms of reference of panels (DSU 7) and DSU 717
specific action against dumping (AD 18.1) or subsidy (SCM 32.1) in accordance with GATT VI as interpreted by AD/SCM Agreement AD 957?a href="anti_dumping_05_e.htm#958">8
揳gainst? AD 957
US ?Offset Act (Byrd Amendment) (Article 21.3(c)), WT/DS217/14
developing countries (DSU 21.2) (implementation of DSB recommendations and rulings) DSU 1010
panel抯 discretionary suggestions, legal effect DSU 986
implementation of panel or AB recommendations (DSU 19.1), panel抯 discretionary suggestions DSU 986
搑easonable period?for implementation of recommendations and rulings (Article 21.3(c) arbitrations)
15-month guideline DSU 1041
choice of methods, relevance DSU 1078
as legal criterion DSU 1059
contentiousness/political sensitivity, relevance DSU 1059
developing countries and (DSU 21.2) DSU 1010
harm to economic operators, relevance DSU 1066
international obligations, relevance DSU 1059
legislative schedule and DSU 1072
limitation to cases of impracticality DSU 1015
搑easonable? DSU 1036
structural adjustment, relevance of need for DSU 1066
US ?Offset Act (Byrd Amendment) (Brazil) (Article 22.6 ?US), WT/DS217/ARB/BRA, DSR 2004:IX, suspension of concessions for non-implementation of DSB recommendations and rulings (DSU 22), level equivalent to nullification or impairment (DSU 22.4), trade effect and DSU 1226
US ?Offset Act (Byrd Amendment) (Canada) (Article 22.6 ?US), WT/DS234/ARB/CAN, DS 2004:IX
arbitration (DSU 22.6)
scope of review/arbitrators?mandate/task (DSU 22.7), suspension of concessions or 搊ther obligations? limitations on role DSU 1220?a href="dsu_08_e.htm#1222">2
working procedures DSU 1212
suspension of concessions for non-implementation of DSB recommendations and rulings (DSU 22)
agreement to DSU 1272
搊r other obligations? authorization to suspend (DSU 22.2) DSU 1194
搒pecific? DSU 1197
US ?Offset Act (Byrd Amendment) (Mexico) (Article 22.6 ?US), WT/DS234/ARB/MEX, DSR 2004:IX, suspension of concessions for non-implementation of DSB recommendations and rulings (DSU 22), 搊r other obligations? authorization to suspend (DSU 22.2) DSU 1195
US ?Offset Act (Byrd Amendment) (Article 22.6) (all), WT/DS217/ARB, DSR 2004:IX
arbitration (DSU 22.6), 搒pecific? product list DSU 1188
of concessions for non-implementation of DSB recommendations and rulings (DSU 22), level equivalent to nullification or impairment (DSU 22.4), reasoned estimates, need for DSU 1230
nature and purpose of counter measures DSU 1181?a href="dsu_08_e.htm#1182">2
nullification or impairment (DSU 3.8), presumption in case of inconsistency with covered agreement DSU 1225
suspension of concessions for non-implementation of DSB recommendations and rulings (DSU 22)
inducement of compliance as objective DSU 1181?a href="dsu_08_e.htm#1182">2
level equivalent to nullification or impairment (DSU 22.4) DSU 1205?a href="dsu_08_e.htm#1206">6
disbursements operating as subsidies DSU 1238
US ?Oil Country Tubular Goods Sunset Reviews (AB), WT/DS268/AB/R, DSR 2004:VII
determination of injury (AD 3)
cumulative assessment (AD 3.3), sunset review (AD 11.3), applicability to AD 796
損ositive evidence?/ 搊bjective examination? requirement (AD 3.1), sunset review (AD 11.3), applicability to AD 768
due process (anti-dumping measures) (AD 6), as underlying principle AD 425
evidence (dumping investigation) (AD 6)
揳mple opportunity to present in writing all evidence?(AD 6.1), obligation to take all submitted information into account SCM 390 n. 643
due process as underlying principle AD 425
balance of interests considerations AD 444
time杔imits, right to set (AD 6.1.1), sunset reviews AD 444?a href="anti_dumping_03_e.htm#445">5
good faith (including pacta sunt servanda principle (VCLT 26)), seriousness of claim/need for diligence in presentation DSU 279
identification of specific measures (DSU 6.2), 搒ufficient to present the problem clearly? DSU 340
legal status of adopted AB reports (DSU 17.14), as precedent DSU 902
legislation as such, right to challenge (WTO XVI:4)
claims 揳s such?vs claims 揳s applied? relevance of distinction DSU 337
normative value as determining factor DSU 283
seriousness of claim/need for diligence in presentation DSU 279
搈easures at issue?(DSU 6.2), 損ractice? as DSU 269
relationships within and between agreements
AD 3/AD 11.3 AD 767?a href="anti_dumping_04_e.htm#768">8
AD 3.3/AD 11.3 AD 796
AD 3.7/AD 11.3 AD 787
request for establishment of panel, requirements (DSU 6.2), due process/ability to defend itself considerations DSU 340
standard/powers of review (AB) (issues of law and legal interpretations) (DSU 17.6), law vs fact, panel as trier of facts DSU 611
sunset review (AD 11.3) (including 搇ikelihood? test)
cumulative assessment (AD 3.3), applicability AD 796
mandatory rule/exception AD 756
methodology
absence of specific provision AD 767?a href="anti_dumping_04_e.htm#768">8
搇ikelihood of injury?obligations (AD 3), applicability AD 767?a href="anti_dumping_04_e.htm#768">8
overall/separate factor determination AD 801
損ositive evidence? need for AD 761
time-frame AD 778
US ?Oil Country Tubular Goods Sunset Reviews (Panel), WT/DS268/AB/R, DSR 2004:VIII
burden of proof (general rules), prima facie case requirement AD 610
determination of dumping (AD 2)
calculation of normal value, factors to be taken into account (AD 2.1), sale 揹estined for consumption in exporting country? AD 25
determination of dumping (AD 2), calculation of dumping margins (AD 2.4), comparability of price AD 25
due process (dispute settlement proceedings), prejudice to party, relevance DSU 344
evidence (dumping investigation) (AD 6), notification to all interested parties of essential facts under consideration (AD 6.9), choice of means AD 610
implementation of panel or AB recommendations (DSU 19.1), panel抯 decision not to make suggestions DSU 979
oils, sunset review (AD 11.3) (including 搇ikelihood? test), 損ositive evidence? need for, presumptions, exclusion AD 774?a href="anti_dumping_04_e.htm#775">5
relationships within and between agreements
AD 3/AD 11.3 AD 765?a href="anti_dumping_04_e.htm#766">6
request for establishment of panel, requirements (DSU 6.2), due process/ability to defend itself considerations DSU 344
standard/powers of review (panel) (DSU 11), 搊bjective assessment of matter before it? events during proceedings, exclusion from panel抯 considerations DSU 942
sunset review (AD 11.3) (including 搇ikelihood? test)
methodology
absence of specific provision AD 765?a href="anti_dumping_04_e.htm#766">6, 786
搇ikelihood of injury?obligations (AD 3), applicability AD 765?a href="anti_dumping_04_e.htm#766">6
time-frame AD 786
US ?Oil Country Tubular Goods Sunset Reviews (Article 21.3(c)), WT/DS268/12, DSR 2005:XXIII
developing countries (DSU 21.2) (implementation of DSB recommendations and rulings), 搑easonable period?(DSU 21.3(c)) DSU 1067
搑easonable period?for implementation of recommendations and rulings (Article 21.3(c) arbitrations)
administrative measures as means of implementation, relevance DSU 1048
developing countries and (DSU 21.2) DSU 1067
US ?Oil Country Tubular Goods Sunset Reviews (Article 21.5 ?Argentina) (AB), WT/DS268/AB/RW, DSR 2007:IX
arguendo assumptions, 揺ven assuming? DSU 658?a href="dsu_05_e.htm#659">9
relationships within and between agreements, AD 11.3/DSU 11 816
standard/powers of review (AB) (issues of law and legal interpretations) (DSU 17.6), completion of the legal analysis, difficulty of, inadequacy of the record/arguendo assumptions DSU 658?a href="dsu_05_e.htm#659">9
sunset review (AD 11.3) (including 搇ikelihood? test)
company-specific determination, need for AD 785
determination of likelihood
volume analysis
adequacy of analysis AD 781
analysis from previous review as part 搈easure taken to comply? AD 782
standard of review, objective assessment (DSU 11) and AD 804
waiver of right to participate AD 785
US ?Oil Country Tubular Goods Sunset Reviews (Article 21.5 ?Argentina) (Panel), WT/DS268/RW
anti-dumping duties, duration and review (AD 11), special rules and procedures (DSU 1.2), whether DSU 12
confidential information (AD 6.5), non-confidential summaries (AD 6.5.1), access to confidential information, relevance AD 516
due process (anti-dumping measures) (AD 6), as underlying principle AD 426
evidence (dumping investigation) (AD 6)
due process as underlying principle AD 426
questionnaires (AD 6.1.1), supplementary questionnaires, obligation/practice AD 435
sunset review procedures compared AD 792
timely disclosure to interested parties of information relevant for presentation of case (AD 6.4)
搃nformation used by the authorities? AD 484
sunset reviews and AD 484?a href="anti_dumping_03_e.htm#485">5
pressure of time, relevance AD 485
implementation of panel or AB recommendations (DSU 19.1), subsequent proceedings/continuance of recommendations DSU 944
relationships within and between agreements,AD11/DSU 1.2 DSU 12
special or additional rules and procedures (DSU 1.2 and Appendix 2), arrangements considered for classification as, AD 17 DSU 12
sunset review (AD 11.3) (including 搇ikelihood? test)
company-specific determination, need for AD 784?a href="anti_dumping_04_e.htm#785">5
determination of likelihood
likely past dumping AD 777
volume analysis
adequacy of analysis AD 780
analysis from previous review as part 搈easure taken to comply? AD 778?a href="anti_dumping_04_e.htm#779">9
original investigation distinguished, new factual basis AD 791?a href="anti_dumping_04_e.htm#792">2, 819
損ositive evidence? need for AD 769
time-frame
new factual basis and AD 792
specification, relevance AD 788
waiver of right to participate AD 784
US ?Orange Juice (Brazil) (Panel), WT/DS382/R
consultation and dispute settlement (AD 17), legal basis for consultation/claim (AD 17.3/AD 17.4), 搈easure?(AD 17.4), continued zeroing AD 897
揹umping?(AD 2.1)
ambiguity/alternatives AD 934?a href="anti_dumping_04_e.htm#935">5
product specific requirement AD 19
interpretation of covered agreements, rules relating to including VCLT provisions, parties?common intentions (VCLT 31 (1)), ordinary meaning as aid in establishing AD 934
lex specialis/presumption against treaty conflicts AD 934
搝eroing?(AD 9.3/GATT VI:2)
comparison of weighted average normal value with weighted average of all comparable export transactions (AD 2.4.2), transaction-to-transaction method AD 136
as 搈easure?(AD 17.4) AD 897
US ?Poultry (China) (Panel), WT/DS392/R
ALOPs (SPS 5.4?.6 and Annex A(5))
consistency in application (SPS 5.5), 搒pecific? SPS 221, 223
measures 搉ot more trade restrictive than required to achieve their appropriate level of ?protection?(SPS 5.6), 揳ppropriate level? determination, Member抯 prerogative SPS 253
揳ny procedure to check and ensure? applicability (Annex C(1)(a))
揳ny procedure to check and ensure?(Annex C(1)(a))
development of SPS measures SPS 552
title or characterization of measure, relevance SPS 554
揳rbitrary or unjustifiable discrimination?/p>
揹iscrimination?in SPS 5.5 and TRIPs 3 and 4 compared SPS 243
ordinary meaning SPS 231
use in GATT XX, SPS 2.3 and SPS 5.5 compared SPS 232?a href="sps_02_e.htm#233">3, 242
arbitrary or unjustifiable distinctions resulting in discrimination or disguised restriction on international trade (SPS 5.5), disguised restriction on international trade/warning signals SPS 239
consultations (DSU 4)
adequacy of consultations (DSU 4.5), Panel responsibilities in relation to DSU 163
conditional request DSU 148
confidentiality (DSU 4.6), determining adequacy of consultations and DSU 163
notification of request for (DSU 4.4), legal basis of the complaint, DSU 6.2 compared DSU 158
Equivalence, Decision on Implementation of SPS 4 (26 October 2001), SPS 4/SPS as a whole, status as non-binding instrument SPS 105
identification of specific measures (DSU 6.2), recommendations of panel/DSB (DSU 19.2), effect DSU 394
implementation of panel or AB recommendations (DSU 19.1)
identification of specific measures (DSU 6.2), (DSU 6.2) and DSU 394
measure terminated in course of proceedings/no longer in existence DSU 937
interim review (DSU 15), reargument of case, exclusion DSU 785
interpretation of covered agreements, rules relating to including VCLT provisions
dictionaries SPS 231
same or closely related phrases in different agreements, SPS 5.5/TRIPS 3 and 4 SPS 243
same or closely related phrases in same agreement
DSU 4.4/DSU 6.2 (搇egal basis of the complaint? DSU 158
GATT XX chapeau/SPS 2.3/SPS 5.5 (揳rbitrary or unjustifiable? SPS 232?a href="sps_02_e.htm#233">3
as a whole/holistic/harmonious exercise WTO 22, DSU 158
legal basis of claim / 揷laim?/ 搈atter referred?(DSU 6.2/7.1), request for consultations (DSU 4.4) compared DSU 158
lex specialis/presumption against treaty conflicts
General Interpretative Note (WTO Annex 1A) DSU 1727
possibilities of conflict considered by panel/AB, GATT XX(b)/SCM DSU 1727
搇ike product?(GATT III:2 and III:4)
搇ike product?analysis, nationality of producer or origin of product (揾ypothetical?like products) GATT 43
relevant factors
consumer preferences GATT 42
end-uses GATT 42
physical properties GATT 42
tariff classifications GATT 42
MFN treatment (GATT I:1)
揳ccorded immediately and unconditionally to the like product? differential treatment on the basis of origin of product and GATT 54
揳dvantage? access to certification procedures GATT 37
揳ll rules and formalities? 搃n connection with importation? GATT 30
ordinary meaning of terms used in covered agreements
揳rbitrary or unjustifiable? SPS 231
揺laborate?(SPS preamble) SPS 596
quantitative restrictions, elimination (GATT XI), 損rohibition or restriction?(GATT XI:1), import prohibition GATT 610
relationships within and between agreements DSU 394
GATT XX(b)/SPS SPS 596?a href="sps_03_e.htm#598">8
SPS 2.2/SPS 5.1 and 5.2 SPS 49
SPS 4/SPS Annex C(1) SPS 586
SPS 4/SPS as a whole SPS 105, 119?a href="sps_01_e.htm#120">20
SPS 5.1/Annex A(4) SPS 527
SPS 5.1/SPS 5.5 SPS 233
SPS 8/Annex C(1) SPS 374
SPS Annex A(4), relationships within SPS 528
risk assessment, need for (SPS 5.1?.3)
measures 揳ppropriate to the circumstances?(SPS 5.1) SPS 133
搈easures at issue?(DSU 6.2), termination following agreement on terms of reference DSU 394
risk assessment (SPS Annex A(4)(4)), elements/three-pronged nature of test SPS 133
scientific evidence, need for sufficient (SPS 2.2), rational and objective relationship between SPS measure and scientific evidence, need for SPS 22
SPS Agreement
applicability (SPS 1.1), 搈easures which may directly or indirectly affect trade? SPS 13
basic rights and obligations (SPS 2), applicability to SPS as a whole SPS 20
GATT XX(b) and GATT 950
慡PS control, inspection and approval procedures (SPS 8 and Annex C), 揳ny procedure to check and ensure? applicability (Annex C(1)(a)), comprehensive nature of provision SPS 553
SPS measure, definition/classification as (Annex A(1))
legal form and nature, relevance/distinguishability SPS 456
purpose as test SPS 457
substantive measures and procedural requirements distinguished SPS 459
standard/powers of review (panel) (DSU 11), 搊bjective assessment of matter before it? independent assessment, in absence of contested claims DSU 524
third party enhanced rights/rights beyond those indicated in DSU 10.2, DSU 10.3 and Appendix 3, para. 6 DSU 486
WTO Agreement, as single undertaking (WTO II:2) WTO 22
US ?Section 110(5) Copyright Act (Panel), WT/DS160/R, DSR 2000:VIII
Berne Convention DSU 101
Berne Convention/TRIPS
applicability to WTO members (TRIPS 9) TRIPS 85?a href="trips_01_e.htm#86">6
broadcasting (Berne 11 bis)
compulsory licence, right to substitute (Berne 11 bis(2)) TRIPS 98
TRIPS 13 distinguished TRIPS 111
nature and scope of protection TRIPS 96
as specific application of Berne 11 rule TRIPS 95
control of circulation, presentation or exhibition (Berne 17), special agreements (Berne 20)/TRIPS 2.2, possibility of inconsistency with TRIPS 105
minor exceptions doctrine TRIPS 100?, DSU 1560?a href="dsu_10_e.htm#1561">1
agreement on as 揳greement ?made in connection with the conclusion of the treaty?(VCLT 31(2)(a)) TRIPS 101
Berne Convention acquis/context for interpreting (VCLT 31(2)) TRIPS 100?, DSU 1560?a href="dsu_10_e.htm#1561">1
incorporation into TRIPS TRIPS 101
lex specialis/presumption against treaty conflicts and TRIPS 88
order of analysis TRIPS 100?a href="trips_01_e.htm#101">1
public performance (Berne 11)
scope TRIPS 92
types of communication TRIPS 93
relationship (TRIPS 9)
incorporation, effect TRIPS 85?a href="trips_01_e.htm#86">6
limitations and exceptions (TRIPS 13), applicability to Berne 11/11 bis TRIPS 110?a href="trips_01_e.htm#112">12
Convention (1971)/TRIPS, relationship (TRIPS 9), successive treaties relating to the same subject matter (VCLT 30) and TRIPS 101
copyright and related rights (TRIPS Part II Section 1)
limitations and exceptions (TRIPS 13)
?/i>certain special cases? TRIPS 114?a href="trips_01_e.htm#116">16
cumulative nature TRIPS 109
legitimacy/legitimate public policy and TRIPS 114?a href="trips_01_e.htm#116">16
new TRIPS rights, whether limited to TRIPS 107, 110
public performance (Berne 11)/broadcasting (Berne 11 bis), applicability to TRIPS 110?a href="trips_01_e.htm#112">12
搘hich do not conflict with a normal exploitation of the work?/p>
application to individual exclusive rights, need for TRIPS 119
criteria/test TRIPS 120?a href="trips_01_e.htm#121">1
揺xploit? TRIPS 117
搉ormal? TRIPS 118
搘hich do not unreasonably prejudice the legitimate interests of the right holder?/p>
equitable remuneration and TRIPS 118 n. 123
搃nterests? TRIPS 122?a href="trips_01_e.htm#123">3
搇egitimate? TRIPS 123
ordinary meaning TRIPS 123
損rejudice? criteria/test TRIPS 124?a href="trips_01_e.htm#126">6
搖nreasonably? TRIPS 124
interpretation of covered agreements, rules relating to including VCLT provisions
context (VCLT 31(2))
揳ny agreement relating to ?made in connection with the conclusion厰 (VCLT 31(2)(a)) TRIPS 100?a href="trips_01_e.htm#101">1, DSU 1560?a href="dsu_10_e.htm#1561">1
minor exceptions doctrine DSU 1560?a href="dsu_10_e.htm#1561">1
搕eachings of the most highly qualified publicists?(ICJ Statute 38 (1)(d)) TRIPS 115
as a whole/holistic/harmonious exercise TRIPS 88, 118
legitimate interests, TRIPS 13 TRIPS 109, 118 n. 123, 122?a href="trips_01_e.htm#126">6
lex specialis/presumption against treaty conflicts
possibilities of conflict considered by panel/AB
TRIPS/Berne Convention TRIPS 85?a href="trips_01_e.htm#86">6, 88
TRIPS/WIPO Copyright Agreement (1967) TRIPS 89
ordinary meaning of terms used in covered agreements
揺xclusive right?(TRIPS 16.1) TRIPS 131
揺xploit?(TRIPS 13) TRIPS 117
搃nterests?(TRIPS 13) TRIPS 123
搉ormal?(TRIPS 13) TRIPS 118
損rejudice?(TRIPS 13) TRIPS 123
搖nreasonably prejudice?(TRIPS 13) TRIPS 124
preparatory work (VCLT 32), TRIPS 13 TRIPS 118 n. 123
relationships within and between agreements
Berne 11/Berne 11 bis TRIPS 95
Berne 13/Berne 20 and TRIPS 2.2 TRIPS 105
successive treaties relating to the same subject matter (VCLT 30)
搈inor exceptions?doctrine and TRIPS 101
WIPO Copyright Agreement (1996) DSU 1533
trademarks (TRIPS Part II Section 2), 搇imited exceptions?(TRIPS 17), burden of proof TRIPS 144
WIPO Copyright Agreement (1996)
lex specialis/presumption against treaty conflicts TRIPS 89
successive treaties relating to the same subject matter (VCLT 30) and DSU 1533
US ?Section 110(5) Copyright Act (Article 21.3(c)), WT/DS160/12, DSR 2001:II
implementation of DSB recommendations and rulings (DSU 21), prompt compliance (DSU 21.1), adoption of report, obligation to begin implementation following DSU 1004
搑easonable period?for implementation of recommendations and rulings (Article 21.3(c) arbitrations)
contentiousness/political sensitivity, relevance DSU 1057
obligation to commence implementation in good time DSU 1044
US ?Section 110(5) Copyright Act (Article 25.3), WT/DS160/ARB25/1, DSR 2001:II
arbitration (DSU 25)
advantages DSU 1330
as alternative to panel procedure DSU 1329, 1337, 1340
applicable law
AB practice DSU 1335
burden of proof (DSU 22.6) DSU 1328
DSU 21 and 22 (DSU 25.4) DSU 1329, 1336
confidentiality of proceedings, applicability of AB practice DSU 1335
jurisdiction/arbitrators?mandate
agreement of parties (DSU 25.1 and 25.2) as basis DSU 1330, 1340
comp閠ence de la comp閠ence DSU 1327
determination of level of nullification or impairment (DSU 3.8) and DSU 1327, 1329?a href="dsu_09_e.htm#1330">30
determination of WTO-consistency of measure DSU 1336
prompt and satisfactory resolution of disputes, Members?right to (DSU 3) and DSU 1330, 1343
procedural requirements
Article 22.6 proceedings distinguished DSU 1333, 1342
consistency with WTO rules and principles, responsibility for ensuring DSU 1326
notification of arbitration to DSB, limitation to DSU 1326, 1338
Berne Convention/TRIPS
broadcasting (Berne 11 bis), Members? obligations and rights holders?exercise/exploitation of rights distinguished TRIPS 97
public performance (Berne 11), Members? obligations and rights holders?exercise/exploitation of rights distinguished TRIPS 94
burden of proof (general rules), arbitration (DSU 25) DSU 1328
competence of panels and AB (DSU 3.2/DSU 11/DSU 17), comp閠ence de la comp閠ence/obligation to address jurisdictional issues [on own motion], as general rule of international arbitration DSU 1327
confidentiality of proceedings (DSU 14/DSU 17.10/DSU 18.2/WP 3)
acceptance of information or technical advice (DSU 13) and DSU 764, 1334
non-confidential summary of information (DSU 18.2) DSU 1335
DSU, 揹ispute settlement? expeditious arbitration as alternative means (DSU 25.1) DSU 1329, 1337, 1341
information or technical advice, panel抯 right to seek (DSU 13.1/SPS 11.2)
confidential information (SG 3.2) and DSU 764
confidentiality considerations DSU 764, 1334
panel抯 rights, to accept or reject requested information or advice DSU 1334
prompt and satisfactory settlement (DSU 3.3), impairment of benefits by measures taken by another Member (DSU 3.3), arbitration (DSU 25) and DSU 1330, 1343
relationships within and between agreements, DSU 3.3/DSU 25 DSU 1343
standard/powers of review (panel) (DSU 11), 搊bjective assessment of the facts? facts available at time of establishment of panel, limitation to DSU 1333
suspension of concessions for non-implementation of DSB recommendations and rulings (DSU 22)
level equivalent to nullification or impairment (DSU 22.4)
Article 25.3 Arbitrator抯 right to review DSU 1327, 1329?a href="dsu_09_e.htm#1330">30
benefits foregone by right holders and Member distinguished DSU 1332
critical date DSU 1333
economic benefits as measure DSU 1331
TRIPS Agreement, implementation obligation (TRIPS 1.1) TRIPS 94 n. 95
US ?Section 129(c)(1) URAA (Panel), WT/DS221/R, DSR 2002:VII
implementation of DSB recommendations and rulings (DSU 21), suspension of WTO-inconsistent measure during 搑easonable period of time? need for DSU 1095?a href="dsu_08_e.htm#1096">6
legislation as such, right to challenge (WTO XVI:4)
mandatory/discretionary legislation, distinguishability AD 880
assessment of mandatory nature DSU 295
order of analysis
mandatory nature of legislation/consistency with WTO obligations AD 880
mandatory/discretionary nature of legislation/substance DSU 295
搑easonable period?for implementation of recommendations and rulings (Article 21.3(c) arbitrations), continued application of WTO-inconsistent measures during reasonable period DSU 1095?a href="dsu_08_e.htm#1096">6
US ?Section 211 Appropriations Act (AB), WT/DS176/AB/R, DSR 2002:II
AB procedures (DSU 17.9 and ABWP), written reponses (ABWP 28), requests for additional memoranda/submissions DSU 1463
domestic law
as evidence of
compliance with international obligations DSU 532, 847
determination as legal issue DSU 847
interpretation of legislation distinguished
as fact for purposes of international adjudication DSU 532
fair and equitable procedures (TRIPS 42)
international minimum standard (TRIPS 1.3) and TRIPS 223
as procedural requirement TRIPS 223?a href="trips_03_e.htm#224">4
搑ight holders? TRIPS 222
intellectual property conventions (TRIPS 2)
national treatment (PC 2(1))/TRIPS 3.1 TRIPS 20
trade names (PC 8) TRIPS 19, 30, DSU 870
intellectual property rights, availability, scope and use (TRIPS Part II), 搃ntellectual property?(TRIPS 1.2), categories covered TRIPS 12
international minimum standard (TRIPS 1.3), procedural rights (TRIPS 42) and TRIPS 223
interpretation of covered agreements, rules relating to including VCLT provisions, effectiveness principle (ut res magis valeat quam pereat/effet utile) DSU 870
legislation as such, right to challenge (WTO XVI:4), mandatory/ discretionary legislation, distinguishability DSU 300 n. 483
MFN treatment (TRIPS 4), 損rotection of intellectual property?(chapeau), trade names, applicability of findings on trade marks TRIPS 67
national treatment (TRIPS 3)
揺njoy the advantages?(PC 2.1) distinguished TRIPS 20
搕reatment no less favourable?(TRIPS 3.1)
GATT III:4 compared TRIPS 27, 39
GATT practice TRIPS 61
offset TRIPS 39?a href="trips_01_e.htm#43">43, 66
applicability to all trademark owners requirement TRIPS 40?a href="trips_01_e.htm#41">1
discretionary administrative procedure as TRIPS 42?a href="trips_01_e.htm#43">3
ordinary meaning of terms used in covered agreements, 搊wner?(TRIPS 16.1) TRIPS 130
Paris Convention (PC)/TRIPS
applicability of Paris Convention, obligation to argue/make prima facie case TRIPS 22
national treatment (PC 2(1)) TRIPS 20
standard/powers of Review (AB) (issues of law and legal
interpretations) (DSU 17.6)
completion of the legal analysis in case of, contentiousness/omission/insufficiency of facts DSU 870
law vs fact, compliance/consistency with treaty obligations, assessment of domestic law for purpose of determining DSU 847
standard/powers of review (panel) (DSU 11), 搊bjective assessment of matter before it? independent assessment of domestic law DSU 532
trade names, obligation to comply with PC 8 as incorporated by TRIPS 2.1 TRIPS 19, 30
applicability of trademark findings TRIPS 55
MFN treatment (TRIPS 4), applicability of findings on trademarks TRIPS 67
ownership issues and TRIPS 31
trademarks (Paris Convention (PC))
protection in other countries of the Union (PC 6quinquies), 揳s is?/ 搕elle quelle? TRIPS 29
registration conditions (PC 6), Members? discretion (PC 6(1)) TRIPS 25
trademarks (TRIPS Part II Section 2)
denial of protection on 搊ther grounds?(TRIPS 15.2) TRIPS 128
搊ther grounds?for denial of registration (TRIPS 15.2) TRIPS 128
損rotectable subject-matter?(TRIPS 15) TRIPS 127?a href="trips_01_e.htm#128">8
揹istinctiveness?requirements, restrictions on legislative conditions and TRIPS 127
rights conferred (TRIPS 16)
搈aking rights available on the basis of use? TRIPS 135
搕he owner?(TRIPS 16.1) TRIPS 130
usage and registration as basis of ownership distinguished TRIPS 130
US ?Section 211 Appropriations Act (Panel), WT/DS176/R, DSR 2002:II
abuse of rights/abus de droit, pacta sunt servanda/performance in
good faith (VCLT 26) and TRIPS 77
good faith (including pacta sunt servanda principle (VCLT 26))
abuse of rights/abus de droit and TRIPS 77
balance of rights and obligations as objective (TRIPS 7) TRIPS 77
interpretation of covered agreements, rules relating to including VCLT provisions, 揳ny subsequent agreement ? regarding its interpretation or application?(VCLT 31(3) (a)) DSU 1577
national treatment (TRIPS 3), 搕reatment no less favourable?(TRIPS 3.1), difference of treatment between EU and non-EU members TRIPS 48
relationships within and between agreements, GATT III:4/TRIPS 3.1 GATT 416
trade names, obligation to comply with PC 8 as incorporated by TRIPS 2.1 TRIPS 19
trademarks (Paris Convention (PC)), well-known trademarks, prohibition on use (PC 6 bis) TRIPS 26
TRIPS Agreement
implementation obligation (TRIPS 1.1), good faith (including pacta sunt servanda principle (VCLT 26)) TRIPS 77
object and purpose (preamble/TRIPS 7), balance of rights and obligations TRIPS 77
US ?Section 301 Trade Act (Panel), WT/DS152/R, DSR 2000:II
burden of proof (general rules), prima facie case requirement, inconclusive outcome / 揺quipoise? DSU 545
customary international law rules of interpretation [as codified in the VCLT] as applicable law (DSU 3.2), general rule of interpretation (VCLT 31) as DSU 1537
domestic law
as evidence of
compliance with international obligations DSU 527
interpretation of legislation distinguished, DSU 527
as fact for purposes of international adjudication DSU 527
DSU dispute settlement
obligation to have recourse to (DSU 23.1)
as 揺xclusive jurisdiction?clause DSU 1310
搑ecourse to, and abide by? DSU 1310
time-frame (DSU 12.8, 12.9, 17.5 and 20), indicative nature DSU 995
evidence (dumping investigation) (AD 6), on-the-spot verification (AD 6.7), participation of non-governmental experts (Annex I, para. 2), notification of participation, burden of proof AD 530
good faith interpretation of treaty (VCLT 31(1))
avoidance of legislation threatening prohibited conduct DSU 1544
ordinary meaning of the text and DSU 1543
international law / 搑elevant rules of international law?(VCLT 31 (3)(c)) with particular reference to the interpretation of covered agreements (DSU 3(2)), legislation as such and DSU 339
legislation as such, right to challenge (WTO XVI:4) WTO 286
mandatory/discretionary legislation, distinguishability
assessment of mandatory nature DSU 295
DSU 23 and WTO 286, DSU 296, 1312
rejection/non-endorsement of doctrine DSU 296
relevance DSU 296
State responsibility and DSU 339
unilateral action (DSU 23) and DSU 339, 1312
搑easonable period?for implementation of recommendations and rulings (Article 21.3(c) arbitrations), determination by WTO or parties jointly DSU 1314
relationships within and between agreements
DSU 23/WTO XVI:4 WTO 286
DSU 23.1/DSU 23.2 DSU 1298
security and predictability of WTO obligations (DSU 3.2) DSU 988
as WTO objective DSU 44
sovereignty, unilateral statements and DSU 1685
standard/powers of review (panel) (DSU 11), 搊bjective assessment of matter before it? independent assessment of domestic law DSU 527
State responsibility as rule/general principle of international law (ILC Articles), legislation as such and DSU 339
suspension of concessions for non-implementation of DSB recommendations and rulings (DSU 22), WTO authorization, need for (DSU 3.7, 22.6 and 23.2(c)), cumulative nature of DSU 23.2(c) obligations DSU 1316
unilateral action by Member, prohibition (DSU 23.1)
legislation [as such] in breach of unilateral undertaking DSU 132, 339
relationship between DSU 23.1 and 23.2 DSU 1298
unilateral statements, legal effect DSU 1685
WTO Agreement, preamble, 搒ecure and predictable? WTO 10
US ?Section 337 (GATT Panel), BISD 365/345, national treatment, regulatory discrimination (GATT III:4), 搇ess favourable treatment? equality of competitive conditions as test GATT 370, 371
US ?Shrimp (Viet Nam) (Panel)
Anti-Dumping Agreement (AD), applicability (AD 18.3), pre-/post-WTO reviews AD 967
anti-dumping duties, imposition and collection (AD 9)
assessment (AD 9.3), 損roduct as a whole?(AD 2.1) and AD 685
calculation of 揳ll other?anti-dumping duty rate (AD 9.4), margins established under circumstances referred to in AD 6.8, exclusion, lacuna situation AD 711?a href="anti_dumping_03_e.htm#716">16
determination of dumping (AD 2), fair comparison of export price and normal value (AD 2.4), NMEs and (Note 2 Ad Article VI:1) GATT 458, AD 167, 715
publication and administration of trade regulations (GATT X), independent tribunals (GATT X:3(b)) GATT 586
relationships within and between agreements, AD 2.1/AD 9.4 AD 711
sampling (AD 6.10)
choice of sample AD 635
voluntary responses (AD 6.10.2) AD 638
US ?Shrimp dispute (WT/DS58), 搒equencing? (interrelationship between Article 21.5 and Article 22.6 arbitration, ad hoc procedural agreements), recourse to Article 21.5 before Article 22 DSU 1159
US ?Shrimp (AB), WT/DS58/AB/R, DSR 1998:VII
AB procedures (DSU 17.9 and ABWP)
appellant抯 submission (ABWP 21), materials attached to as integral part DSU 1431
written reponses (ABWP 28), requests for additional memoranda/submissions DSU 1461
abuse of rights/abus de droit, pacta sunt servanda/performance in good faith (VCLT 26) TRIPS 77, DSU 1501
access to dispute settlement process, limitation to WTO Members DSU 516
amicus curiae briefs
AB and, right to accept (DSU 17.9) DSU 516
panel抯 authority/discretion to accept or reject DSU 516, 685, 697, 738?a href="dsu_06_e.htm#739">9
rejection as error of law DSU 739
third party rights distinguished DSU 516, 685
arbitrary or unjustifiable discrimination, GATT XX measure as (GATT XX chapeau)
揵etween countries where the same conditions prevail? GATT 242, 859
between importing and exporting countries GATT 861
constituent elements GATT 859, 862, 864
discrimination in substantive GATT obligations distinguished GATT 858, 864
failure to consider appropriateness of regulatory programme and GATT 865?a href="gatt1994_07_e.htm#867">7
DSB
access to, limitation to WTO Members DSU 516
proper parties DSU 516
environment, protection as legitimate goal of national and international policy WTO 2
GATT 1947, WTO continuity with WTO 3
General Exceptions (GATT XX) (general)
obligation to comply with domestic legislation, relevance GATT 845
limited and conditional nature of exceptions GATT 856
two-step analysis (justification under paras. (a)-(j)/compliance with chapeau) GATT 849, 856
General Exceptions (GATT XX), preamble/chapeau
as balance between competing rights GATT 846, 856?a href="gatt1994_07_e.htm#857">7
good faith (including pacta sunt servanda principle (VCLT 26)) and GATT 857, DSU 1501
preparatory work (VCLT 32) GATT 856
prevention of abuses of exceptions as objective GATT 856
General Exceptions (GATT XX(d)), measures necessary to secure compliance with GATT-consistent measure, constituent elements, 搉ecessary?to secure compliance, balancing of factors GATT 919
General Exceptions (GATT XX(g)), measures relating to the conservation of exhaustible natural resources
揺xhaustible natural resources?/p>
as evolutionary concept/intertemporal law WTO 2, GATT 935, GATS 5 n. 7, DSU 1596, 1618
living natural resources, whether WTO 2, GATT 935
sustainable development as objective WTO 2, 3
揻ull use of the resources of the world? distinguishedWTO3
WTO Preamble as aid to interpretation WTO 2, GATT 858
jurisdictional limitation, whether GATT 934
搈ade effective in conjunction with? as balance between conservation and domestic production/consumption GATT 947
搑elating to? 損rimarily aimed at? distinguished GATT 942
good faith (including pacta sunt servanda principle (VCLT 26))
abuse of rights/abus de droit and GATT 857, TRIPS 77, DSU 1501
as fundamental rule of treaty interpretation/performances 1501
GATT XX and GATT 857
as general principle of international law DSU 1594
as general principle of law DSU 1594
good faith (including pacta sunt servanda principle (VCLT 26)), definition DSU 1501
treaty performance and
information or technical advice, panel抯 right to seek (DSU 13.1/SPS 11.2)
comprehensive nature of panel抯 authority DSU 736, 738
discretion not to seek DSU 736, 738?a href="dsu_06_e.htm#739">9, 754 n. 1216, 757 n. 1220
discretion to accept or reject unrequested information or advice DSU 738?a href="dsu_06_e.htm#739">9
panel抯 right to evaluate source of information or advice DSU 736
panel抯 rights
to accept or reject requested information or advice DSU 738?a href="dsu_06_e.htm#739">9
to evaluate information or advice DSU 736
international law / 搑elevant rules of international law?(VCLT 31 (3)(c)) with particular reference to the interpretation of covered agreements (DSU 3(2)) DSU 1587
good faith as GATT 857
as supplementary means / 搕aken into account? DSU 1596
interpretation of covered agreements, rules relating to including VCLT provisions
evolutionary approach/intertemporal law WTO 2, GATT 935, DSU 1596, 1618
object and purpose, caution in use of DSU 1568
parties?common intentions (VCLT 31(1)), preamble as reflection of GATT 858
notice of appeal, requirements (ABWP 20(2))
statement of allegation of error on issues of law/legal interpretations (ABWP 20(2)(d))
identification of facts requiring panel to draw inferences DSU 1411
indication of appropriate factual or legal inferences DSU 1411
legal argument in support of claim distinguished DSU 1411
panel procedures (DSU 12 and Appendix 3 (WP))
access to dispute settlement process (DSU 12.6) DSU 516, 697
submission, right of (DSU 12.6 and WP 4) DSU 516, 697
panel reports, high quality/flexibility of panel procedures balance (DSU 12.2) DSU 685
preparatory work (VCLT 32), GATT XX GATT 856
publication and administration of trade regulations (GATT X)
transparency and due process, GATT X:3 and GATT 548
uniform, impartial and reasonable administration (GATT X:3(a))
due process requirement GATT 552 n. 774
搖niform? 搃mpartial?and 搑easonable? as independent elements GATT 550
relationships within and between agreements, GATT XX chapeau/GATT XX paras. (a)-(i) exceptions GATT 849
special or additional procedures (panel) (DSU 12.1), margin of discretion DSU 685
third party enhanced rights/rights beyond those indicated in DSU 10.2, DSU 10.3 and Appendix 3, para. 6
opportunity to be heard (DSU 10.2) DSU 516, 697
搒ubstantial interest?(DSU 10.2) DSU 469
WTO Agreement
GATT 1947, continuity with WTO 3
preamble
applicability
all covered agreements WTO 3
GATT XX WTO 2
US ?Shrimp (Panel), WT/DS58/R and Corr.1, DSR 1998:VII
amicus curiae briefs, panel抯 authority/discretion to accept or reject DSU 738
expert evidence (DSU 13.2/SPS 11.2), independence and impartiality, Rules of Conduct (RoC I and III:2) DSU 1477
General Exceptions (GATT XX), obligation to comply with domestic legislation, relevance GATT 845
quantitative restrictions, elimination (GATT XI)
GATT XIII and GATT 685 n. 960
損rohibition or restriction?(GATT XI:1), import prohibition GATT 608
relationships within and between agreements
GATT I/GATT XI GATT 113
GATT XI/GATT XIII GATT 685 n. 960
Rules of Conduct, independence and impartiality (RoC I and III:2), scientific experts DSU 1477
unilateral action by Member, prohibition (DSU 23.1) DSU 1294
US ?Shrimp (Article 21.5 ? Malaysia) (AB), WT/DS58/AB/RW, DSR 2001:XIII
AB procedures (DSU 17.9 and ABWP)
oral hearings (ABWP 27), change of date DSU 1394
timetable, modification in exceptional circumstances (ABWP 16 (2)) DSU 1394
timetable (ABWP 26), modification in exceptional circumstances (ABWP 16(2)), modification of date of oral hearing (ABWP 16(2)) DSU 1394
domestic law
as fact for purposes of international adjudication DSU 531
decisions of domestic courts, applicability, unfinished proceedings, relevance DSU 531
good faith (including pacta sunt servanda principle (VCLT 26)), as fundamental rule of treaty interpretation DSU 1505, 1507
international law / 搑elevant rules of international law?(VCLT 31 (3)(c)) with particular reference to the interpretation of covered agreements (DSU 3(2)) DSU 1589
treaties concluded by parties as DSU 1589
legal status of adopted AB reports (DSU 17.14) DSU 899
as final resolution of dispute DSU 826, 899, 1137
legal status of panel reports, unappealed finding in adopted report DSU 826, 1130, 1137
review of implementation of DSB rulings (DSU 21.5) DSU 1101
competence of DSU 21.5 (compliance) panel
determination of consistency of measure with WTO obligations DSU 1101
deviation from original panel report DSU 1105 n. 1709
limitation to claims at time of referral to review panel DSU 1101
搈easures taken to comply?/p>
examination on basis of facts proved during panel proceedings DSU 1101
measure found to be consistent in original proceedings DSU 1137
measure subject of original dispute distinguished DSU 1101
unappealed finding and DSU 826, 1130, 1137
sovereignty, unilateral environmental protection measures as breach DSU 1737
standard/powers of review (panel) (DSU 11), 搊bjective assessment of matter before it? independent assessment of domestic law DSU 531
US ?Shrimp (Ecuador) (Panel), WT/DS335/R, DSR 2007:II
anti-dumping duties, imposition and collection (AD 9), assessment (AD 9.3), 損roduct as a whole?(AD 2.1) and AD 120
mutually agreed/acceptable solution to matters raised formally (DSU 3.6), characterization as such by parties, need for DSU 522
panel reports, rationale/reasons, need for (DSU 12.7), in case of mutually agreed solution DSU 706
standard/powers of review (panel) (DSU 11)
搊bjective assessment of matter before it?/p>
all arguments DSU 522
independent assessment, in absence of contested claims DSU 522
搝eroing?(AD 9.3/GATT VI:2), comparison of weighted average normal value with weighted average of all comparable export transactions (AD 2.4.2), 揷omparable? AD 120
US ?Shrimp (Thailand)/US ? Customs Bond Directive (AB), WT/ DS343/AB/R / WT/DS345/AB/R, DSR 2008:VII, / DSR 2008:VIII
AB procedures (DSU 17.9 and ABWP)
timetable (ABWP 26), modification in exceptional circumstances (ABWP 16(2)) DSU 1392
transition (ABWP 15) DSU 1377
arguendo assumptions, judicial economy and DSU 660
burden of proof
prima facie case requirement
establishment of party抯 case by panel, exclusion DSU 557
evidence other than that submitted by parties, panel抯 right to consider DSU 550
consultations (DSU 4)
identity of specific measures in the consultations and the request for establishment of a panel, relevance DSU 145
as prerequisite to establishment of panel/requirement to indicate whether held (DSU 6.2) DSU 145
purpose/importance, definition of dispute DSU 145
written request (DSU 4.4) as basis DSU 147
identification of specific measures (DSU 6.2)
identity with specific measure the subject of consultations, relevance DSU 145
搒cope?of consultations and DSU 147
legislation as such, right to challenge (WTO XVI:4), US Customs Bond Directive AD 964
lex specialis/presumption against treaty conflicts
General Interpretative Note (WTO Annex 1A) DSU 1726
possibilities of conflict considered by panel/AB, AD 18.1/GATT VI DSU 1726
precedence/hierarchy in case of conflict DSU 1726
multiple appeals (special procedure for consolidation (ABWP 16 (1))) DSU 1383
multiple complainants (DSU 9), separate AB reports DSU 458
multiple panels/different parties/measure in common DSU 183
multiple panels/same parties/same dispute (DSU 9.3), harmonization of timetables DSU 463
provisional measures (AD 7), specific action against dumping (Note Ad Article VI:2?) AD 653
relationships within and between agreements, AD 7/GATT VI AD 653
special or additional procedures (AB) (ABWP 16(1)), multiple appeals DSU 1383
specific action against dumping (AD 18.1) or subsidy (SCM 32.1) in accordance with GATT VI as interpreted by AD/SCM Agreement
reasonable security/bonding (Note 1 Ad Article VI:2?) GATT 473, 474?a href="gatt1994_04_e.htm#477">7, AD 697, 964
provisional measures (AD 7) and AD 653
US Customs Bond Directive 揳s such? AD 964
standard/powers of review (panel) (DSU 11), 搊bjective assessment of matter before it? all arguments DSU 517, 557
third party enhanced rights/rights beyond those indicated in DSU 10.2, DSU 10.3 and Appendix 3, para. 6, participation in proceedings initiated by another complainant (DSU 9) DSU 493
US ?Shrimp (Thailand) (Panel), WT/DS343/R
burden of proof, prima facie case requirement AD 121
搝eroing?(AD 9.3/GATT VI:2), comparison of weighted average normal value with weighted average of all comparable export transactions (AD 2.4.2), 揷omparable? AD 121
US ?Softwood Lumber II (GATT Panel), SCM/162, BISD 40S/358
investigation of dumping (AD 5)/subsidy (SCM 11), sufficiency of evidence (AD 5.3), determination of sufficiency standard of review (DSU 17.6) AD 367
relationships within and between agreements, AD 5.3/AD 17.6 AD 367
standard/powers of review (panel) (AD 17.6), assessment of the facts (AD 17.6(i)), AD 5.3 (sufficiency of evidence), applicability to AD 367
US ?Softwood Lumber III (Panel), WT/DS236/R, DSR 2002:IX
countervailing duties (SCM Part V)
expedited review, right to (SCM 19.3), entitled SCM 464
review of need for continued imposition (SCM 21.2)
in absence of request SCM 483
administrative review SCM 482
expedited review, right to (SCM 19.3), aggregated investigations SCM 465
interpretation of covered agreements, rules relating to including VCLT provisions
text/plain language (VCLT 31(2)) SCM 475
as a whole/holistic/harmonious exercise SCM 475
legislation as such, right to challenge (WTO XVI:4), future application distinguished SCM 483
provisional measures (SCM 17)
date of commencement (SCM 17.3) SCM 455
duration (SCM 17.4) SCM 456
retroactivity (SCM 20) and SCM 455, 466, 473?a href="subsidies_03_e.htm#475">5, 477
relationships within and between agreements, SCM 17.3/SCM 20 SCM 475
retroactivity (SCM 20), exceptions SCM 455, 473?a href="subsidies_03_e.htm#475">5, 475
subsidy, definition (SCM 1.1(b)) (conferral of benefit), passing the benefit through, subsidized inputs SCM 85?a href="subsidies_01_e.htm#86">6
US ?Softwood Lumber IV (AB), WT/DS257/AB/R, DSR 2004:II
AB procedures (DSU 17.9 and ABWP), replacement of member (ABWP 13), for serious personal reasons (AWP 12) DSU 1375
anti-dumping and countervailing duties (GATT VI) including interrelationship with AD Agreement
calculation of subsidies (GATT VI:3/SCM 19.4), 損ass-through? analysis (GATT 6:3/SCM 10 and 32) GATT 472
countervailing duties, compliance with both GATT VI:3 and SCM GATT 472
conformity of laws, regulations and administrative procedures with WTO obligations, obligation to ensure (WTO XVI:4), characterization of transaction under domestic law, relevance DSU 1625
countervailing duties (SCM Part V)
compliance with GATT VI:3 and SCM Agreement (SCM 10) GATT 472, SCM 358
揷ountervailing duty?(SCM 10 footnote 36), 揳ny subsidy bestowed directly or indirectly? SCM 354
customary international law rules of interpretation [as codified in the VCLT] as applicable law (DSU 3.2), multiple authentic languages (VCLT 33) and DSU 1665 n. 2604
domestic law
characterization of transactions, appropriateness as applicable law DSU 1625
interpretation of covered agreements, relevance to DSU 1625
interpretation of covered agreements, rules relating to including VCLT provisions
object and purpose
caution in use of DSU 1571
SCM 1.1(a)(1) SCM 6
same or closely related phrases in different agreements, caution in use of SCM 40
lex specialis/presumption against treaty conflicts
General Interpretative Note (WTO Annex 1A) DSU 1723
possibilities of conflict considered by panel/AB, GATT VI/SCM Part V DSU 1723
multiple authentic languages, interpretation (VCLT 33)
customary international law rules of interpretation, applicability DSU 1665 n. 2604
English, French and Spanish texts compared SCM 43
ILC Commentary on DSU 1665 n. 2604
搊rdinary meaning?(VCLT 31(1)) and SCM 43, DSU 1662
presumption of identity of meaning (VCLT 33(3)) SCM 43, DSU 1662
ordinary meaning of terms used in covered agreements
domestic law concepts, relevance DSU 1625
損rovides?(SCM 1.1(a)(1)(iii)) SCM 40
SCM Agreement
object and purpose (SCM 1) SCM 6
strengthening and improvement of GATT disciplines on subsidies and countervailing measures SCM 8, 44, 493
security and predictability of WTO obligations (DSU 3.2), interpretation contradictory to object and purpose of agreement and SCM 6, 44
specific action against dumping (AD 18.1) or subsidy (SCM 32.1) in accordance with GATT VI as interpreted by AD/SCM Agreement, calculation of amount of subsidy (SCM 14 (d)) and SCM 589
standard/powers of Review (AB) (issues of law and legal interpretations) (DSU 17.6), completion of the legal analysis in case of, contentiousness/omission/ insufficiency of facts DSU 872
subsidy, calculation in terms of benefit to recipient (SCM 14)
揳ny?method (chapeau) SCM 403
揳dequately explained? SCM 403
provision of goods or services (SCM 14(d))
benchmarks SCM 412
損revailing market conditions?/benchmarks SCM 416?a href="subsidies_03_e.htm#418">18
subsidy, definition (SCM 1.1(a)(1)) (financial contribution)
conferral of benefit (SCM 1.1(b)) as parallel requirement SCM 11
cumulative nature of SCM 1.1(a)(1) requirements SCM 87
preparatory work (VCLT 32), SCM 1.1(a)(1) SCM 14
損rivate body?(SCM 1.1(a)(1)(iv)), government entrustment or direction, effect SCM 50
provision of goods or services (SCM 1.1(a)(1)(iii))
揼oods? SCM 43?a href="subsidies_01_e.htm#44">4
損rovides? SCM 40?a href="subsidies_01_e.htm#41">1
range of transactions qualifying as SCM 13
transactions not qualifying as SCM 14
subsidy, definition (SCM 1.1(b)) (conferral of benefit)
passing the benefit through
揷ountervailing duty?(SCM 10 footnote 36) and SCM 355, 358
subsidized inputs SCM 87
withdrawal of appeal (ABWP 30), withdrawal and re-filing of appeal, for scheduling reasons DSU 1472
搘orld market share?(SCM 6(3)(d)) SCM 326
US ?Softwood Lumber IV (Panel), WT/DS257/R, DSR 2004:II
anti-dumping and countervailing duties (GATT VI) including interrelationship with AD Agreement
calculation of subsidies (GATT VI:3/SCM 19.4), 損ass-through? analysis (GATT 6:3/SCM 10 and 32) GATT 472
countervailing udties, compliance with both GATT VI:3 and SCM GATT 472
countervailing duties (SCM Part V)
compliance with GATT VI:3 and SCM Agreement (SCM 10) GATT 472
calculation of subsidies GATT 472
interpretation of covered agreements, rules relating to including VCLT provisions, dictionaries, cautious approach to SCM 43
subsidy, definition (SCM 1.1(a)(1)) (financial contribution)
provision of goods or services (SCM 1.1(a)(1)(iii))
損rovision?and 損urchase?distinghuised SCM 39
損rovision?and 損urchase?distinguished SCM 6
subsidy, definition (SCM 1.1(b)) (conferral of benefit), 揵enefit? recipient, need for SCM 87
subsidy, specificity (SCM 2)
de facto specificity (SCM 2.1(c)), deliberate limitation SCM 109
relevant factors other than those listed under SCM 2.1(a) and (b) (SCM 2.1(c)) SCM 111
US ?Softwood Lumber IV (Article 21.5 ?Canada) (AB), WT/DS264/AB/R, DSR 2004:V
AB procedures (DSU 17.9 and ABWP), written reponses (ABWP 28), requests for additional memoranda/submissions DSU 1465
interpretation of covered agreements, rules relating to including VCLT provisions, dictionaries DSU 1114
lex specialis/presumption against treaty conflicts AD 83
review of implementation of DSB rulings (DSU 21.5)
competence of DSU 21.5 (compliance) panel, determination of consistency of measure with WTO obligations DSU 1117
measures other than measures taken to comply DSU 1128
搈easures taken to comply?/p>
measure taken 搕o comply?/measure subject of original dispute distinguished DSU 1114
measures close to measure taken to comply DSU 1118, 1120
US ?Softwood Lumber IV (Article 21.5 ?Canada) (Panel), WT/DS264/R
implementation of panel or AB recommendations (DSU 19.1), subsequent proceedings/continuance of recommendations DSU 946
review of implementation of DSB rulings (DSU 21.5)
competence of DSU 21.5 (compliance) panel, limitations on DSU 1104
composition of panel, as close as possible to original panel DSU 1104
DSU 6.2 procedures, applicability
procedures distinguished DSU 1104
time-limits distinguished DSU 1104
measures other than measures taken to comply DSU 1128
搈easures taken to comply? considered in context DSU 1103
subsidy, definition (SCM 1.1(b)) (conferral of benefit), passing the benefit through, benefit to recipient test SCM 87
US ?Softwood Lumber V (AB), WT/DS264/AB/R, DSR 2004:V
AB procedures (DSU 17.9 and ABWP), reports, as precedent DSU 900
anti-dumping duties, imposition and collection (AD 9), assessment (AD 9.3), 損roduct as a whole?(AD 2.1) and AD 120
determination of dumping (AD 2)
calculation of dumping margins (AD 2.4), comparison of weighted average normal value with weighted average of all comparable export transactions (AD 2.4.2), zeroing and AD 114
cost data (AD 2.2.1.1)
搉egative?nature of obligations (搘hat is not prohibited厰) AD 49
搒hall consider all available evidence? AD 50
搉ormal value ?in the ordinary course of trade?(AD 2.1)
calculation of dumping margins (AD 2.4)
comparison of weighted average normal value with weighted average of all comparable export transactions (AD 2.4.2) AD 117
product types/product as a whole (AD 2.4.2) AD 125 搈argins?of dumping AD 114
GATT 1947/WTO continuity, decisions, procedures and customary practices under GATT 1947 (WTO XVI:1) (GATT acquis), AB reports DSU 900
legal status of adopted AB reports (DSU 17.14) DSU 900
standard/powers of Review (AB) (issues of law and legal interpretations) (DSU 17.6), law vs fact, alleged failure of panel to make objective assessment (DSU 11) DSU 848
搝eroing?(AD 9.3/GATT VI:2)
comparison of weighted average normal value with weighted average of all comparable export transactions (AD 2.4.2) AD 114, 117
non-comparable types AD 125
US ?Softwood Lumber V (Panel), WT/DS264/R, DSR 2004:V
determination of dumping (AD 2)
fair comparison of export price and normal value (AD 2.4), 揹ue allowance? 揹ifferences which affect price comparability? AD 92?a href="anti_dumping_01_e.htm#93">3
搉ormal value ?in the ordinary course of trade?(AD 2.1), calculation of administrative, selling and general costs and profits (AD 2.2.2), actual data 損ertaining to? AD 56
implementation of panel or AB recommendations (DSU 19.1), panel抯 discretionary suggestions DSU 949
investigation of dumping (AD 5)/subsidy (SCM 11)
rejection of application (AD 5.8), applicability prior to initiation of investigation AD 399
sufficiency of evidence (AD 5.3), 搒uch evidence is reasonably available to the applicant?(AD 5.2) AD 341
搇ike product?(AD 2.6), 揳nother product? AD 151
US ?Softwood Lumber V (Article 21.5 ? Canada) (AB)
Anti-Dumping Agreement (AD), object and purpose, absence of specific provision/preamble AD 3
determination of dumping (AD 2)
calculation of dumping margins (AD 2.4), comparison of weighted average normal value with weighted average of all comparable export transactions (AD 2.4.2), zeroing and AD 688
fair comparison of export price and normal value (AD 2.4), 揻air comparison? zeroing (AD 9.3) and AD 83
interpretation of covered agreements, rules relating to including VCLT provisions, multiple permissible interpretations AD 929
standard/powers of review (panel) (AD 17.6), interpretation of relevant provisions of AD (AD 17.6(ii)), 揳dmits of more than one permissible interpretation? AD 929
搝eroing?(AD 9.3/GATT VI:2)
comparison of weighted average normal value with weighted average of all comparable export transactions (AD 2.4.2)
mathematical equivalence AD 140
transaction-to-transaction method AD 83, 132?a href="anti_dumping_01_e.htm#135">5, 688, 929
揻air comparison?(AD 2.4) and AD 83
prospective normal value system (AD 9.3.2) and AD 688
US ?Softwood Lumber IV (Article 21.5 ?Canada) (Panel), WT/DS264/RW, review of implementation of DSB rulings (DSU 21.5), 搈easures taken to comply? measure taken 搕o comply?/measure subject of original dispute distinguished DSU 1113
US ?Softwood Lumber V (Article 21.5 ? Canada) (Panel)
composition of panel (DSU 8), replacement of panelist DSU 442
determination of dumping (AD 2), calculation of dumping margins (AD 2.4), comparison of weighted average normal value with weighted average of all comparable export transactions (AD 2.4.2), zeroing and AD 688
搝eroing?(AD 9.3/GATT VI:2)
comparison of weighted average normal value with weighted average of all comparable export transactions (AD 2.4.2), mathematical equivalence AD 137?a href="anti_dumping_01_e.htm#138">8
prospective normal value system (AD 9.3.2) and AD 688
US ?Softwood Lumber VI (Panel), WT/DS277/R, DSR 2004:VI
countervailing duties (SCM Part V), public notice and explanation of determinations (SCM 22), AD 12.2.2, SCM 22.4 and SCM 22.5, close similarity SCM 504
determination of injury (AD 3)
threat of material injury (AD 3.7)
AD 3.2 and SCM 15.2 factors and AD 301
AD 3.4 factors and AD 300?a href="anti_dumping_02_e.htm#301">1
揻acts, not merely allegation, conjecture or remote possibility?/p>
a 揷learly foreseen and imminent?change of circumstances, need for AD 292
揷onsideration?of facts AD 293?a href="anti_dumping_02_e.htm#295">5
搒pecial care?requirement (AD 3.8/SCM 15.8) AD 305?a href="anti_dumping_02_e.htm#306">6, SCM 451?a href="subsidies_03_e.htm#452">2
underlying principles (AD 3.1) and AD 178
determination of injury (SCM 15), threat of injury (SCM 15.8), 搒pecial care?requirement (AD 3.8/SCM 15.8) AD 305? 6, SCM 451?a href="subsidies_03_e.htm#452">2
interpretation of covered agreements, rules relating to including VCLT provisions
dictionaries AD 305
same or closely related phrases in different agreements, AD 12.2.2/SCM 22.4 and 22.5 SCM 504
order of analysis, AD-consistent measure/compliance with public notice (AD 12.2) requirements AD 835
public notice of preliminary or final determination (AD 12.2)
AD 12.2.2, SCM 22.4 and SCM 22.5, close similarity SCM 504
compliance with other obligations, dependence on AD 839
explanations for initiation of investigations (AD 12.2.2), relevance/sufficiency AD 835
relationships within and between agreements, AD 17.6/DSU 11 AD 912
standard/powers of review (panel) (AD 17.6)
assessment of the facts (AD 17.6(i)), de novo review, exclusion AD 912
interpretation of relevant provisions of AD (AD 17.6(ii))
揳dmits of more than one permissible interpretation? AD 963
standard/powers of review (panel) (DSU 11), 搊bjective assessment of matter before it? AD 17.6(ii) compared AD 936
US ?Softwood Lumber VI (Article 21.5 ?Canada) (AB), WT/DS277/RW
AB procedures (DSU 17.9 and ABWP)
submission, correction of clerical error (ABWP 18(5)), requests for DSU 1407
timetable (ABWP 26), modification in exceptional circumstances (ABWP 16(2)), modification of date of oral hearing (ABWP 16(2)) DSU 1395
burden of proof, impossible burden, proving a negative DSU 569
review of implementation of DSB rulings (DSU 21.5), competence of DSU 21.5 (compliance) panel, deviation from original panel report DSU 1105?a href="dsu_08_e.htm#1106">6
US ?Sonar Mapping (GATT Panel), GPR.DS1/R, Government Procurement Agreement (GPA), definitions (GPA I:1), 揼overnment procurement? GPA 5
US ?Spring Assemblies (GATT Panel), BISD 30S/107
General Exceptions (GATT XX) (general)
applicability to GATT as a whole (chapeau) GATT 860 n. 1180
揷ountries? GATT 860 n. 1180
General Exceptions (GATT XX), preamble/chapeau, applicability of GATT XX to GATT as a whole GATT 860 n. 1180
US ?Stainless Steel (Korea) (Panel), WT/DS179/R, DSR 2001:IV
Anti-Dumping Agreement (AD), principles (AD 1), 搃nitiated and conducted in accordance with the provisions of this Agreement? violation of other AD provisions as evidence of breach of AD 1 AD 10
competence of panels and AB (DSU 3.2/DSU 11/DSU 17)
competence of domestic courts, need to avoid trespassing on GATT 562
preservation of rights and obligations of Members under covered agreements GATT 562
determination of dumping (AD 2)
fair comparison of export price and normal value (AD 2.4)
揹ue allowance?/p>
揷osts ?incurred between importation and resale? AD102
differences in 搕erms and conditions of sale? AD 98?a href="anti_dumping_01_e.htm#100">100
legal effect / 搒hould also be made? AD 101
object and purpose AD 102
risk of bankruptcy, relevance AD 98?a href="anti_dumping_01_e.htm#100">100
for unforeseeable costs AD 102
exchange rates and (AD 2.4.1) AD 107
determination of relevant currency AD 109
general 揻air comparison?requirement and AD 110
when 搑equired? AD 108?a href="anti_dumping_01_e.htm#109">9
搒ales made at as nearly as possible the same time? AD 87
搉ormal value ?in the ordinary course of trade?(AD 2.1)
calculation of dumping margins (AD 2.4)
averaging periods AD 130?a href="anti_dumping_01_e.htm#131">1
comparison of weighted average normal value with weighted average of all comparable export transactions (AD 2.4.2)
揷omparable? AD 129
multiple averaging (AD 2.4.2) AD 128?a href="anti_dumping_01_e.htm#129">9
relationship between, AD 2.1, 2.3 and 2.4 AD 37
implementation of panel or AB recommendations (DSU 19.1)
dictionaries AD 102
panel抯 decision not to make suggestions DSU 971
text/plain language (VCLT 31(2)) AD 99, 107 n. 143
interpretation of covered agreements, rules relating to including VCLT provisions, effectiveness principle (ut res magis valeat quam pereat/effet utile) AD 101
non-discriminatory administration of QRs (GATT XIII), publication and administration of trade regulations (GATT X:3(a)) GATT 596
order of analysis, specific/general provision AD 86
publication and administration of trade regulations (GATT X)
Anti-Dumping Agreement and GATT 596
uniform, impartial and reasonable administration (GATT X:3 (a))
consistency of administration with Member抯 domestic law, relevance GATT 562
搖niform? GATT 562
relationships within and between agreements
AD 1, 9 and 18/GATT VI/AD 3, 5, 7, 12 and Annex I, para. 2 AD 10
AD 2/AD 6 AD 641
AD 2.4.1/GATT X:3(a) GATT 596
AD 2.1, 2.3 and 2.4 AD 37
AD 2.4, sentences within AD 86
AD 2.4/AD 2.4.2 AD 129
AD 2.4.1/AD 2.4 AD 110
AD 6.8/AD Annex II AD 535
assessment of the facts (AD 17.6(i)), 搖nbiased and objective? AD 919
standard/powers of review (panel) (AD 17.6), 揻acts made available?(AD 17.5(ii)), evidence before authority at time of determination, limitation to AD 916
US ?Stainless Steel (Mexico) (AB), WT/DS344/AB/R, DSR 2008:II
AB procedures (DSU 17.9 and ABWP)
compliance obligation DSU 1366
documents (ABWP 18), failure to file by deadline (ABWP 18(1)) DSU 1398
due process and DSU 1366
AD 9.3/GATT VI:2 requirements GATT 465
anti-dumping and countervailing duties (GATT VI) including interrelationship with AD Agreement
dumping, constituent elements (AD 2/GATT VI:1), consistency of definition throughout AD and GATT GATT 453
dumping, constituent elements/definition (AD 2/GATT VI:1), 搈argin of dumping?(GATT VI:2) / 搈argins of dumping?(AD 2.1), equivalence GATT 453
anti-dumping duties, imposition and collection (AD 9), assessment (AD 9.3), 損roduct as a whole?(AD 2.1) and AD 681?a href="anti_dumping_03_e.htm#684">4
customary international law rules of interpretation [as codified in the VCLT] as applicable law, AD 17.6(ii) AD 930
determination of dumping (AD 2)
calculation of dumping margins (AD 2.4), 搈argins? of dumping (AD 2.4.2), 搈argin of dumping?(GATT VI:2), equivalence GATT 453
relationships within and between agreements, AD 2.1/GATT VI:1 GATT 453
DSB, ?i>accordingly the DSB shall have authority?(DSU 2.1), ?i>accordingly the DSB shall have authority?(DSU 2.1) DSU 32
DSU dispute settlement, hierarchical structure DSU 835
揹umping?/ 搈argin of dumping?(AD 2.1)
as exporter-specific concepts 691?, GATT 453
AD 9.3 and AD 691?a href="anti_dumping_03_e.htm#694">4
揻or purposes of this agreement?/identity of meaning throughout AD Agreement AD 16
identity of meaning throughout AD Agreement AD 16
interpretation of covered agreements, responsibility for authoritative (WTO IX:2), 揷larify the existing provisions?(DSU 3.2) and DSU 53
interpretation of covered agreements, rules relating to including VCLT provisions
multiple permissible interpretations AD 930
same or closely related phrases in same agreement
DSU 2.1/DSU 11 (揳ccordingly? DSU 32
identity of meaning throughout agreement AD 16
legal status of adopted AB reports (DSU 17.14), as precedent DSU 903
precedent
AB jurisprudence, importance of following DSU 53, 68, 835, 903, 1701
security and predictability of WTO obligations (DSU 3.2) and DSU 53, 835, 903, 1701
prompt and satisfactory settlement (DSU 3.3), security and predictability of WTO obligations (DSU 3.2) as aid to DSU 68
relationships within and between agreements AD 691?a href="anti_dumping_03_e.htm#694">4
security and predictability of WTO obligations (DSU 3.2) DSU 46
certainty of the law DSU 24
揷larify the existing provisions?and DSU 53
precedent/AB jurisprudence, need to follow DSU 53, 835, 903, 1701
prompt and satisfactory settlement (DSU 3.3) and DSU 68
standard/powers of review (panel) (AD 17.6), interpretation of relevant provisions of AD (AD 17.6(ii)), 揳dmits of more than one permissible interpretation? AD 930
搝eroing?(AD 9.3/GATT VI:2)
comparison of weighted average normal value with weighted average of all comparable export transactions (AD 2.4.2), mathematical equivalence AD 141
margin of dumping as ceiling GATT 465
US ?Stainless Steel (Mexico) (Article 21.3(c)), WT/DS344/15
搑easonable period?for implementation of recommendations and rulings (Article 21.3(c) arbitrations)
administrative measures as means of implementation, relevance DSU 1051
complexity of implementation process DSU 1054
US ?Steel Plate dispute
consultations (DSU 21.5), ad hoc procedural agreement DSU 1168
review of implementation of DSB rulings (DSU 21.5)
ad hoc procedural agreements
consultations DSU 1168
non-prejudice to parties?other rights DSU 1174
US ?Steel Plate (Panel), WT/DS206/R and Corr.1, DSR 2002:VI
anti-dumping duties, imposition and collection (AD 9), lesser duty, possibility of (AD 9.1) AD 861
determination of dumping (AD 2), relationship between, AD 2.2 and AD 2.4/AD 6.8 AD 161
developing countries (AD 15)
揷onstructive remedy?/p>
decision not to impose anti-dumping duties AD 857 n. 1156
lesser duty or price undertaking AD 861
搒hall be explored? AD 861
obligations (first sentence) AD 854
搒pecial regard? AD 856
domestic law, as fact for purposes of international adjudication AD 602 n. 836
evidence (dumping investigation) (AD 6)
揻acts available? right to use (AD 6.8/Annex II), 搇ess favourable result?as possible consequence of failure to cooperate (AD Annex VII para. 7), cooperation 搕o the best of its ability? AD 575
resort to 揻acts available?(AD 6.8/Annex II)
Annex II, mandatory nature AD 537
in case of partial lack of necessary information AD 551?a href="anti_dumping_03_e.htm#552">2
in case of verifiable information, 搗erifiable? (Annex II para. 3) AD 557
conditions for (Annex II) AD 550?a href="anti_dumping_03_e.htm#552">2
搃nformation appropriately submitted 厰 (Annex II para. 3) AD 560
information in medium or computer language required (Annex II para. 1) AD 572
information provided within reasonable period, investigating authorities?obligation to use AD 550?a href="anti_dumping_03_e.htm#552">2
obligation to submit information 揳s soon as possible?(Annex II para. 1) AD 537
搒hall? AD 537
identification of specific measures (DSU 6.2), 損ractice? as measure DSU 268
implementation of DSB recommendations and rulings, surveillance (DSU 21), choice of means at authorities?discretion (DSU 21.3) DSU 983
implementation of panel or AB recommendations (DSU 19.1)
choice of means at authorities?discretion (DSU 21.3) DSU 528
panel抯 decision not to make suggestions DSU 974
panel抯 discretionary suggestions DSU 948, 974
international law / 搑elevant rules of international law?(VCLT 31 (3)(c)) with particular reference to the interpretation of covered agreements (DSU 3(2)), good faith as AD 575
interpretation of covered agreements, rules relating to including VCLT provisions
object and purpose, AD as a whole AD 551
legislation as such, right to challenge (WTO XVI:4), mandatory/discretionary legislation, distinguishability, resort to facts available (AD 6.8/Annex II) and AD 602
搈easures at issue?(DSU 6.2)
independent operational status test AD 885, DSU 268, 290 n. 463
損ractice?as AD 885
ordinary meaning of terms used in covered agreements, 揳ll? AD 550
relationships within and between agreements
AD 6.8/AD 9.3 AD 719
AD 17.6/DSU 11 AD 926
right of panel or AB to make suggestions DSU 948
standard/powers of review (panel) (AD 17.6), assessment of the facts (AD 17.6(i)), DSU 11 compared AD 926
terms of reference of panels (DSU 7), abandoned claim, right to resurrect AD 902, DSU 413
third party enhanced rights/rights beyond those indicated in DSU 10.2, DSU 10.3 and Appendix 3, para. 6, abandoned claims and DSU 413
US ?Steel Safeguards (AB), WT/DS248/AB/R, WT/DS249/AB/R, WT/DS251/AB/R, WT/DS252/AB/R, WT/DS258/AB/ R, WT/DS259/AB/R, DSR 2003:VIII
causation analysis (SG 4.2(b)) (determination of serious injury or threat of)
揹emonstrates?SG 77, 180?a href="safeguards_02_e.htm#181">1
搊n the basis of objective data?SG 179, 181, 189
determination of serious injury or threat of, definitions (SG 4.1), 搒erious injury?(SG 4.1(a)), as 搒ignificant overall impairment?/ 搗ery high standard of injury?SG 180
determination of serious injury or threat of, evaluation of all relevant factors of objective and quantifiable nature (SG 4.2(a))
factors other than increased imports causing injury, non-attribution requirement, order of analysis, relevance SG 214
揻actors other than increased imports?(SG 4.2(b)), imports from excluded sources as SG 77?a href="safeguards_01_e.htm#78">8
emergency action (GATT XIX)
揳s a result of unforeseen developments?(GATT XIX:1(a))
揳s a result of?GATT 804 n. 1087, 818?a href="gatt1994_07_e.htm#820">20
揹emonstration? need for, in respect of each measure GATT 812?a href="gatt1994_07_e.htm#813">13
publication of findings and reasoned conclusions (SG 3.1) and SG 95, 99
reasoned and adequate explanation requirement (SG 3.1) GATT 801?a href="gatt1994_07_e.htm#802">2, 811, 814
standard of review GATT 801?a href="gatt1994_07_e.htm#802">2
interpretation of covered agreements, rules relating to including VCLT provisions
dictionaries GATT 819
same or closely related phrases in different agreements, GATT XIX:1(a)/SG 2.1 SG 48
judicial economy, discretionary nature, reasons for not exercising SG 181
multiple complainants (DSU 9)
separate panel reports (DSU 9.2)
structure DSU 452
timeliness of request DSU 450, 811
notice of appeal, requirements (ABWP 20(2)(d)), clear allegation of panel抯 failure to make objective assessment (DSU 11) DSU 1430
ordinary meaning of terms used in covered agreements, 搑esult?(GATT XIX:1(a)) GATT 819
panel reports, rationale, need for (DSU 12.7), sufficiency DSU 705
損roduct being imported?(SG 2.1), as sudden and recent increase SG 43?a href="safeguards_01_e.htm#45">5
publication of findings and reasoned conclusions (SG 3.1)GATT 814
application of safeguard measures (SG 5.1), Members?right to choose method and SG 99
揳s a result of unforeseen developments?(GATT XIX:1(a)) SG 99, 109
multiple findings SG 95
non-compliance with SG 3.1 as violation of SG 2.1/SG 4 SG 99
搑easoned conclusions? SG 101?a href="safeguards_02_e.htm#102">2
publication of findings and reasoned conclusions (SG 3.1) and SG 95, 99
reasoned and adequate explanation requirement (SG 3.1)
揳s a result of unforeseen developments?(GATT XIX:1(a)) GATT 801?a href="gatt1994_07_e.htm#802">2, 811, 814
揹emonstration? need for GATT 812?a href="gatt1994_07_e.htm#813">13
panel抯 obligation to confirm SG 109
publication as authorities?obligation GATT 814
relationships within and between agreements
GATT XIX/SG 3.1 and SG 4.2(c) SG 108
SG 2 and 4/SG 3 SG 99
SG 3.1/SG 4.2(c) SG 107
safeguard measures, conditions (SG 2)
parallelism between investigation (SG 2.1/SG 4.1(c)) and application of measure (SG 2.2) SG 74?a href="safeguards_01_e.htm#79">9
揻actors other than increased imports?(SG 4.2(b)), imports from excluded sources as SG 77?a href="safeguards_01_e.htm#78">8
reasoned and adequate explanation requirement SG 45, 76?a href="safeguards_01_e.htm#79">9
搒uch increased quantities?(SG 2.1)
absolute increase SG 50
搑ecent?SG 40?a href="safeguards_01_e.htm#45">5
trends SG 42?a href="safeguards_01_e.htm#5">5
搖nder such conditions?SG 59
standard/powers of Review (AB) (issues of law and legal interpretations) (DSU 17.6), completion of the legal analysis in case of, contentiousness/omission/ insufficiency of facts DSU 871
standard/powers of review (panel) (DSU 11)
applicability to SG/GATT XIX SG 109
DSU 11, applicability GATT 801
DSU 11 (function of panel) claims and claims relating to substantive provisions distinguished DSU 1430
error of law, error not rising to a breach of DSU 11 DSU 596
搊bjective assessment of matter before it? reasoned and adequate explanation (SG 4.2(a)) and SG 99
搒ufficient to cause serious injury or threat? (SG 2.1) SG 48
US ?Steel Safeguards (Panel), WT/DS248/R and Corr.1, WT/ DS249/R and Corr.1, WT/DS251/R and Corr.1, WT/ DS252/R and Corr.1, WT/DS253/R and Corr.1, WT/ DS254/R and Corr.1, WT/DS258/R and Corr.1, DS259/R and Corr.1
causation analysis (SG 4.2(b)) (determination of serious injury threat of)
analysis of conditions of competition SG 193?a href="safeguards_02_e.htm#195">5
price analysis and SG 194
relevant factors SG 193?a href="safeguards_02_e.htm#195">5
coincidence of trends in imports and in injury factors SG 185?/p>
揹emonstrates?SG 187?a href="safeguards_02_e.htm#188">8, 193
quantification, relevance SG 211?a href="safeguards_02_e.htm#213">13
reasoned and adequate explanation SG 95, 99
confidential information (SG 3.2), publication of findings and reasoned conclusions (SG 3.1) and SG 112
confidentiality of proceedings (DSU 14/DSU 17.10/DSU 18.2/WP
interim review reports DSU 815
non-confidential summary of information (DSU 18.2) DSU
determination of serious injury or threat of, evaluation of all relevant factors of objective and quantifiable nature 4.2(a))
揻actors other than increased imports?(SG 4.2(b)) SG 74
imports from excluded sources as SG 74
DSU dispute settlement, time-frame (DSU 20), separate panel reports (DSU 9.2) and DSU 994
due process (dispute settlement proceedings), opportunity to respond to evidence/presentations of other parties, timing of submission of evidence (DS 12) and DSU
emergency action (GATT XIX)
揳s a result of unforeseen developments?(GATT XIX:1(a))
揳s a result of?GATT 818
confluence of developments as basis GATT 817
揹emonstration? need for
prior to application of measure GATT 810
in respect of each measure GATT 812?a href="gatt1994_07_e.htm#813">13
objective/subjective nature of legal standard GATT 816
publication of findings and reasoned conclusions (SG 3.1) SG 95, 99
reasoned and adequate explanation requirement (SG 3.1) GATT 800, SG 95
standard of review GATT 800?a href="gatt1994_07_e.htm#802">2
evidence (panel) (DSU 12), time杔imits for submission, 搑ebuttal submissions?DSU 628
executive summaries (panel working procedures)
length/structure DSU 735
preliminary ruling on DSU 735
interim review (DSU 15)
confidentiality of reports DSU 815
multiple complainants/separate reports DSU 811
interpretation of covered agreements, rules relating to including VCLT provisions, as a whole/holistic/harmonious exercise SG 112
investigation of conditions for safeguard measures, requirements (SG 3.1/SG 4.2(c))
interested parties, obligation to consult SG 96
internal decision-making process, relevance SG 98
margin of discretion [in accordance with due process] (panel) (DSU 12.1 and Appendix 3), separate panel reports DSU 452
multiple complainants (DSU 9), separate interim review reports (DSU 9.2) DSU 811
panel procedures (DSU 12 and Appendix 3 (WP))
panel procedures (DSU 12 and Appendix 3 (WP)), timetable (panel) (DSU 12.3), flexibility DSU 696
搑ebuttal submissions?DSU 628, 698
time杔imits for filing of written submissions (DSU 12.5 and WP), modification by agreement DSU 721
preliminary rulings on
confidentiality issues DSU 912
executive summaries DSU 735
timetable for panel proceedings DSU 696
timing of submission of evidence DSU 628
proportionality, safeguard measures (SG 5.1) (搕o the extent necessary? and SG 15
publication of findings and reasoned conclusions (SG 3.1)
application of safeguard measures (SG 5.1), Members?right to choose method and SG 98
format of report, relevance SG 104
multiple findings SG 95
timing of report, relevance SG 105
reasoned and adequate explanation requirement (SG 3.1), 揳s a result of unforeseen developments?(GATT XIX:1(a)), 揹emonstration? need for GATT 812?a href="gatt1994_07_e.htm#813">13
reasoned and adequate explanation requirement (SG), causation (SG 2.1/SG 4.2(b)) SG 74
relationships within and between agreements
GATT XIX:1/SG 11.1 SG 10
GATT XIX/SG 1 SG 10
GATT XIX/SG 3.1 and SG 4.2(c) SG 108
SG 3.1/SG 3.2 SG 112
SG 3.1/SG 4.2(c) SG 107
safeguard measures, application (SG 5), 搕o the extent necessary?(proportionality) (SG 5.1) SG 15
safeguard measures, conditions (SG 2)
parallelism between investigation (SG 2.1/SG 4.1(c)) and application of measure (SG 2.2), 揻actors other than increased imports?(SG 4.2(b)), imports from excluded sources as SG 74
reasoned and adequate explanation requirement GATT 800, SG 45, 74, 95
right to apply measure and exercise of right distinguished SG 15
搒uch increased quantities? as sudden and recent increase SG 40?a href="safeguards_01_e.htm#42">2
搒uch increased quantities?(SG 2.1), trends SG 42, 45
standard/powers of review (panel) (DSU 11)
applicability to SG/GATT XIX GATT 800
de novo review, exclusion GATT 800, SG 310
搊bjective assessment of matter before it? reasoned and adequate explanation (SG 4.2(a)) and GATT 800, SG 310
搖nder such conditions? safeguard measures, conditions (SG 2), price analysis, relevance SG 62?a href="safeguards_01_e.htm#63">3
WTO Agreement, cumulative nature of obligations SG 10
US ?Sugar Waiver (GATT Panel), BISD 37S/228
Lom?waiver WTO 209
relationships within and between agreements, GATT II/GATT XIII GATT 169
Schedules of Concessions (GATT II)
diminishment of obligations, exclusion GATT 138
non-discriminatory administration of QRs (GATT XIII) and GATT 169
搒ubject to the terms, conditions or qualifications in the schedule?(GATT II:1(b)), additional concession GATT 140 n. 204
VCLT as applicable law GATT 169
US ?Superfund (GATT Panel) BISD 34S/136
legislation as such, right to challenge (WTO XVI:4), mandatory/ discretionary legislation, distinguishability, assessment of mandatory nature DSU 294 n. 467
nullification or impairment (DSU 3.8), presumption in case of inconsistency with covered agreement DSU 90
US ?Textiles Rules of Origin (Panel), WT/DS243/R and Corr.1, DSR 2003:VI
interpretation of covered agreements, rules relating to including VCLT provisions, dictionaries RO 12
multiple authentic languages, interpretation (VCLT 33), 搖nduly strict requirements?(RO 2(c)) RO 12 n. 20
preparatory work (VCLT 32), RO 2(c) RO 12 n. 22
Rules of Origin Agreement (RO)
design and application, Members?discretion RO 2
documentation requirements RO 12 n. 21
揻ulfilment of a certain condition not related to manufacturing or processing?(RO 2(c)) RO 13
搉egative?nature RO 2
non-discrimination (RO 2(d)), closely related goods RO 14
restrictive, distorting or disruptive effects on international trade, exclusion (RO 2(c))
adverse effects on trade in different goods RO 11
揷reate?RO 9
揺ffects on international trade?RO 11
individual 搑ules?and system distinguished RO 11 n. 18
搕hemselves?RO 8
trade objectives, exclusion as instrument of (RO 2(b)) RO 3?a href="roi_01_e.htm#7">7
design and structure of measure as evidence of protective application RO 5
GATT III:2 obligations compared RO 5
incidental trade effect distinguished RO 7
intention, relevance RO 5
搖nduly strict requirements?(RO 2(c)) RO 12
French and Spanish versions RO 12 n. 20
preparatory work (VCLT 32) RO 12 n. 22
RO 2(a) as context RO 12
搒trict?RO 12
搖nduly?RO 12
rules of origin disciplines (RO 2) (transition period), 搒hall not themselves create?(RO 2(c)), 搑estrictive, distorting or disruptive effects?RO 10
US ?Tobacco (GATT Panel), BISD 41S/I/131, legislation as such, right to challenge (WTO XVI:4), mandatory/ discretionary legislation, distinguishability DSU 290, 294
US ?Tuna (GATT Panel), DS29/R
GATT 1947/WTO continuity
decisions, procedures and customary practices under GATT 1947 (WTO XVI:1) / 搊ther decisions of the Contracting Parties to GATT 1947?(GATT 1994 1(b)(iv)), panel reports (unadopted) GATT 608 n. 868
揹ecisions?(WTO XVI:1/GATT 1(b)(iv)), classification as, panel reports (adopted) GATT 608 n. 868
non-violation claims (GATT XXIII:1(b)), nullification or impairment, need for, measures in force, limitation to GATT 973
US ?Tuna II (Mexico) (Panel), WT/DS381/R
amicus curiae briefs, due process and DSU 682, 744
burden of proof (general rules), onus probandi actori incumbit TBT 53
composition of panel (DSU 8), replacement of panellist DSU 442
due process, amicus curiae briefs and DSU 682, 744
interim review (DSU 15), reconsideration of evidence, arguments and findings DSU 798
搃nternational standards ?as a basis for technical regulation?(TBT 2.4/Annex 1)
burden of proof
effectiveness of standard TBT 53
onus probandi actori incumbit TBT 53
搃n fulfilment of legitimate objective?(TBT 2.4), 搃neffective or inappropriate means?(including distinction between) TBT 69
搃nternational standard?/p>
elements TBT 54
ISO/IEC Guide 2 TBT 54?a href="tbt_01_e.htm#55">5, 154
搒tandard?(Annex 1.2) distinguished TBT 54?a href="tbt_01_e.htm#5">5, 167
ISO/IEC Guide/Annex 1, relationship TBT 154
搑elevant?TBT 66
use 揳s a basis for?GATT 48, 66
搃nternational standards ?as a basis for technical regulation?(TBT 2.4/Annex), 揳s a basis for?TBT 66
interpretation of covered agreements, rules relating to including VCLT provisions, object and purpose, preamble as evidence of TBT 7
judicial economy, irrelevant considerations DSU 656
lex specialis/presumption against treaty conflicts
General Interpretative Note (WTO Annex 1A) DSU 1729
possibilities of conflict considered by panel/AB, GATT/TBT DSU 1729
搈easures at issue?(DSU 6.2), several instruments as single measure DSU 275?a href="dsu_03_e.htm#276">6
MFN treatment (TBT 2.1) TBT 17
relationships within and between agreements
GATT III:4/TBT 2.1 TBT 20
GATT XX/TBT 2.2 TBT 38
SPS 5.6 and footnote 3/TBT 2.2 TBT 40
SPS/TBT SPS 286
State responsibility as rule/general principle of international law (ILC Articles), responsibility for act or omission of, judicial authorities DSU 1684
TBT Agreement
definitions (TBT 1.1 and Annex 1), international standards definitions and (TBT 1.1) TBT 9
object and purpose (preamble), as aid to interpreting TBT Agreement TBT 7
technical regulations (TBT 2/Annex 1.1)
MFN treatment (TBT 2.1) TBT 17
搉ot more trade-restrictive than necessary to fulfil a legitimate objective?(TBT 2.2)
availability of less trade-restrictive alternative TBT 27
burden of proof TBT 29
揻or this purpose?/interrelationship between first and second sentences TBT 35
搇egitimate objective?/p>
multiple objectives TBT 43
搉ecessary?/p>
GATT XX and TBT 38
SPS 5.6 footnote 3 and TBT 40
搕aking account of risks?of non-fulfilment TBT 46
搕rade-restrictive?TBT 36
two-step analysis TBT 31
order of analysis (TBT 2.4) TBT 48
搕echnical regulation?(Annex 1.1), mandatory compliance TBT 164
three-tier test/order of analysis (TBT 2.4) TBT 48
US ?Tyres (China) (AB), WT/DS399/AB/R
causation analysis (SG 4.2(b)) (determination of serious injury or threat of), reasoned and adequate explanation (SG 4.2(a)) SG 330
determination of serious injury or threat of, evaluation of all relevant factors of objective and quantifiable nature (SG 4.2(a)), 揻actors other than increased imports?(SG 4.2 (b)), non-attribution requirement SG 331?a href="safeguards_03_e.htm#332">2
reasoned and adequate explanation requirement (SG), causation (SG 2.1/SG 4.2(b)) SG 330
safeguard measures, maintenance of substantially equivalent level of concessions (SG 8), 揳bsolute?increase in imports (SG 8.3) SG 322
standard/powers of review (panel) (DSU 11)
搊bjective assessment of the facts? de novo review, exclusion SG 153
搊bjective assessment of matter before it? reasoned and adequate explanation (SG 4.2(a)) and SG 153
transitional safeguard measures (SG) (China) (Accession Protocol 16)
causation analysis (Protocol 16.4)
cumulative impact SG 329
non-attribution requirement SG 331?a href="safeguards_03_e.htm#332">2
搒ignificant cause?SG 326?a href="safeguards_03_e.htm#328">8
compliance, standard of review (DSU 11) SG 313
consultations (Protocol 16.1)
significance of consultations provision SG 315
determination of market disruption (Protocol 16.4) as context SG 315
duration of remedy (Protocol 16.6) SG 333
market disruption (Protocol 16.4)
揳bsolute?increase SG 322
investigation period SG 321
搈aterial injury?vs 搒erious injury?SG 320
rate of increase, relevance SG 324
US ?Tyres (China) (Panel), WT/DS399/R
burden of proof (general rules), onus probandi actori incumbit SG 314, 317, 333
safeguard measures, duration and review (SG 7), burden of proof SG 333
transitional safeguard measures (SG) (China) (Accession Protocol 16)
compliance, burden of proof SG 314
搕o the extent necessary?(Protocol 16.3) SG 317?a href="safeguards_03_e.htm#318">18
US ?Underwear (AB), WT/DS24/AB/R, DSR 1997:I
AB procedures (DSU 17.9 and ABWP), written reponses (ABWP 28) DSU 1459
consultations (ATC 6.7)
due process and ATC 76
obligatory nature ATC 79
retroactivity (trade measures) (ATC 6.10) and ATC 76
due process (dispute settlement proceedings), consultations (ATC 6.10) ATC 76
interpretation of covered agreements, rules relating to including VCLT provisions
other treaties, MFA ATC 77?a href="textiles_02_e.htm#78">8
same or closely related phrases in different agreements, GATT X:2/ATC 6.10 ATC 74, 80, 87
ordinary meaning of terms used in covered agreements, 搒uppress?(SCM 6.2(c)) SCM 290
publication and administration of trade regulations (GATT X)
measures of general application (GATT X:1), 搊f general application?GATT 518
transparency and due process, GATT X:2 and GATT 540
relationships within and between agreements
ATC 6.10/ATC 6 as a whole ATC 76
ATC 6.10/GATT X:2 ATC 74, 80, 87
retroactivity (trade measures) (ATC 6.10) ATC 74?a href="textiles_02_e.htm#80">80
ATC 6.10 measure as measure of general application (GATT X:2) ATC 74, 80, 87
consultations, request for and notification to TMB (ATC 6.10) and ATC 76
MFA provision, omission from ATC ATC 77?a href="textiles_02_e.htm#78">8
provisional application of restraint measures authorized under ATC 10 (ATC 11) and ATC 79
transitional safeguards (ATC 6), as balance of rights and obligations ATC 76
US ?Underwear (Panel), WT/DS24/R, DSR 1997:I
confidentiality of proceedings (DSU 14/DSU 17.10/DSU 18.2/WP 3), interim review reports DSU 814
consultations (DSU 4)
confidentiality (DSU 4.6), offers of settlement during consultations and DSU 168
legal status of offers made in course of unsuccessful consultations ATC 26, DSU 168
搘ithout prejudice?nature of obligation (DSU 4.6), offers made during consultations and DSU 168
implementation of panel or AB recommendations (DSU 19.1), panel抯 discretionary suggestions DSU 952
interim review (DSU 15), confidentiality of reports DSU 814, 81814
publication and administration of trade regulations (GATT X), retroactivity (trade measures) (ATC 6.10) GATT 541
quantitative restrictions (ATC 2) (integration process), conformity with ATC provisions, need for (ATC 2.4), transitional safeguards (ATC 6) and ATC 84
retroactivity (trade measures) (ATC 6.10), prior publication (GATT X:2), relevance GATT 541
standard/powers of review (ATC 8.3) ATC 99
standard/powers of review (panel) (DSU 11)
搊bjective assessment of the facts? de novo review of facts, exclusion ATC 99
serious damage or actual threat of (ATC 6.2)/SG 4, Member抯 determination of, statement to TMB, admissibility ATC 23?a href="textiles_02_e.htm#24">4
Textiles and Clothing Agreement (ATC), object and purpose, full integration of textiles into GATT WTO 3
Textiles and Clothing Agreement (ATC), administration of restrictions (ATC 4), statements during review proceedings, admissibility in panel proceedings (DSU 11) ATC 41?a href="textiles_02_e.htm#42">2
Textiles Monitoring Body (TMB)
review proceedings, statements during, admissibility in panel proceedings (DSU 11) ATC 23?a href="textiles_02_e.htm#24">4
standard/powers of review (ATC 8.3) ATC 99
transitional safeguards (ATC 6)
attribution of damage from 搒harp and substantial increase in imports?/criteria (ATC 6.4), comparative analysis, methodology ATC 66
attribution of damage from 搒harp and substantial increase in imports?(ATC 6.4)/criteria, comparative analysis ATC 61 n. 91, 66
搈ore favourable treatment?for re-imports (ATC 6.6(d))
搃n the application of?(ATC 6, chapeau) ATC 67
options for ATC 68
object and purpose (ATC 1.1) and ATC 3
relevant facts (ATC 6.3), obligation to examine all ATC 54
serious damage or actual threat of (ATC 6.2)
揹emonstrably?ATC 51
搊r actual threat of?ATC 35
US ?Upland Coton (AB), WT/DS267/AB/R, DSR 2005:I
AB procedures (DSU 17.9 and ABWP), documents (ABWP 18), failure to file by deadline (ABWP 18(1)) DSU 1397
Agriculture Agreement (AG), relationship with other WTO agreements (AG 21.1), SCM Agreement, AG 6.3/SCM 3.1 (b) AG 79, 193?a href="agriculture_02_e.htm#194">4, SCM 186?a href="subsidies_01_e.htm#187">7
competence of panels and AB (DSU 3.2/DSU 11/DSU 17), 搒hall address the relevant provisions/each issue?(DSU 7.2/ 17.12) DSU 891
confidentiality of proceedings (DSU 14/DSU 17.10/DSU 18.2/WP 3/ABWP 27), Article 22.6 proceedings DSU 927
consultations (DSU 4)
identity of specific measures in the consultations and the request for establishment of a panel, relevance DSU 143
measure at issue (DSU 4.4)
揳ffecting?DSU 152
discretion in identifying (DSU 4.2), desirability DSU 152, 200 n. 267
expired measures (DSU 4.2) DSU 152
as prerequisite to establishment of panel/requirement to indicate whether held (DSU 6.2) DSU 141
purpose/importance, definition and clarification of dispute DSU 152
written request (DSU 4.4) as basis DSU 146
consultations (SCM 4.1?)
object and purpose, clarification and development of the facts of the situation (SCM 4.3) SCM 199
搒tatement of available evidence?(SCM 4.2)
揳vailable?SCM 199
role and purpose SCM 199
domestic support commitments (AG 6)
揷onsidered to be in compliance?(AG 6.3) AG 79
SMC 3.1(b) and AG 79, 193?a href="agriculture_02_e.htm#194">4
due restraint (AG 13) (損eace clause?
domestic support measures conforming with AG 6 (AG 13(b))
揼rant?(AG 13(b)(ii)) AG 140
搈easures ?not grant[ing] support to a specific commodity?(AG 13(b)(ii)) AG 141?a href="agriculture_02_e.htm#143">3
green box measures (AG Annex 2) (AG 13(a))
Annex 2, para. 6(b) and 6(e) distinguished AG 198
Annex 2, para. 11 and AG 199
measures not qualifying as (Annex 2, para. 6(b)) AG 196?a href="agriculture_02_e.htm#197">7
export subsidy commitments (AG 9), 揹irect subsidies, including payments-in-kind?(AG 9.1(a)), 揷ontingent on export performance?AG 86
export subsidy commitments, prevention of circumvention (AG 10)
export credit guarantees (AG 10.2)
揹evelopment?AG 124?a href="agriculture_01_e.htm#125">5
exclusion from AG 10.1, whether AG 124?a href="agriculture_01_e.htm#125">5
揺xport subsidies?(AG 9.1) and AG 125
揺xport subsidies ?applied in a manner which results in, or which threatens to lead to, circumvention 厰 (AG 10.1)
揷ircumvention?/p>
threat of circumvention AG 115
threat of circumvention, obligation to take action AG 113
tax exemption, discretionary nature/legal right AG 115
揺xport subsidy?(AG 1(3)/SCM 1.1 and 3.1) AG 17
international food aid (AG 10.4), relationship with AG 10.1 AG 129
export subsidy, prohibited (SCM, Part II)
揷ontingent in law 厰 (SCM 3.1(a)) SCM 131
揺xcept as provided in the Agreement on Agriculture?(SCM 3.1 chapeau) SCM 124
identification of specific measures (DSU 6.2)
identity with specific measure the subject of consultations, relevance DSU 143
recommendations of panel/DSB (DSU 19.2), effect DSU 353
Illustrative List of Export Subsidies (SCM Annex I), export credit guarantee or insurance (item (j)), assessment of adequacy to cover SCM 624
implementation of panel or AB recommendations (DSU 19.1)
choice of means at authorities?discretion (DSU 21.3) DSU 1108?a href="dsu_08_e.htm#1109">9
identification of specific measures (DSU 6.2) DSU 353
international food aid (AG 10.4), relationship with AG 10.1 AG 129
interpretation of covered agreements, rules relating to including VCLT provisions
same or closely related phrases in same agreement, AG Annex 2, para. 6(b)/para. 11 AG 199
as a whole/holistic/harmonious exercise DSU 1555 n. 2388
judicial economy
explicit reference to, relevance DSU 650
limitation of consideration to claims essential to resolution of dispute (DSU 3.2) DSU 891
prior decision on another point rendering discussion otiose SCM 326
搒hall address the relevant provisions/each issue?(DSU 7.2/DSU 17.12) DSU 891
least-developed countries (LDCs)
搒erious prejudice?(SCM 5(c)) DSU 1323
special procedures (DSU 24) DSU 1323
legal basis of claim / 揷laim?/ 搈atter referred?(DSU 6.2/7.1), clarification of claim during proceedings DSU 152
搈easures at issue?(DSU 6.2), expired measure with continuing effects DSU 255, 257, 380
multiple authentic languages, interpretation (VCLT 33), 搊rdinary meaning?(VCLT 31(1)) and DSU 1664
notice of appeal, requirements (ABWP 20(2)(d))
failure to meet, consequences DSU 1426
statement of allegation of error on issues of law/legal interpretations (ABWP 20(2)(d)), 揻or example? sufficiency DSU 1426
ordinary meaning of terms used in covered agreements
揳ffecting?(DSU 4.2) DSU 152
搈arket?(SCM 6.3(c)) SCM 319 n. 531, 321
multiple authentic languages (VCLT 33) and DSU 1664
搑elated to?(AG Annex 2, para. 6(b)) AG 196
搘orld market share?(SCM 6(3)(d)) SCM 326
panel reports, rationale/reasons, need for (DSU 12.7), sufficiency SCM 310
prompt and satisfactory settlement (DSU 3.3), impairment of benefits by measures taken by another Member (DSU 3.3), 揗ember considers?DSU 69
relationships within and between agreements
AG 1(e)/AG 9.1/AG 10/2 AG 125
AG 6.3 and Annex 3 para. 7/SCM 3.1(b) SCM 186?a href="subsidies_01_e.htm#187">7
AG 6.3/SCM 3.1(b) AG 79, 193?a href="agriculture_02_e.htm#194">4
AG 10.1/AG 10.4 AG 129
AG 21.1/SCM 3.1 as determinants of AG/SCM relationship SCM 184?a href="subsidies_01_e.htm#185">5
AG3.1/SCM SCM 124
DSU 6.2/DSU 19.1 DSU 353
review of implementation of DSB rulings (DSU 21.5), 搈easures taken to comply? identification of DSU 1119
搒erious prejudice?(SCM 5(c)), LDCs and (DSU 24.1) DSU 1323
搒erious prejudice?(SCM 6)
搒ignificant price undercutting/suppression? (SCM 6.3(c))
揺ffect of the subsidy? continuing effect SCM 299
搃n the same market?SCM 319, 321?a href="subsidies_02_e.htm#322">2, 325
損rice suppression?SCM 278, 316
quantification, relevance SCM 297
搒ignificant?SCM 310
unitary vs two-step approach SCM 290
special or additional rules and procedures (DSU1.2 and Appendix 2), 搒hall prevail?in case of a difference with DSU DSU 21
standard/powers of review (AB) (issues of law and legal interpretations) (DSU 17.6)
completion of the legal analysis in case of, agreement with panel DSU 1323
law vs fact, compliance/consistency with treaty obligations DSU 843 n. 1331
standard/powers of review (panel) (DSU 11), error of law, incorrect interpretation of covered agreement SCM 326
terms of reference of panels (DSU 7), request for establishment of panel as basis DSU 143
us ?upland cotton (AB), ordinary meaning of terms used in covered agreements, 搑elated to?(AG Annex 2, para. 6(b)) AG 196
WTO Agreement, as single undertaking (WTO II:2) WTO 21
US ?Upland Cotton (Panel), WT/DS267/R, Corr.1 and Add.1 to Add.3
adverse inferences from party抯 refusal to provide information, panel抯 right to draw (DSU 13), 搒erious prejudice?(SCM 5()), 搒ignificant price undercutting/suppression? (SCM 6.3(c)) as SCM 265
Aggregate Measurement of Support (AMS) (AG 1(a)/Annex 3)
搒upport?(Annex 3, para. 1) AG 9
calculation for purposes of AG 13(b)(ii) AG 144
GATT XVI:1 compared AG 9
揳gricultural products?(AG 2/Annex 1)
applicability of jurisprudence relating to non-agricultural products AG 24
揷ommodity?(AG 13(b)(ii)), as context for AG 23
scheduled and unscheduled products distinguished AG 23
Agriculture Agreement (AG)
relationship with other WTO agreements (AG 21.1)
GATT XVI (subsidies) GATT 715, 717
SCM Agreement, AG 6.3/SCM 3.1(b) AG 79, 193?a href="agriculture_02_e.htm#194">4, SCM 186?a href="subsidies_01_e.htm#187">7
confidentiality of proceedings (DSU 14/DSU 17.10/DSU 18.2/WP 3/ABWP 27)
interim review reports DSU 918
private counsel/advisers not part of delegation and DSU 918
consultations (DSU 4)
measure at issue (DSU 4.4)
揳ffecting?DSU 152
expired measures (DSU 4.2) DSU 152
consultations (SCM 4.1?)
object and purpose SCM 198
搒tatement of available evidence?(SCM 4.2)
揳vailable?SCM 198
role and purpose SCM 198
domestic support commitments (AG 6)
揷onsidered to be in compliance?(AG 6.3) AG 79
SMC 3.1(b) and AG 79, 193?a href="agriculture_02_e.htm#194">4
due process (dispute settlement proceedings), prejudice to party, relevance DSU 467, 749
due restraint (AG 13) (損eace clause?
domestic support measures conforming with AG 6 (AG 13(b)) AG 133
calculation of AMS (AG 1(a)/Annex 3) AG 144
揺xempt from actions?(AG 13(b)(ii)) AG 139
搈easures ?not grant[ing] support to a specific commodity?(AG 13(b)(ii)) AG 143
搕hat decided during the 1992 marketing year?AG 145?a href="agriculture_02_e.htm#147">7
green box measures (AG Annex 2) (AG 13(a)) AG 133
exemption from GATT XVI and SCM Part III AG 134
measures not qualifying as (Annex 2, para. 6(b)) AG 196
structure AG 133
export subsidy commitments, prevention of circumvention (AG 10)
burden of proof (AG 10.3), scheduled products, limitation to AG 128
export credit guarantees (AG 10.2), exclusion from AG 10.1, whether AG 124
export subsidy, definition (AG 1(e)), 揷ontingent upon export performance? SCM 3.1(a) compared AG 17
good faith engagement in dispute settlement procedures (DSU 3.10), prompt challenge to deficient procedures DSU 114
Illustrative List of Export Subsidies (SCM Annex I)
export credit guarantee or insurance (item (j))
assessment of adequacy to cover SCM 623
as contextual guidance SCM 617
揺xport credit guarantee ?programmes?SCM 618
搃nadequate to cover?SCM 620
搇ong-term?SCM 620
搊perating costs and losses?SCM 622
損remiums?SCM 619
information or technical advice, panel抯 right to seek (DSU 13.1/SPS 11.2), 揻rom any individual or body? parties DSU 749
interim review (DSU 15)
confidentiality of reports DSU 918
multiple complainants/separate reports, on a particular issue DSU 812
interpretation of covered agreements, rules relating to including VCLT provisions
context (VCLT 31(2)), other articles in same agreement AG 23
dictionaries SCM 622
different language in same agreement, SCM 5(c) and 6.3(c)/SCM 15.2 and 15.5 SCM 303
same or closely related phrases in different agreements
AG 1(e)/SCM 3.1(a) AG 17
AG Annex 3, para. 1/GATT XVI:1 AG 9
GATT XVI:1/SCM 5(c)/6.3(c) GATT 714
least-developed countries (LDCs)
搒erious prejudice?(SCM 5(c)) DSU 1321?a href="dsu_09_e.htm#1322">2
special procedures (DSU 24) DSU 1321?a href="dsu_09_e.htm#1322">2
legislation as such, right to challenge (WTO XVI:4), mandatory/
discretionary legislation, distinguishability, assessment of
mandatory nature DSU 291
lex specialis/presumption against treaty conflicts
General Interpretative Note (WTO Annex 1A) DSU 1724
precedence/hierarchy in case of conflict DSU 1724
multiple complainants (DSU 9), separate interim review reports (DSU 9.2), on a particular issue DSU 812
order of analysis
AD 13/SCM 3, 5 and 6/GATT XVI DSU 693
GATT/SCM DSU 1724
order of analysis of AD 13/SCM 3, 5 and 6/GATT XVI DSU 693
ordinary meaning of terms used in covered agreements
揳ffecting?(DSU 4.2) DSU 152
搃nadequate to cover?(Illustrative List item (j)) SCM 620
搃nadequate to cover?(SCM footnote 9) SCM 620
搇ong-term?(Illustrative List item (j)) SCM 620
搇ong-term?(SCM Illustrative list item (k)) SCM 621
搊perating costs and losses?(SCM Illustrative List item (j)) SCM 622
損remium?(SCM footnote 59) SCM 619
損rice undercutting/suppression?(SCM 6.3(c)) SCM 316
搒erious?(SCM 5(c)) SCM 265
搒ignificant?(SCM 6.3(c)) SCM 310
preliminary rulings (procedural aspects), third parties?rights relating to DSU 502
relationships within and between agreements
AG 2/AG 13(b)(ii) AG 23
AG 6.3/SCM 3.1(b) AG 79, 193?a href="agriculture_02_e.htm#194">4, SCM 186?a href="subsidies_01_e.htm#187">7
AG 13/DSU 1.2 DSU 11
AG 13(a)/GATT XVI/SCM Part III AG 134
DSU 3.7, 3.10 and 24.1 DSU 1324
GATT XVI:3/AG 1(3), 3.3, 8, 9 and 10 GATT 715
搒erious prejudice?(GATT XVI:1), 搒erious prejudice?(SMC 5(c)/6.3(c)), identity of meaning GATT 714
搒erious prejudice?(SCM 5(c))
aggregated analysis SCM 304
LDCs and (DSU 24.1) DSU 1321?a href="dsu_09_e.htm#1322">2
aggregated analysis SCM 304
損rice suppression?SCM 278, 315?a href="subsidies_02_e.htm#316">16
unitary vs two-step approach SCM 290
搒erious prejudice?(SCM 6)
搒ignificant price undercutting/suppression? (SCM 6.3(c))
搃n the same market?SCM 321
搒ignificant?SCM 310
搒ubsidized product?vs 揺ffect of the subsidy?SCM 303
special or additional rules and procedures (DSU1.2 and Appendix 2), arrangements considered for classification as, AG 13 DSU 11
special procedures involving LDCs (DSU 24)
due restraint obligation DSU 1324
損articular consideration shall be given?(DSU 24.1) DSU 1321?a href="dsu_09_e.htm#1322">2
subsidies (GATT XVI)
AG 3.3, 8, 9 and 10 and GATT 715
SCM 5(c)/6.3(c) and GATT 714
搒erious prejudice?(GATT XVI:2) GATT 714
subsidy, specificity (SCM 2)
揷ertain enterprises?(SCM 2 chapeau) SCM 102
subsidy 揷ontingent upon the use of domestic over imported goods?(SCM 2.3/SCM 3.1) SCM 121
third party enhanced rights/rights beyond those indicated in DSU 10.2, DSU 10.3 and Appendix 3, para. 6 DSU 483
third party rights (DSU 10 and Appendix 3)
obligation of panels to take 揻ully?into account (DSU 10.1) DSU 467
panel抯 right to draw on third party submissions DSU 498
US ?Upland Cotton (Article 21.5 ?Brazil) (AB), WT/DS267/AB/RW, DSR 2008:III
adverse effects (SCM 5)
obligation to remove adverse threats or withdraw subsidy (SCM 7.8)
adverse effects arising subsequent to original proceedings, applicability to SCM 329
affirmative action requirement SCM 329
special or additional rules and procedures (DSU 1.2 and Appendix 2) and DSU 21
搘ithdrawal of subsidy without delay?(SCM 4.7) compared SCM 329
burden of proof, prima facie case requirement, 搈ore likely than not?test DSU 555
Illustrative List of Export Subsidies (SCM Annex I)
export credit guarantee or insurance (item (j))
assessment of adequacy to cover SCM 626
as contextual guidance SCM 617
ordinary meaning of terms used in covered agreements, 搒uppress?(SCM 6.2(c)) SCM 281
prompt and satisfactory settlement (DSU 3.3), multiple proceedings, avoidance of DSU 67
搑easonable period?for implementation of recommendations and rulings (Article 21.3(c) arbitrations), WTO-consistent measures, limitation to DSU 1129
review of implementation of DSB rulings (DSU 21.5)
搈easures taken to comply?/p>
identification of DSU 1119
new measures DSU 1136
relitigation of original dispute, exclusion DSU 1132
搒erious prejudice?(SCM 6)
genuine causal link requirement SCM 282 n. 462, 289
搒ignificant price undercutting/suppression? (SCM 6.3(c))
揺ffect of the subsidy? continuing effect SCM 300
non-attribution of adverse effects caused by other factors SCM 282, 285?a href="subsidies_02_e.htm#286">6, 289
損rice depression?and 損rice suppression? distinguished SCM 309
損rice suppression? 損rice depression? distinguished SCM 317
搒ignificant?SCM 311
搒ignificant price undercutting/suppression? (SCM 6.3(c)), counterfactual analysis SCM 293?a href="subsidies_02_e.htm#294">4
standard/powers of review (AB) (issues of law and legal interpretations) (DSU 17.6), law vs fact, mixed fact and law DSU 849
搘ithdrawal of subsidy without delay?(SCM 4.7), withdrawal of subsidy as SCM 7.8 remedy compared SCM 329
US ?Upland Cotton (Article 21.5 ?Brazil) (Panel), WT/DS267/RW and Corr.1
adverse effects (SCM 5)
obligation to remove adverse threats or withdraw subsidy (SCM 7.8)
adverse effects arising subsequent to original proceedings, applicability to SCM 328
搘ithdrawal of subsidy without delay?(SCM 4.7) compared SCM 328
competence of panels and AB (DSU 3.2/DSU 11/DSU 17)
comp閠ence de la comp閠ence/obligation to address jurisdictional issues [on own motion] DSU 438
finding on issue not raised by parties DSU 438
composition of panel (DSU 8)
determination by Director-General (DSU 8.7), challenge to DSU 438
determination by panel DSU 438 n. 721
DSU dispute settlement, 損ositive solution to a dispute?as aim (DSU 3.7) DSU 438
export subsidy commitments, prevention of circumvention (AG 10), 揺xport subsidy?(AG 1(3)/SCM 1.1 and 3.1) AG 18
export subsidy, definition (AG 1(e)), 揷ontingent upon export performance? SCM 3.1(a) compared AG 18
Illustrative List of Export Subsidies (SCM Annex I), export credit guarantee or insurance (item (j)), assessment of adequacy to cover SCM 625
interpretation of covered agreements, rules relating to including VCLT provisions, same or closely related phrases in different agreements, AG 1(e)/SCM 3.1(a) AG 18
搒erious prejudice?(SCM 5(c))
揵ut for?test SCM 281
搊f another Member?SCM 266
搒erious prejudice?(SCM 6)
elements listed in SCM 6.3, sufficiency to establish, 搘here one or several ?apply?SCM 278
genuine causal link requirement, burden of proof SCM 283
搒ignificant price undercutting/suppression? (SCM 6.3(c))
揺ffect of the subsidy? period of review SCM 301
non-attribution of adverse effects caused by other factors SCM 288
unitary vs two-step approach SCM 291
special or additional rules and procedures (DSU 1.2 and Appendix 2), arrangements considered for classification as, SCM 7.8 DSU 21
third party rights (DSU 10 and Appendix 3), panel抯 right to draw on third party submissions DSU 499
搘ithdrawal of subsidy without delay?(SCM 4.7), withdrawal of subsidy as SCM 7.8 remedy compared SCM 328
US ?Upland Cotton (Article 22.6 ?United States I), WT/DS267/ARB/1
arbitration (DSU 22.6)
scope of review/arbitrators?mandate/task (DSU 22.7)
determination of appropriateness of countermeasure (SCM 4.11) SCM 233
determination of 揳ppropriateness/appropriate? countermeasure (SCM 4.11) SCM 245
scope of review/arbitrators?mandate/task (SCM 4.11), burden of proof, allocation SCM 249
burden of proof (general rules)
Article 22.6 arbitrations, allocation by arbitrator SCM 249
onus probandi actori incumbit SCM 249
countermeasures in case of failure to comply with panel or AB report within specified time-period (SCM 4.10)
揳ppropriate?/p>
arbitration (DSU 22.6) and (SCM 4.11) SCM 245
proportionality (footnote 9) SCM 227, 230
SCM 4.10/4.11, identity of meaning SCM 231
calculation of countermeasure, possible bases/relevant factors
adverse trade effects SCM 233
amount of subsidy SCM 233
suspension of concessions (DSU 22.4) distinguished SCM 233, 254
揷ountermeasure?SCM 223
as retaliatory act SCM 223, 232
temporary nature SCM 223
inducement of compliance as objective SCM 232
State responsibility and SCM 223, 227
countermeasures in case of failure to take measures to remove adverse effects of or withdraw subsidy (SCM 7.9), 揷ountermeasures? SCM 4.10 and 4.11 compared SCM 223
countermeasures (general principles), proportionality SCM 227, 230
interpretation of covered agreements, rules relating to including VCLT provisions
dictionaries SCM 227
cautious approach to SCM 223, 277
different language in same agreement, SCM 4.10 and 4.11/SCM 7.9 SCM 252
footnotes to treaty as aid/integral part of treaty SCM 230
same or closely related phrases in same agreement, SCM 4.10/SCM 4.11 SCM 231
lex specialis/presumption against treaty conflicts, possibilities of conflict considered by panel/AB, ILC Articles on State Responsibility SCM 223 n. 356
proportionality, countermeasures SCM 227, 230
relationship between and within agreements, SCM 4.11/SCM 7.9 SCM 252
State responsibility as rule/general principle of international law (ILC Articles), countermeasures SCM 223, 227
suspension of concessions for non-implementation of DSB recommendations and rulings (DSU 22), level equivalent to nullification or impairment (DSU 22.4), 揳ppropriate?(SCM 4.10) distinguished SCM 233, 254
US ?Upland Cotton (Article 22.6 ?United States II), WT/DS267/ARB/2 and Corr.1
arbitration (DSU 22.6)
scope of review/arbitrators?mandate/task (DSU 22.7), determination of 揳ppropriateness/appropriate?countermeasure (SCM 7.10) SCM 336
scope of review/arbitrators?mandate/task (SCM 7.10), burden of proof, allocation SCM 337
burden of proof (general rules)
Article 22.6 arbitrations, allocation by arbitrator SCM 337
onus probandi actori incumbit SCM 337
countermeasures in case of failure to comply with panel or AB report within specified time-period (SCM 4.10), State responsibility and SCM 331
countermeasures in case of failure to take measures to remove adverse effects of or withdraw subsidy (SCM 7.9)
揳dverse effects determined to exist?SCM 334
arbitrators?mandate/task (SCM 7.10) SCM 336
揷ommensurate?SCM 332
SCM 4.10 and 4.11 compared SCM 252, 331
揷ountermeasures?/p>
as retaliatory act SCM 331, 335
SCM 4.10 and 4.11 compared SCM 340
揹egree and nature?SCM 333
inducement of compliance as objective, SCM 4.10 and DSU 22.4 compared SCM 335
special or additional rules and procedures (DSU 1.2 and Appendix 2) and SCM 338, DSU 24
countermeasures (general principles)
揷ountermeasure? as retaliatory act SCM 331, 335
temporary nature SCM 331
interpretation of covered agreements, rules relating to including VCLT provisions
dictionaries, cautious approach to SCM 331
different language in same agreement SCM 340
lex specialis/presumption against treaty conflicts, possibilities of conflict considered by panel/AB, ILC Articles on State Responsibility SCM 331 n. 557
ordinary meaning of terms used in covered agreements, 揳ppropriate?(SCM 4.10) SCM 277
relationships within and between agreements, DSU 22.3/SCM 7.9 and 7.10 DSU 24
special or additional rules and procedures (DSU 1.2 and Appendix 2)
arrangements considered for classification as, SCM 7.9 and 7.10 SCM 338, DSU 24
搒hall prevail?in case of a difference with DSU DSU 24
State responsibility as rule/general principle of international law (ILC Articles), countermeasures SCM 331
US ?Wheat Gluten (AB), WT/DS166/AB/R, DSR 2001:III
adverse inferences from party抯 refusal to provide information, panel抯 right to draw, obligation to respond promptly to panel抯 requests for information and (DSU 13.1), confidential information (SG 3.2) and SG 115
adverse inferences from party抯 refusal to provide information, panel抯 right to draw (DSU 13)
discretionary nature DSU 562
judicial economy and DSU 562
causation analysis (SG 4.2(b)) (determination of serious injury or threat of)
揹emonstrates?SG 177?a href="safeguards_02_e.htm#178">8, 208
搊n the basis of objective data?SG 181
order of analysis SG 202
relationships within and between agreements SG 58, 178
competence of panels and AB (DSU 3.2/DSU 11/DSU 17), competence of panel and AB compared DSU 605, 846
confidential information (SG 3.2), DSU 13.1 confidentiality requirements and SG 114
customs unions (GATT XXIV:5(a)), safeguard measures (SG 2.1 footnote 1) GATT 1056
customs value determination (VAL), transaction value, examination of circumstances of sale in related-party transaction (VAL 1.2(a)), responsibility for providing information VAL 18
determination of injury (AD 3)
causal relationship, manner of evaluating (AD 3.5), non-attribution to dumped imports of injury caused by other factors (AD 3.5), SG 4.2(b) compared AD 251, 285, 323
evaluation of injury factors (AD 3.4), all relevant economic factors and indices having a bearing on, SG 4.2(a) factors and AD 247 n. 343
determination of serious injury or threat of, definitions (SG 4.1), 搒erious injury?(SG 4.1(a))/ 搕hreat of serious injury?(SG 4.1(b)), as 搒ignificant overall impairment?/ 搗ery high standard of injury?(SG 4.1(a)) SG 120
determination of serious injury or threat of, evaluation of all relevant factors of objective and quantifiable nature (SG 4.2(a)) SG 120, 207
consistency of interpretation between SG 4.2(a) and SG 4.2(b), need for SG 142, 207
evaluation of injury factors (AD 3.4) and AD 247 n. 343
factors not listed in SG 4.2(a), right/obligation to examine SG 164?a href="safeguards_02_e.htm#165">5
揻actors other than increased imports?(SG 4.2(b)) SG 74 n. 128, 177, 207, 207?a href="safeguards_02_e.htm#208">8
non-attribution requirement SG 199?a href="safeguards_02_e.htm#202">202, 209
factors relating to imports and domestic industry SG 141?a href="safeguards_02_e.htm#142">2, 207
obligation of competent authorities to seek information additional to that supplied by interested parties / 搃nvestigate?AD 914 n. 1246, SG 92?a href="safeguards_02_e.htm#94">4, 165, 309
developing countries (SG 9), exclusion of developing country exporting less than de minimis levels (SG 9.1), as exception to general SG rules SG 68 n. 114
dispute settlement (SG 14), standard of review (DSU 11), 搊bjective assessment of the facts? reasoned and adequate explanation (SG 4.2(a)) and SG 309
emergency action (GATT XIX), free trade agreements/customs unions and (SG 2.1 footnote 1) GATT 1056
information or technical advice, panel抯 right to seek (DSU 13.1/SPS 11.2)
confidential information (SG 3.2) and SG 115
prompt and full response requirement DSU 763
interpretation of covered agreements, rules relating to including VCLT provisions
evaluation of all factors
obligation of competent authorities to seek information additional to that supplied by interested parties SG 92?a href="safeguards_02_e.htm#94">4
opportunity to respond to presentations of other parties SG 92
opportunity to submit evidence and views SG 92
same or closely related phrases in same agreement, SG 2.1/SPG 2.2 SG 68
investigation of conditions for safeguard measures, requirements (SG 3.1/SG 4.2(c)), interested parties, notification to SG 92
judicial economy
adverse inferences and DSU 562
prior decision on another point rendering discussion otiose GATT 825, SG 230
notification and consultation (SG 12)
揳dequate opportunity for prior consultations? (SG 12.3) SG 286
level of concessions (SG 8.1) and SG 239
揳ll pertinent information?(SG 12.2), precise description of proposed measure sufficient for prior consultation under SG 12.3 SG 287
搃mmediately?/p>
SG 12.1 SG 264
SG 12.1(b) SG 270
SG 12.1(c) SG 273?a href="safeguards_03_e.htm#275">5
translation delays SG 264
timing (SG 12.1)/content (SG 12.2) distinguished SG 273?a href="safeguards_03_e.htm#274">4
ordinary meaning of terms used in covered agreements
搃mmediately? SG 12.1 SG 263
搃nvestigation?(SG 3.1) SG 92
publication of findings and reasoned conclusions (SG 4.2(a)) SG 68
reasoned and adequate explanation requirement (SG), causation (SG 2.1/SG 4.2(b)) GATT 801, SG 181, 209
relationships within and between agreements
DSU 11 and 13/SG 3.2 SG 114
GATT XIX:1/SG 2 and 4 GATT 825
SG 2.1/SG 4.2(b) SG 58, 178, 209
SG 3.1/SG 4.2(a) SG 92?a href="safeguards_02_e.htm#94">4
SG 4.2(a)/SG 4.2(b) SG 142, 207
safeguard measures, conditions (SG 2)
free trade agreements/customs unions and (SG 2.1 footnote 1) GATT 1056
parallelism between investigation (SG 2.1/SG 4.1(c)) and application of measure (SG 2.2) SG 68?a href="safeguards_01_e.htm#69">9
搃rrespective of source? applicability to RTAs SG 68?a href="safeguards_01_e.htm#69">9
separate investigation into RTA member, relevance SG 69
reasoned and adequate explanation requirement SG 69
搖nder such conditions?SG 51, 58, 178
揻actors other than increased imports?(SG 4.2(b)) and SG 58
safeguard measures, maintenance of substantially equivalent level of concessions (SG 8)
揺quivalent?SG 239
揳dequate opportunity for prior consultations? (SG 12.3) and SG 239
standard/powers of Review (AB) (issues of law and legal interpretations) (DSU 17.6)
law vs fact
alleged failure of panel to make objective assessment (DSU 11) DSU 605, 846
panel as trier of facts DSU 562, 605
standard/powers of review (panel) (DSU 11), 搊bjective assessment of the facts?DSU 605, 846
translation, delays caused by (SG 12) SG 264
US ?Wheat Gluten (Panel), WT/DS166/R, DSR 2001:III
business confidential information (BCI), ex parte communications with panel or AB (DSU 18.1) and DSU 906
causation analysis (SG 4.2(b)) (determination of serious injury or threat of)
coincidence of trends in imports and in injury factors SG 184, 187
揹emonstrates?SG 176
relationships within and between agreements SG 58
relevance in absence of serious injury SG 74 n. 128, 177
confidential information (SG 3.2) SG 110?a href="safeguards_02_e.htm#111">11
non-confidential summaries SG 111
panel抯 right to seek information or technical advice (DSU 13/ SPS 11.2), relevance SG 113?a href="safeguards_02_e.htm#114">14
confidentiality of proceedings (DSU 14/DSU 17.10/DSU 18.2/WP 3), panel抯 right to seek information or technical advice (DSU 13/SPS 11.2), relevance SG 113?a href="safeguards_02_e.htm#114">14
customs unions (GATT XXIV:5(a)), safeguard measures (SG 2.1 footnote 1) GATT 1056
determination of serious injury or threat of, definitions (SG 4.1)
搒erious injury?(SG 4.1(a)), current serious injury SG 122
搒erious injury?(SG 4.1(a))/ 搕hreat of serious injury?(SG 4.1 (b)), as 搒ignificant overall impairment? / 搗ery high standard of injury?(SG 4.1(a)) SG 119
determination of serious injury or threat of, evaluation of all relevant factors of objective and quantifiable nature (SG 4.2(a)) SG 146
all factors listed in SG 4.2(a) SG 146
factors not listed in SG 4.2(a), right/obligation to examine SG 164?a href="safeguards_02_e.htm#165">5
揻actors other than increased imports?(SG 4.2(b)) SG 58, 176
non-attribution requirement SG 199
損roductivity?SG 163
emergency action (GATT XIX), free trade agreements/customs unions and (SG 2.1 footnote 1) GATT 1056
ex parte communications with panel or AB (DSU 18.1), BCI (DSU 18.2) and DSU 906
information or technical advice, panel抯 right to seek (DSU 13.1/SPS 11.2), confidential information (SG 3.2) and SG 113?a href="safeguards_02_e.htm#114">14
investigation of conditions for safeguard measures, requirements (SG 3.1/SG 4.2(c))
data of an objective and quantifiable nature
methodology, absence of provision SG 171
representativeness SG 135
published report, confidential information (SG 3.2) and SG 110?a href="safeguards_02_e.htm#111">11
judicial economy, prior decision on another point rendering discussion otiose SG 230
搇ike or directly competitive product?(SG 2.1/SG 4.1(c))
揹omestic industry?(SG 4.1(c)) and, 揷ollective output ?constitutes a major proportion? representative data and SG 135
搃mmediately?/p>
SG 12.1 SG 263
SG 12.1(b) SG 269
notification and consultation (SG 12), timeliness (SG 12.1, 12.2 and 12.3) SG 287
ordinary meaning of terms used in covered agreements, SG 12.1 SG 263
prompt and satisfactory resolution of disputes, Members?right to (DSU 3), failure to provide confidential information (SG 3.2) and SG 115
relationships within and between agreements
DSU 11 and 13/SG 3.2 SG 113
SG 2 and 4/SG 5 SG 230
SG 2/SG 4 SG 20
SG 3.2/SG 4.2(c) SG 222
safeguard measures, conditions (SG 2)
determination of serious injury or threat (SG 4), violation as violation of SG 2 SG 20
free trade agreements/customs unions and (SG 2.1 footnote 1) GATT 1056
搒uch increased quantities?(SG 2.1)
absolute increase SG 50
as sudden and recent increase SG 32
搒ufficient to cause serious injury or threat? (SG 2.1) SG 32
搖nder such conditions?SG 51, 56, 58
price analysis, relevance SG 61
US ?Wool Shirts and Blouses (AB), WT/DS33/AB/R and Corr.1, DSR1997:I
AB procedures (DSU 17.9 and ABWP), timetable (ABWP 26), modification in exceptional circumstances (ABWP 16(2)) DSU 1386
burden of proof (general rules)
onus probandi actori incumbit GATT 768, 853, SPS 33, SCM 653, DSU 539
prima facie case requirement GATT 598, 853
evidence necessary to establish, determination case-by-case approach SPS 35, DSU 548
competence of panels and AB (DSU 3.2/DSU 11/DSU 17), 揷larification of existing provisions?DSU 52, 386, 639
DSU, 損ositive solution to a dispute?as aim (DSU 3.7) DSU 78
General Council (WTO IV:2), functions, interpretation of WTO Agreement WTO 198
General Exceptions (GATT XX), burden of proof GATT 853
interim review (DSU 15), termination of measures following, effect DSU 384 n. 623
interpretation of covered agreements, responsibility for (WTO IX:2), Ministerial Conference/General Council (WTO IV:2) WTO 198
interpretation of covered agreements, responsibility for authoritative (WTO IX:2), 揷larify the existing provisions?(DSU 3.2) and DSU 52, 639
judicial economy
legal basis (DSU 11) DSU 638?a href="dsu_05_e.htm#639">9
limitation of consideration to claims essential to resolution of dispute (DSU 3.2) DSU 52, 638?a href="dsu_05_e.htm#639">9
搈ake such other findings?(DSU 11) and DSU 637?a href="dsu_05_e.htm#638">8
損ositive solution to dispute?requirement (DSU 3.7)/false judicial economy and DSU 638
security and predictability of WTO obligations (DSU 3.2) and DSU 52
搈easures at issue?(DSU 6.2), terminated measures, termination following interim review DSU 384 n. 623
national treatment, regulatory discrimination (GATT III:4), burden of proof GATT 326
quantitative restrictions (ATC 2) (integration process), conformity with ATC provisions, need for (ATC 2.4), transitional safeguards (ATC 6) and ATC 84
relationships within and between agreements, GATT I/GATT XI GATT 113
security and predictability of WTO obligations (DSU 3.2)
揷larify the existing provisions?and DSU 52
judicial economy and DSU 52
standard/powers of Review (AB) (issues of law and legal interpretations) (DSU 17.6), legal findings or developed interpretations, limitation to (DSU 17.13) SPS 345, DSU 896
standard/powers of review (panel) (DSU 11)
搊bjective assessment of matter before it?/p>
all legal claims, need to consider under DSU 3.2 DSU 598 n. 955, 639, 644
損ositive solution?requirement (DSU 3.7) and DSU 78
US ?Wool Shirts and Blouses (Panel), WT/DS33/R, DSR1997:I
composition of panel (DSU 8), citizens of parties (DSU 8.3), TMB distinguished DSU 433
interim review (DSU 15), termination of measures following, effect DSU 384 n. 623
judicial economy, 搈ake such other findings as will assist 厰 (DSU 11) and DSU 637
搈easures at issue?(DSU 6.2)
terminated measures
termination following agreement on terms of reference DSU 391
termination following interim review DSU 384 n. 623
non-violation claims (GATT XXIII:1(b)), nullification or impairment, need for, measures in force, limitation to GATT 973
quantitative restrictions (ATC 2) (integration process), conformity with ATC provisions, need for (ATC 2.4), transitional safeguards (ATC 6) and ATC 85
standard/powers of review (ATC 8.3) ATC 100
Textiles Monitoring Body (TMB)
composition (ATC 8.1), DSU 8.3 distinguished DSU 433
recommendations, legal status (ATC 8.9) ATC 102
role (ATC 8), dispute settlement panels distinguished ATC 90
transitional safeguards (ATC 6)
as balance of rights and obligations ATC 28
burden of proof ATC 28
criteria/relevant factors (ATC 6.3), obligation to examine all ATC 55, SG 144
serious damage or actual threat of (ATC 6.2)
揹emonstrably?ATC 52
搉ot by other factors?ATC 52
US ?Zeroing (EC) (AB), WT/DS294/AB/R and Corr.1, DSR 2006: II
AB procedures (DSU 17.9 and ABWP), transmittal of records (ABWP 25), inclusion of correspondence not in the record of the panel proceedings DSU 1446
AB procedures (DU 17.9 and ABWP), transmittal of records (ABWP 25), inclusion of correspondence not in the record of the panel proceedings DSU 1446
anti-dumping duties, imposition and collection (AD 9), assessment (AD 9.3), retrospective assessment (AD 9.3.1), zeroing and AD 686?a href="anti_dumping_03_e.htm#687">7
conformity of laws, regulations and administrative procedures with AD obligations, obligation to ensure (AD 18.4), legislation 揳s such?and, zeroing procedures and AD 144
determination of dumping (AD 2)
fair comparison of export price and normal value (AD 2.4)
揹ue allowance? 揹ifferences which affect price comparability?AD 95
揻air comparison?AD 82
zeroing (AD 9.3) and AD 82
legislation as such, right to challenge (WTO XVI:4)
mandatory/discretionary legislation, distinguishability, rejection/non-endorsement of doctrine DSU 301
normative value as determining factor DSU 285?a href="dsu_03_e.htm#286">6
relationships within and between agreements, AD 2.4/AD 9.3 AD 82
搝eroing?(AD 9.3/GATT VI:2) AD 686
administrative reviews and GATT 464, AD 686?a href="anti_dumping_03_e.htm#687">7
as an allowance or adjustment (AD 2.4) AD 146?a href="anti_dumping_01_e.htm#147">7
legislation 揳s such?(AD 18.4) and AD 144, DSU 286
retrospective assessment and AD 686?a href="anti_dumping_03_e.htm#687">7
US ?Zeroing (EC) (Panel), WT/DS294/R
interim review (DSU 15), additional comments following relevant AB report DSU 817
搝eroing?(AD 9.3/GATT VI:2), as an allowance or adjustment (AD 2.4) AD 146
US ?Zeroing (EC) (Article 21.5 ?EC) (AB), WT/DS294/AB/RW and Corr.1
anti-dumping duties, imposition and collection (AD 9), calculation of 揳ll other?anti-dumping duty rate (AD 9.4), margins established under circumstances referred to in AD 6.8, exclusion, lacuna situation AD 710
determination of dumping (AD 2), fair comparison of export price and normal value (AD 2.4), 揻air comparison? as independent obligation AD 81
implementation of panel or AB recommendations (DSU 19.1), panel抯 discretionary suggestions DSU 951
standard/powers of review (AB) (issues of law and legal interpretations) (DSU 17.6), new evidence DSU 854
US ?Zeroing (EC) (Article 21.5 ?EC) (Panel), WT/DS294/RW
composition of panel (DSU 8)
citizens of parties (DSU 8.3) DSU 439
determination by Director-General (DSU 8.7)
challenge to DSU 439?a href="dsu_04_e.htm#440">40
discretionary nature DSU 440
interim review (DSU 15), new arguments DSU 803
terms of reference of panels (DSU 7), 搈atter referred to the DSB?(DSU 7.1) DSU 221
US ?Zeroing (Japan) (AB), WT/DS322/AB/R
Anti-Dumping Agreement (AD), object and purpose, absence of specific provision/preamble AD 4
anti-dumping and countervailing duties (GATT VI) including interrelationship with AD Agreement, dumping, constituent elements (AD 2/GATT VI:1), consistency of definition throughout AD and GATT GATT 452
anti-dumping duties, imposition and collection (AD 9)
assessment (AD 9.3)
損roduct as a whole?(AD 2.1) and AD 18, 680
retrospective assessment (AD 9.3.1) AD 678, 680
zeroing and AD 680
conformity of laws, regulations and administrative procedures with WTO obligations, obligation to ensure (WTO XVI:4), judicial decisions WTO 288
customary international law rules of interpretation [as codified in the VCLT] as applicable law, AD 17.6(ii) AD 929
determination of dumping (AD 2), definitions, 損roduct?AD 18
揹umping?/ 搈argin of dumping?(AD 2.1)
as exporter-specific concepts AD 690
AD 9.3 and AD 690
揹umping?(AD 2.1), product specific requirement AD 18
interpretation of covered agreements, rules relating to including
VCLT provisions, multiple permissible interpretations AD 929
judicial decisions, conformity with WTO obligations, obligation to ensure (WTO XVI:4) WTO 288
judicial review (AD 13), special or additional rules and procedures (DSU 1.2 and Appendix 2) and DSU 16
legislation as such, right to challenge (WTO XVI:4), normative value as determining factor DSU 287
margin of discretion [in accordance with due process] (panel) (DSU 12.1 and Appendix 3), evaluation of evidence (DSU 11) and DSU 612
order of analysis
covered agreements/DSU DSU 16
搒ubstantive?agreements/DSU DSU 16
relationships within and between agreements
AD 2.1/AD 9.3 AD 690
AD 2.1/GATT VI:1 GATT 452
request for establishment of panel, requirements (DSU 6.2), 搒ufficient to present the problem clearly?DSU 190
special or additional rules and procedures (DSU 1.2 and Appendix 2), arrangements considered for classification as, AD 13 DSU 16
standard/powers of review (AB) (issues of law and legal interpretations) (DSU 17.6), law vs fact, panel as trier of facts DSU 612
standard/powers of review (panel) (AD 17.6), interpretation of relevant provisions of AD (AD 17.6(ii)), 揳dmits of more than one permissible interpretation?AD 929
搝eroing?(AD 9.3/GATT VI:2) GATT 464
administrative reviews and GATT 464
comparison of weighted average normal value with weighted average of all comparable export transactions (AD 2.4.2), mathematical equivalence AD 139
retrospective assessment and AD 680
US ?Zeroing (Japan) (Panel), WT/DS322/R
anti-dumping duties, imposition and collection (AD 9)
assessment (AD 9.3)
損roduct as a whole?(AD 2.1) and AD 679
retrospective assessment (AD 9.3.1) AD 679
conformity of laws, regulations and administrative procedures with AD obligations, obligation to ensure (AD 18.4), legislation 揳s such?and, zeroing procedures and AD 143
determination of dumping (AD 2)
calculation of dumping margins (AD 2.4), comparison of weighted average normal value with weighted average of all comparable export transactions (AD 2.4.2), zeroing and AD 115, 689
fair comparison of export price and normal value (AD 2.4), 揻air comparison? zeroing (AD 9.3) and AD 84?a href="anti_dumping_01_e.htm#85">5
judicial economy, prior decision on another point rendering discussion otiose AD 84
legislation as such, right to challenge (WTO XVI:4)
normative value as determining factor DSU 287, 287?a href="dsu_03_e.htm#288">8
unwritten instrument and DSU 288
sunset review (AD 11.3) (including 搇ikelihood?test), zeroing and AD 770
搝eroing?(AD 9.3/GATT VI:2)
comparison of weighted average normal value with weighted average of all comparable export transactions (AD 2.4.2), transaction-to-transaction method AD 112, 135, 828
揻air comparison?(AD 2.4) and AD 84?a href="anti_dumping_01_e.htm#85">5
legislation 揳s such?(AD 18.4) and AD 143, DSU 287?a href="dsu_03_e.htm#288">8
搈odel zeroing?vs 搒imple zeroing?AD 112
sunset reviews (AD 13.3) and AD 770
US ?Zeroing (Japan) (Article 21.3(c)), WT/DS322/21, DSR 2007:X, 搑easonable period?for implementation of recommendations and rulings (Article 21.3(c) arbitrations), conclusion following appointment of Arbitrator DSU 1018
US ?Zeroing (Japan) (Article 21.5 ?Japan) (AB), WT/DS322/AB/RW
burden of proof (general rules), on WTO law DSU 577
domestic law, as justification for failure to fulfil international obligations, exclusion (VCLT 27) DSU 1520
interpretation of covered agreements, rules relating to including VCLT provisions, as a whole/holistic/harmonious exercise DSU 16
搈easures at issue?(DSU 6.2)
measure in existence at time of establishment of panel, limitation to DSU 257
prospective measure, 搒ubsequent closely related measures?DSU 262 n. 395, 382 n. 618
prompt and satisfactory settlement (DSU 3.3), multiple proceedings, avoidance of DSU 66
Schedules of Concessions (GATT II), anti-dumping duties applied consistently with GATT II:2(b), 搒afe harbour?GATT 161
US ?Zeroing (Korea) (Panel), WT/DS402/R
burden of proof (general rules), prima facie case requirement AD 123
panel reports, rationale/reasons, need for (DSU 12.7), in case of mutually agreed solution DSU 707?a href="dsu_06_e.htm#708">8
搝eroing?(AD 9.3/GATT VI:2), comparison of weighted average normal value with weighted average of all comparable export transactions (AD 2.4.2), 揷omparable?AD 123
US/Canada ?Continued Suspension (AB), WT/DS320/AB/R and WT/DS321/AB/R, DSR 2008:X
AB procedures (DSU 17.9 and ABWP)
documents (ABWP 18), failure to file by deadline (ABWP 18(1)) DSU 1399
failure to appear (AB 29) DSU 1467
oral hearings (ABWP 27), AB authority to organize and conduct DSU 1449
transition (ABWP 15) DSU 1378
ALOPs (SPS 5.4?.6 and Annex A(5)), measures 搉ot more trade restrictive than required to achieve their appropriate level of ?protection?(SPS 5.6), 揳ppropriate level? determination, 揳cceptable level of risk?test (SPS 5.1/ Annex A(4)) and SPS 530
arbitration (DSU 25), as alternative to panel procedure DSU 1339
burden of proof (general rules)
difficulty in collecting information and DSU 572
good faith (including pacta sunt servanda principle (VCLT 26)) DSU 1512
good faith presumptions, relevance DSU 1276
post-suspension cases (DSU 22.8/SPS 5.7) DSU 1274?a href="dsu_08_e.htm#1276">6
procedural fairness and DSU 572
Codex Alimentarius Commission, cooperation with, food safety standards and SPS 70
consultations (DSU 4), good faith and (DSU 4.3) DSU 105, 132, 155
DSB, statements by Members at DSB meetings, legal effect, as prohibited unilateral action (DSU 23.1) DSU 29, 1313, 1689
DSU, 揹ispute settlement? expeditious arbitration as alternative means (DSU 25.1) DSU 1339
DSU dispute settlement
compulsory (panel proceedings) vs consensual (consultations, mediation, good offices and arbitration) DSU 1339
obligation to have recourse to (DSU 23.1)
搒eeking redress of WTO violation?DSU 1308?a href="dsu_09_e.htm#1309">9
suspension of concessions (DSU 22) as DSU 1308?a href="dsu_09_e.htm#1309">9
temporary nature of suspension of concessions (DSU 22) and DSU 1319
due process (dispute settlement proceedings)
expert evidence and DSU 1478
objective assessment obligations (DSU 11) and DSU 619?a href="dsu_05_e.htm#620">20
prejudice to party, relevance DSU 29
expert evidence (DSU 13.2/SPS 11.2)
disclosure requirement SPS 409?a href="sps_03_e.htm#410">10
independence and impartiality
affiliations raising doubts SPS 414?a href="sps_03_e.htm#415">15, DSU 619?a href="dsu_05_e.htm#620">20, 1478?a href="dsu_10_e.htm#1480">80
panel抯 obligation to ensure SPS 411?a href="sps_03_e.htm#413">13, DSU 620, 1480
Rules of Conduct (RoC I and III:2) SPS 418, DSU 1478?a href="dsu_10_e.htm#1480">80
self-disclosure (RoC VI) SPS 410, DSU 1491?a href="dsu_10_e.htm#1492">2
selection process
consultation with parties SPS 401
importance SPS 399?a href="sps_03_e.htm#400">400
significant investigative authority, panel抯 慴road discretion?SPS 28, 419
Working Procedures applicable to SPS 417
good faith engagement in dispute settlement procedures (DSU 3.10)
burden of proof and DSU 1276
consultations and (DSU 4.3) DSU 105, 132, 155
implementation of DSB recommendation and rulings and DSU 105, 1276
good faith (including pacta sunt servanda principle (VCLT 26)), as fundamental rule of treaty interpretation DSU 1512
good offices, conciliation and mediation (DSU 5), compulsory adjudication distinguished DSU 178
harmonization of SPS measures (SPS 3)
measures based on international standards (SPS 3.1)
Codex Alimentarius and SPS 70
presumption of consistency with SPS/GATT (burden of proof) (SPS 3.2) SPS 79
measures which conform to international standards (SPS 3.2), burden of proof SPS 84, 88, 300?a href="sps_02_e.htm#302">2, 338
measures which result in a higher level of protection (SPS 3.3)
as autonomous right SPS 94
presumption of consistency with SPS/GATT (burden of proof) (SPS 3.2) and SPS 79, 84, 94
risk assessment obligation (SPS 5) and SPS 178?a href="sps_02_e.htm#180">80, 530
as SPS object and purpose (preamble) SPS 69
as SPS object and purpose (SPS 3.1/preamble) SPS 3
implementation of DSB recommendations and rulings (DSU 21), good faith obligation, whether DSU 105
implementation of panel or AB recommendations (DSU 19.1), subsequent proceedings/continuance of recommendations DSU 945
information or technical advice, panel抯 right to seek (DSU 13.1/SPS 11.2)
applicability of SPS 11(2) SPS 394
comprehensive nature of panel抯 authority DSU 737
role/value SPS 395
multiple complainants (DSU 9), separate AB reports DSU 459
ordinary meaning of terms used in covered agreements, 揹etermination?(DSU 23.2) DSU 1313
panel procedures (DSU 12 and Appendix 3 (WP)), experts, applicability to SPS 417
provisional adoption of SPS measures in case of insufficiency of scientific evidence (SPS 5.7)
assessment period SPS 307
揳vailable pertinent information?SPS 309
burden of proof, limitation of Article 21.5 review to insufficiencies identified by Member adopting measure DSU 1278 n. 2005
impossibility of reaching objective conclusion and SPS 292
搃nsufficient?SPS 298?a href="sps_02_e.htm#299">9
international standard as evidence of sufficiency SPS 300?a href="sps_02_e.htm#302">2
precautionary principle and SPS 330
as qualified exemption/autonomous right SPS 290
rational and objective relationship between SPS measure and scientific evidence, need for SPS 309
review within 揳 reasonable period of time?SPS 319
evolution of scientific evidence subsequent to adoption of provisional measure and SPS 322?a href="sps_02_e.htm#323">3
risk assessment (SPS 1) and SPS 308
scientific uncertainty/controversy, relevance SPS 299
搒eek to obtain additional information?for more objective assessment of risk SPS 313?a href="sps_02_e.htm#315">15
standard of insufficiency SPS 304
public hearings, AB (ABWP 27), third participants (ABWP 24) DSU 1442
public observation of oral hearing / 損assive participation?(ABWP 27(3)) DSU 1442
AB authority to agree to DSU 1442, 1449
amendment of ABWP 24 and 27(3) (2003) DSU 1449
relationships within and between agreements
DSU 22.8/DSU 23 DSU 1319
DSU 23.1/DSU 23.2 DSU 1302
SPS 2.2/SPS 5.1 and 5.7 SPS 57
SPS 3.2 and 3.3/Annex A(3) SPS 501
SPS 3.2/SPS 5.7 SPS 88, 300, 338
SPS 5.1/SPS 5.7 SPS 308
review of implementation of DSB rulings (DSU 21.5)
ascertainable and theoretical risk distinguished (SPS 5.1), quantitative threshold, relevance SPS 162
burden of proof DSU 1274?a href="dsu_08_e.htm#1276">6
competence of DSU 21.5 (compliance) panel
limitations on, insufficiencies in scientific evidence identified by Member adopting measure DSU 1278
panel performing functions similar to Article 21.5 panel DSU 1277
factors to be taken into account including 揳vailable scientific evidence?(SPS 2)
non-scientific/non-quantifiable factors SPS 198, 530
open vs closed list SPS 198?a href="sps_02_e.htm#199">9
Member抯 obligation to determine [in accordance with SPS obligations] SPS 208, 272
Member抯 prerogative SPS 269
potential abuse of controlled substance SPS 198?a href="sps_02_e.htm#199">9
risks arising from difficulties of control, inspection and approval/assessment (SPS 8 and Annex C) SPS 376
measures 揳ppropriate to the circumstances?(SPS 5.1)
direct causality between substance and possible adverse health effects SPS 174
discretion not to take measures and SPS 169, 512
flexibility SPS 168?a href="sps_02_e.htm#169">9
interdependence of level of protection and risk assessment SPS 178?a href="sps_02_e.htm#180">80, 530
risk management distinguished (SPS 5.1 and Annex A(4)) SPS 131, 522?a href="sps_03_e.htm#524">4
standard of review, 搊bjective assessment of matter before it?(DSU 11) DSU 1277
types of risk (搇ikelihood?vs 損otential?, 搇ikelihood? 揳ccording to SPS measures which might be applied?SPS 512
risk assessment, need for (SPS 5.1?.3), minimization of negative trade effects obligation (SPS 5.4) and SPS 208
risk assessment (SPS Annex A(4)(4))
ALOPs (SPS 5.4?.6 and Annex A(5)) and SPS 530
quantification, relevance (including SPS 5.2 requirements) SPS 517?a href="sps_03_e.htm#518">18
types of risk (搇ikelihood?vs 損otential?, 損otential? 搇ikelihood?distinguished SPS 517
Rules of Conduct (RoC)
material violations (RoC VIII) DSU 1495
self-disclosure (RoC VI) SPS 410, DSU 1491
scientific evidence, need for sufficient (SPS 2.2)
burden of proof, SPS 5.7 and DSU 1278 n. 2005
rational and objective relationship between SPS measure and scientific evidence, need for, provisional measures (SPS 5.7) and SPS 309
standard/powers of review (panel), own assessment, exclusion SPS 124?a href="sps_02_e.htm#125">5, 126?a href="sps_02_e.htm#127">7
security and predictability of WTO obligations (DSU 3.2), suspension of concessions (DSU 22.4) and DSU 47?a href="dsu_01_e.htm#48">8
SPS Agreement
object and purpose (preamble)
consistency of measures with SPS obligations SPS 1
harmonization of international standards SPS 3
SPS control, inspection and approval procedures (SPS 8 and Annex C), risk assessment (SPS 5.2) and SPS 195, 376
standard/powers of review (AB) (issues of law and legal interpretations) (DSU 17.6), completion of the legal analysis in case of, contentiousness/omission/ insufficiency of facts DSU 878
standard/powers of review (panel) (DSU 11)
error of law, failure to apply proper standard of review SPS 124?a href="sps_02_e.htm#125">5
搊bjective assessment of matter before it?/p>
Article 21.5-type proceedings and DSU 1277?a href="dsu_08_e.htm#1278">8
due process and DSU 619?a href="dsu_05_e.htm#620">20
suspension of concessions for non-implementation of DSB recommendations and rulings (DSU 22)
authorization, need for (DSU 3.7, 22.6 and 23.2(c)), security and predictability of WTO obligations (DSU 2) and DSU 47?a href="dsu_01_e.htm#48">8
burden of proof in post-suspension position (DSU 22.8/SPS 5.7) DSU 1274?a href="dsu_08_e.htm#1276">6
inducement of compliance as objective DSU 47
as 搒eeking redress?(DSU 23.1) DSU 1308?a href="dsu_09_e.htm#1309">9
as temporary measure (DSU 22.8) DSU 1319
obligation to engage actively in dispute settlement proceedings DSU 1319
third party participants (AB proceedings) (ABWP 24/ABWP 27), role DSU 1442
unilateral action by Member, prohibition (DSU 23.1)
揷hilling?effect DSU 29, 1313, 1689
揹etermination?DSU 1313
examples of excluded actions (DSU 23.2) DSU 1302
relationship between DSU 23.1 and 23.2 DSU 1302
statements at DSB meetings as DSU 29, 1313, 1689
unilateral statements, legal effect DSU 1689
US/Canada ?Continued Suspension (Panel), WT/DS320/R and WT/DS321/R
burden of proof (general rules), good faith (including pacta sunt servanda principle (VCLT 26)) DSU 1511
confidentiality of proceedings (DSU 14/DSU 17.10/DSU 18.2/WP 3)
揹eliberations?(DSU 14.1) DSU 770
international tribunal practice DSU 770 n. 1233
confidentiality of proceedings (RoC VII:1), public hearings and DSU 1483
customary international law rules of interpretation [as codified in the VCLT] as applicable law (DSU 3.2), customary international law other than customary rules of interpretation DSU 1597
DSB, statements by Members at DSB meetings, legal effect, as prohibited unilateral action (DSU 23.1) DSU 29, 1313, 1689
good faith (including pacta sunt servanda principle (VCLT 26))
as fundamental rule of treaty interpretation DSU 1510?a href="dsu_10_e.htm#1511">11, 1513
as fundamental rule of treaty interpretation/performance DSU 1597
as general principle of international law DSU 1597
implementation of panel or AB recommendations (DSU 19.1), panel抯 decision not to make suggestions DSU 959
interim review (DSU 15)
additional meeting DSU 807
failure to inform panel of errors DSU 788
inclusion of discussion of arguments (DSU 15.3) DSU 808
損recise aspects of the interim report? limitation to (DSU 15.2) DSU 781
reconsideration of evidence, arguments and findings DSU 796
international law / 搑elevant rules of international law?(VCLT 31 (3)(c)) with particular reference to the interpretation of covered agreements (DSU 3(2)) DSU 1597
good faith as DSU 1597
provisional adoption of SPS measures in case of insufficiency of scientific evidence (SPS 5.7), burden of proof, limitation of Article 21.5 review to insufficiencies identified by Member adopting measure DSU 1278 n. 2005
public hearings
AB (ABWP 27) DSU 1449
panel DSU 689?a href="dsu_06_e.htm#690">90, 924
Rules of Conduct (RoC)
independence and impartiality (RoC I and III:2), panellists DSU 1482
搒hall in no way modify the rights and obligations?(RoC II), confidentiality (RoC VII) and DSU 1483
scientific evidence, need for sufficient (SPS 2.2), burden of proof, SPS 5.7 and DSU 1278 n. 2005
special or additional procedures (panel) (DSU 12.1)
margin of discretion DSU 686
open panel hearings DSU 689?a href="dsu_06_e.htm#690">90
unilateral action by Member, prohibition (DSU 23.1)
揷hilling?effect DSU 29, 1313, 1689
statements at DSB meetings as DSU 29, 1313